转载请注明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/lonelytrooper/article/details/12435641
The Bolts
首先我们看一下该topology中的标准bolts：
public class UserSplitterBoltimplementsIBasicBolt{
private static final longserialVersionUID=1L;
@Override
public voiddeclareOutputFields(OutputFieldsDeclarerdeclarer) {
declarer.declareStream("users",newFields("txid","tweet_id","user"));
}
@Override
public Map<String,Object>getComponentConfiguration() {
return null;
}
@Override
publicvoidprepare(Map stormConf,TopologyContext context) {
}
@Override
publicvoidexecute(Tuple input,BasicOutputCollector collector) {
String tweet =input.getStringByField("tweet");
String tweetId =input.getStringByField("tweet_id");
StringTokenizer strTok =newStringTokenizer(tweet," ");
TransactionAttempt tx = (TransactionAttempt)input.getValueByField("txid");
HashSet<String>users= newHashSet<String>();
while(strTok.hasMoreTokens()) {
String user =strTok.nextToken();
// Ensure this is an actual user, and that it's not repeated in the tweet
if(user.startsWith("@") && !users.contains(user)) {
collector.emit("users",newValues(tx,tweetId,user));
users.add(user);
}
}
}
@Override
publicvoidcleanup() {
}
}
正如本章前边提到的，UserSplitterBolt接收元组，解析tweets的文本，并发送@后边的单词或者Twitter用户。HashtagSplitterBolt以一种非常简单的方式工作。
public class HashtagSplitterBoltimplementsIBasicBolt{
private static final longserialVersionUID=1L;
@Override
public voiddeclareOutputFields(OutputFieldsDeclarerdeclarer) {
declarer.declareStream("hashtags",newFields("txid","tweet_id","hashtag"));
}
@Override
public Map<String,Object>getComponentConfiguration() {
return null;
}
@Override
public voidprepare(Map stormConf,TopologyContext context) {
}
@Override
public voidexecute(Tuple input,BasicOutputCollector collector) {
String tweet =input.getStringByField("tweet");
String tweetId =input.getStringByField("tweet_id");
StringTokenizer strTok =newStringTokenizer(tweet," ");
TransactionAttempt tx = (TransactionAttempt)input.getValueByField("txid");
HashSet<String>words= newHashSet<String>();
while(strTok.hasMoreTokens()) {
String word =strTok.nextToken();
if(word.startsWith("#") && !words.contains(word)) {
collector.emit("hashtags",newValues(tx,tweetId,word));
words.add(word);
}
}
}
@Override
publicvoidcleanup() {
}
}
我们现在看下在UserHashtagJoinBolt中发生了什么。首先要注意到的最重要的事情是它是一个BaseBatchBolt。这意味着会对接收到的元组执行execute方法但不会发送任何新的元组。逐步的，当批次结束的时候，Storm会调用finishBatch方法。
public voidexecute(Tuple tuple) {
String source =tuple.getSourceStreamId();
String tweetId =tuple.getStringByField("tweet_id");
if("hashtags".equals(source)) {
String hashtag =tuple.getStringByField("hashtag");
add(tweetHashtags,tweetId,hashtag);
} else if("users".equals(source)) {
String user =tuple.getStringByField("user");
add(userTweets,user,tweetId);
}
}
因为你需要将一条tweet中所有的标签与该tweet中提到的用户关联起来并且计数他们出现的次数，你需要对前边bolt的两条流做连接。对整个批次都这样处理，一旦完成了，finishBatch方法会被调用。
@Override
publicvoidfinishBatch() {
for(String user:userTweets.keySet()) {
Set<String>tweets= getUserTweets(user);
HashMap<String,Integer>hashtagsCounter =new HashMap<String,Integer>();
for(String tweet:tweets) {
Set<String>hashtags= getTweetHashtags(tweet);
if(hashtags!=null) {
for(String hashtag:hashtags) {
Integer count =hashtagsCounter.get(hashtag);
if(count==null)
count =0;
count ++;
hashtagsCounter.put(hashtag,count);
}
}
}
for (String hashtag:hashtagsCounter.keySet()) {
int count=hashtagsCounter.get(hashtag);
collector.emit(newValues(id,user,hashtag, count));
}
}
}
在该方法中，对每一个用户--标签以及它出现的次数，生成并发射一个元组。
你可以在GitHub看到完整的可下载的代码。
提交者 Bolts
正如你已经知道的，在topology中批量的元组被协调器和发射器发送。这些批量的元组被并行的处理，并没有特定的顺序。
coordinator bolts或者是实现了ICommitter接口的特殊批量bolts，或者它在TransactionalTopologyBuilder中被用setCommiterBolt方法设置过。它与常规的批量bolts的主要不同在于当该批次准备好被提交时会执行提交者 bolts的finishBatch方法。这在所有前边的事务被成功的提交后会发生。另外，finishBatch方法被顺序的执行。所以，当事务ID为1的批次和事务ID为2的批次在topology中被并行的处理时，正在处理事务ID为2的批次的提交者bolt的finishBatch方法只有在事务ID为1的批次的finishBatch方法结束并且没有任何错误的情况下才会被执行。
该类的实现如下：
public class RedisCommiterCommiterBoltextendsBaseTransactionalBolt
implements ICommitter{
public static final String LAST_COMMITED_TRANSACTION_FIELD="LAST_COMMIT";
TransactionAttempt id;
BatchOutputCollector collector;
Jedis jedis;
@Override
public voidprepare(Map conf,TopologyContext context,
BatchOutputCollector collector,TransactionAttempt id) {
this.id=id;
this.collector=collector;
this.jedis=newJedis("localhost");
}
HashMap<String,Long>hashtags = new HashMap<String,Long>();
HashMap<String,Long>users = newHashMap<String,Long>();
HashMap<String,Long>usersHashtags =new HashMap<String,Long>();
private voidcount(HashMap<String,Long>map, String key,intcount) {
Long value =map.get(key);
if(value==null)
value = (long)0;
value +=count;
map.put(key,value);
}
@Override
public voidexecute(Tuple tuple) {
String origin =tuple.getSourceComponent();
if("users-splitter".equals(origin)) {
String user =tuple.getStringByField("user");
count(users,user,1);
} else if("hashtag-splitter".equals(origin)) {
String hashtag =tuple.getStringByField("hashtag");
count(hashtags,hashtag,1);
} else if("user-hashtag-merger".equals(origin)) {
String hashtag =tuple.getStringByField("hashtag");
String user =tuple.getStringByField("user");
String key =user+ ":" + hashtag;
Integer count =tuple.getIntegerByField("count");
count(usersHashtags,key,count);
}
}
@Override
publicvoidfinishBatch() {
String lastCommitedTransaction = jedis.get(LAST_COMMITED_TRANSACTION_FIELD);
String currentTransaction =""+id.getTransactionId();
if(currentTransaction.equals(lastCommitedTransaction))
return;
Transaction multi =jedis.multi();
multi.set(LAST_COMMITED_TRANSACTION_FIELD,currentTransaction);
Set<String>keys= hashtags.keySet();
for(String hashtag:keys) {
Long count =hashtags.get(hashtag);
multi.hincrBy("hashtags",hashtag,count);
}
keys =users.keySet();
for(String user:keys) {
Long count = users.get(user);
multi.hincrBy("users",user,count);
}
keys =usersHashtags.keySet();
for(String key:keys) {
Long count =usersHashtags.get(key);
multi.hincrBy("users_hashtags",key,count);
}
multi.exec();
}
@Override
publicvoiddeclareOutputFields(OutputFieldsDeclarer declarer) {
}
}
这些都很直观，但是在finishBatch方法中有一个非常重要的细节。
...
multi.set(LAST_COMMITED_TRANSACTION_FIELD,currentTransaction);
...
这里你正在存储上一个被提交的事务ID到数据库。你为什么要那样做？记住当一个事务失败时，如果有必要的话Storm将重放它足够多次。如果你不确定你已经处理过该事务，那么你可以高估，这样整个topology的事务性含义都没意义了。所以记住：存储上一个被提交的事务ID并且提交前核对它。
