【XML】-- C#读取XML中元素和属性的值
Xml是扩展标记语言的简写，是一种开发的文本格式。
啰嗦几句儿：老师布置的一个小作业却让我的脑细胞死了一堆，难的不是代码，是n多嵌套的if、foreach，做完这个，我使劲儿想：我一女孩，没有更多女孩的生活整天对着电脑学，累的不行但这水平就不见长，哪儿出错了呢？----脑袋瓜子不够用。。。 哎，来句老师的话缓解一下：“JUST DO IT！很多孩子听了乔丹的话,从此进入IT行业~~~”
over，我还是把这个简单但却打击了我下的小东西共享下吧。^_~
用C#读取xml有很多方式，这里我就先使用XmlDocument读取Xml，用一段代码遍历所有元素，并打印student的所有属性和子节点的值。
1、school.xml，如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!--启明培训学校学生信息： 1、一年级学生 2、二年级学生 --> <school name="启明培训学校"> <grades> <grade id="1" name="一年级"> <classes> <class id="101" name="一班"> <teachers> <teacher teach="语文"><teacherName><![CDATA[王军]]></teacherName></teacher> <teacher teach="数学"><teacherName><![CDATA[周杰]]></teacherName></teacher> </teachers> <students> <student id="10101"> <name>亢阳</name> <sex>女</sex> </student> <student id="10102"> <name>田镇南</name> <sex>男</sex> </student> <student id="10103"> <name>刘嘉</name> <sex>女</sex> </student> </students> </class> </classes> </grade> <grade id="2" name="二年级"> <classes> <class id="201" name="二班"> <teachers> <teacher teach="语文"><teacherName><![CDATA[胡军]]></teacherName></teacher> <teacher teach="数学"><teacherName><![CDATA[王洁]]></teacherName></teacher> </teachers> <students > <student id="20101"> <name>胡艳</name> <sex>女</sex> </student> <student id="20102"> <name>张三</name> <sex>男</sex> </student> <student id="20103"> <name>李四</name> <sex>女</sex> </student> </students> </class> </classes> </grade> </grades> </school>
2、XMLReader.cs （我用的是控制台应用程序，直接附上全部代码吧）
1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Linq; 4 using System.Text; 5 6 using System.Xml; 7 8 namespace XMLReader 9 { 10 class XMLReader 11 { 12 static void Main(string[] args) 13 { 14 string xmlFilePath = "school.xml"; 15 XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument(); 16 doc.Load(xmlFilePath); 17 18 //学校 使用xpath表达式选择文档中所有的schoo的子节点 19 XmlNodeList schoolNodeList = doc.SelectNodes("/school"); 20 if (schoolNodeList != null) 21 { 22 foreach (XmlNode schoolNode in schoolNodeList) 23 { 24 //通过Attributes获得属性名为name的属性 25 string schoolName = schoolNode.Attributes["name"].Value; 26 Console.WriteLine("学校：" + schoolName); 27 28 #region 年级 29 //通过SelectSingleNode方法获得当前节点下的grades子节点 30 XmlNode gradesNode = schoolNode.SelectSingleNode("grades"); 31 if (gradesNode != null) 32 { 33 //通过ChildNodes属性获得grades的所有一级子节点 34 XmlNodeList gradeNodeList = gradesNode.ChildNodes; 35 if (gradeNodeList != null) 36 { 37 foreach (XmlNode gradeNode in gradeNodeList) 38 { 39 Console.WriteLine("\t"); 40 Console.WriteLine("年级：" + gradeNode.Attributes["name"].Value + " ID:" + gradeNode.Attributes["id"].Value); 41 42 #region 班级 43 //通过SelectSingleNode方法获得当前节点下的classes子节点 44 XmlNode classesNode = gradeNode.SelectSingleNode("classes"); 45 if (classesNode != null) 46 { 47 //通过ChildNodes属性获得classes的所有一级子节点 48 XmlNodeList classNodeList = classesNode.ChildNodes; 49 if (classNodeList != null) 50 { 51 foreach (XmlNode classNode in classNodeList) 52 { 53 Console.WriteLine(" 班级：" + classNode.Attributes["name"].Value + " ID:" + classNode.Attributes["id"].Value); 54 55 #region 老师 56 XmlNode teachersNode = classNode.SelectSingleNode("teachers"); 57 if (teachersNode != null) 58 { 59 XmlNodeList teacherNodeList = teachersNode.ChildNodes; 60 if (teacherNodeList != null) 61 { 62 foreach (XmlNode teacherNode in teacherNodeList) 63 { 64 XmlNode teacherNameNode = teacherNode.FirstChild; 65 XmlCDataSection cdate = (XmlCDataSection)teacherNameNode.FirstChild; 66 if (cdate != null) 67 { 68 Console.WriteLine(" "+teacherNode.Attributes["teach"].Value + "老师："+cdate.InnerText.Trim())； 69 70 } 71 } 72 } 73 } 74 #endregion 老师 75 76 #region 所有学生 77 XmlNode studentsNode = classNode.SelectSingleNode("students"); 78 if (studentsNode != null) 79 { 80 XmlNodeList studentNodeList = studentsNode.ChildNodes; 81 if (studentNodeList != null) 82 { 83 foreach (XmlNode studentNode in studentNodeList) 84 { 85 Console.WriteLine(" 学生：" + studentNode.Attributes["id"].Value); 86 87 //获取student的属性值name和文本 88 XmlNode stu1 = studentNode.FirstChild; 89 XmlElement xe1 = (XmlElement)stu1; 90 if (xe1 != null) 91 { 92 Console.WriteLine(" 姓名：" + xe1.InnerText.Trim()); 93 } 94 //获取student的属性值sex和文本 95 XmlNode stu2 = studentNode.LastChild; 96 XmlElement xe2 = (XmlElement)stu2; 97 if (xe2 != null) 98 { 99 Console.WriteLine(" 姓别：" + xe2.InnerText.Trim()); 100 } 101 } 102 } 103 #endregion 所有学生 104 } 105 } 106 } 107 #endregion 班级 108 } 109 } 110 } 111 #endregion 年级 112 Console.Write("\r\n按随意键跳出"); 113 Console.ReadKey(); 114 } 115 116 } 117 } 118 } 119 } 120 }
ok，运行，如图：
-- 后记，学的xml不多，做完之后，我不得不对自己说：IT，要学的太多了，...>_<...
