Django 踩过的坑（二）
最近在折腾Django的WSGI应用，虽然Django自带的runserver很方便，但是对于复杂的功能它就无能为力了。
首先在Windows上遇到坑了，然后在windows10自带的Ubuntu遇到坑了，最后在虚拟机上总算解决了。
从以前的文章Django笔记《Django 学习笔记（二）第一个网页》可以看出我用的是windows10系统中的cmd来进行Django操作的，由于gunicorn应用是在unix系统中运行的，强制性在win平台运行就出错了。
1.windows遇到坑：
首先 cmd中输入：pip3 install gunicorn ，安装成功后，切换到项目目录(G:/Django/hello)，具体操作是先切换到G盘，直接输入G:，接着输入cd Django\hello 就会出现 G:\Django\hello>这种情况。然后运行gunicorn，在Django项目中格式是：gunicorn yourproject.wsgi [-b 127.0.0.1.8000]，括号内为选填，其他命令参数可以发送 gunicorn -h得到帮助文档。我这边的项目是hello，所以我的命令操作是：gunicorn hello.wsgi ，然后呢，出错ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pwd'，没有pwd模块，好吧，没有找呗。找到后的代码贴在下面了，把找到的pwd.py放进了python3的安装目录D:\Program Files\Python\Python36\Lib，接着我们再运行gunicorn hello.wsgi ，结果又出错了：AttributeError: module 'socket' has no attribute 'AF_UNIX' ，然后我又在网上找，gunicorn是unix系统中的应用，将其用在windows上兼容性是个大大的问题，如果按照错误一个个解决将是一个庞大的工程，所以转战unix系统，windows在gunicorn上弃坑。
G:\Django\hello>gunicorn hello.wsgi Traceback (most recent call last): File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main "__main__", mod_spec) File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code exec(code, run_globals) File "D:\Program Files\Python\Python36\Scripts\gunicorn.exe\__main__.py", line 5, in <module> File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\app\wsgiapp.py", line 10, in <module> from gunicorn.app.base import Application File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\app\base.py", line 12, in <module> from gunicorn import util File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\util.py", line 13, in <module> import pwd ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pwd'
from os import * from pwd import * def get_username(): return getpwuid(getuid())[0]
G:\Django\hello>gunicorn hello.wsgi Traceback (most recent call last): File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main "__main__", mod_spec) File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code exec(code, run_globals) File "D:\Program Files\Python\Python36\Scripts\gunicorn.exe\__main__.py", line 5, in <module> File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\app\wsgiapp.py", line 10, in <module> from gunicorn.app.base import Application File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\app\base.py", line 13, in <module> from gunicorn.arbiter import Arbiter File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\arbiter.py", line 18, in <module> from gunicorn import sock, systemd, util File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\sock.py", line 101, in <module> class UnixSocket(BaseSocket): File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\sock.py", line 103, in UnixSocket FAMILY = socket.AF_UNIX AttributeError: module 'socket' has no attribute 'AF_UNIX'
2.win10平台自带Ubuntu遇到的坑
win10开启Linux系统：首先，在win10设置-->安全与更新-->针对开发人员-->开发人员模式-->打钩，然后在控制面板-->程序个功能-->启动或关闭windows功能-->适用于Linux的windows子系统（Bata）-->打勾，最后用管理员运行shell-->输入cmd-->输入bash-->按照操作下载安装Linux。
安装完毕后，用管理员身份shell进入cmd，输入bash进入Linux系统。系统默认安装的有python2.7和python3.5。python默认启动的是python2，可以设置默认python为python3：
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python2.7 100
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3.5 200
按照套路先安装pip3（如果直接安装pip是默认安装在python2中的）：sudo apt-get install python3-pip，接着用pip安装Django：sudo pip3 install Django，最后用pip安装gunicorn：sudo pip3 install gunicorn （现在自动安装的版本是19.7.1）。环境安装完毕，切换到项目地址：cd /mnt/g/Django/hello，然后输入gunicorn hello.wsgi ，结果又出错了。OSError: [Errno 92] Protocol not available ，后来折腾卸载pip发现gunicorn 依赖于python-gunicorn（19.4.5），所以卸载了gunicorn(19.7.1)：pip3 uninstall gunicorn ，然后安装了gunicorn(19.4.5)：pip3 install gunicorn==19.4.5。然后命令gunicorn hello.wsgi 启动成功，没有出现Failed to find application，成功访问了127.0.0.1:8000/admin/ 。
Lee@Kein:/mnt/g/Django/hello$ gunicorn hello.wsgi [2017-07-16 15:16:25 +0800] [428] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 19.7.1 Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/sock.py", line 44, in set_options sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEPORT, 1) OSError: [Errno 92] Protocol not available During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/local/bin/gunicorn", line 11, in <module> sys.exit(run()) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 74, in run WSGIApplication("%(prog)s [OPTIONS] [APP_MODULE]").run() File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 203, in run super(Application, self).run() File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 72, in run Arbiter(self).run() File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 198, in run self.start() File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 157, in start self.LISTENERS = sock.create_sockets(self.cfg, self.log, fds) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/sock.py", line 180, in create_sockets sock = sock_type(addr, conf, log) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/sock.py", line 32, in __init__ self.sock = self.set_options(sock, bound=bound) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/sock.py", line 89, in set_options return super(TCPSocket, self).set_options(sock, bound=bound) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/sock.py", line 46, in set_options if err[0] not in (errno.ENOPROTOOPT, errno.EINVAL): TypeError: 'OSError' object is not subscriptable
Lee@Kein:/mnt/g/Django/hello$ gunicorn hello.wsgi [2017-07-16 15:22:16 +0800] [470] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 19.4.5 [2017-07-16 15:22:16 +0800] [470] [INFO] Listening at: http://127.0.0.1:8000 (470) [2017-07-16 15:22:16 +0800] [470] [INFO] Using worker: sync [2017-07-16 15:22:17 +0800] [473] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 473 Not Found: /static/admin/css/base.css Not Found: /static/admin/css/login.css
3.虚拟机安装ubuntu系统，按照上面的套路，成功一次性启动了服务。也反过来思考win10上遇到的问题，成功把坑2填上了。
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