Centos下添加静态路由（临时和永久有效）的操作记录

 

公司IDC机房服务器上部署了一套外网LB环境，默认配置的是外网ip的路由地址，由于要和其他内网机器通信，所以需要配置内网ip的路由地址。整个操作过程，记录如下，以供以后参考学习：

1）内网网卡绑定
[root@external-lb01 ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
[root@external-lb01 network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-em1 
DEVICE=em1
HWADDR=80:18:44:EB:0F:F4
TYPE=Ethernet
UUID=1bb1d77b-2cda-4640-b425-3ef692138937
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=none
MASTER=bond0
SLAVE=yes
[root@external-lb01 network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-em2
DEVICE=em2
HWADDR=80:18:44:EB:0F:F5
TYPE=Ethernet
UUID=e28f73ac-9149-47d9-84eb-3e7c027038e2
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=none
MASTER=bond0
SLAVE=yes
[root@external-lb01 network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-bond0
DEVICE=bond0
name='bond0'
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=none
IPADDR=10.0.36.21
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=10.0.36.1
BONDING_OPTS='mode=4 miimon=100'

2）外网网卡绑定
[root@external-lb01 network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-em3 
DEVICE=em3
HWADDR=80:18:44:EB:0F:F6
TYPE=Ethernet
UUID=4f0384bb-7140-4161-9a87-561e0964120c
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=none
MASTER=bond1
SLAVE=yes
[root@external-lb01 network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-em4
DEVICE=em4
HWADDR=80:18:44:EB:0F:F7
TYPE=Ethernet
UUID=2e9236cb-4745-46b7-bfb7-9bf7333fd99a
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=none
MASTER=bond1
SLAVE=yes
[root@external-lb01 network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-bond1
DEVICE=bond1
name='bond1'
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=none
IPADDR=115.182.11.21
NETMASK=255.255.255.240
GATEWAY=115.182.11.17
BONDING_OPTS='mode=4 miimon=100'

3）修改网卡绑定配置
[root@external-lb01 network-scripts]# cat /etc/modprobe.d/bonding.conf 
alias bond0 bonding
options bonding mode=4 miimon=100

alias bond1 bonding
options bonding mode=4 miimon=100

网卡绑定生效：
[root@external-lb01 network-scripts]# modprobe bonding
[root@external-lb01 network-scripts]# /etc/init.d/network restart
[root@external-lb01 network-scripts]# modprobe bonding

查看网卡绑定结果：
[root@external-lb01 network-scripts]# cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0
Ethernet Channel Bonding Driver: v3.7.1 (April 27, 2011)

Bonding Mode: IEEE 802.3ad Dynamic link aggregation
Transmit Hash Policy: layer2 (0)
MII Status: up
........
........

[root@external-lb01 network-scripts]# cat /proc/net/bonding/bond1
Ethernet Channel Bonding Driver: v3.7.1 (April 27, 2011)

Bonding Mode: IEEE 802.3ad Dynamic link aggregation
Transmit Hash Policy: layer2 (0)
MII Status: up
........
........

4）查看路由
[root@external-lb01 ~]# route -n         //默认配置了外网网关地址
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
115.182.11.16   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.240 U     0      0        0 bond1
10.0.36.0       0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 bond0
169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1006   0        0 bond0
169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1007   0        0 bond1
0.0.0.0         115.182.11.17   0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 bond1

[root@external-lb01 ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4

如上配置后，该机器可以ping通别的机器，及网络出去没有问题，因为配置了外网地址。
但是别的内网机器ping不通该机，这就需要配置该机的内网网关。

5）设置内网网关
临时设置内网网关（重启网卡服务后，这个临时设置的网关地址就消失了）
[root@external-lb01 ~]# route add -net 10.0.0.0/8 gw 10.0.36.1

永久设置内网网关（这样重启网卡服务后，这个网关地址还会在）
[root@external-lb01 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network
GATEWAY=10.0.36.1

[root@external-lb01 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/static-routes
any net 10.0.0.0/8 gw 10.0.36.1

开启IP转发
[root@external-lb01 ~]# echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward    //临时开启
[root@external-lb01 ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1                 //永久开启

重启网卡
[root@external-lb01 ~]# /etc/init.d/network restart