pxe自动化批量安装系统（Centos7）

PXE：preboot execute environment

环境实现：主服务器ip：10.0.10.1

1 tfpt

trivial简单文件共享服务，基于udp协议工作；

加载系统安装程序；

69/udp

[root@t2 ~]# yum list *tftp*

[root@t2 ~]# yum install tftp tftp-server

[root@t2 ~]# rpm -ql tftp-server

 1 /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
 2 /usr/lib/systemd/system/tftp.service
 3 /usr/lib/systemd/system/tftp.socket
 4 /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
 5 /usr/share/doc/tftp-server-5.2
 6 /usr/share/doc/tftp-server-5.2/CHANGES
 7 /usr/share/doc/tftp-server-5.2/README
 8 /usr/share/doc/tftp-server-5.2/README.security
 9 /usr/share/man/man8/in.tftpd.8.gz
10 /usr/share/man/man8/tftpd.8.gz
11 /var/lib/tftpboot           # 默认共享路径

View Code

[root@t2 ~]# systemctl start tftp.service

2 dhcp

dynamic host configuration protocol

提供地址池（租约）；不能跨路由器；

能提供的信息包括：ip, netmask, gateway, dns server, dns search domain, nis server, lease time

C/S：

Client ：68/udp

Server：67/udp

C S C S

dhcpdiscover-->dhcppoffer-->dhcprequest-->dhcpack

注：因VM虚拟机提供dhcp服务功能，故测试不能使用自带的三种用户模式，应自建虚拟网络。

ifconfig eth1 10.0.10.1/24 up

[root@t2 ~]# yum -y install dhcp

[root@t2 ~]# rpm -ql dhcp

cp -p /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.2.5/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

[root@t2 ~]# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

dhcpd.conf

[root@t2 ~]# systemctl start dhcpd.service

通过另外一台服务器配置dhcp设置网卡后，在dhcp服务器上存在租赁记录：

[root@t2 /etc/dhcp]# tail /var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases

dhcpd.leases

 1 lease 10.0.10.11 {
 2   starts 6 2017/08/19 14:46:16;
 3   ends 6 2017/08/19 14:56:16;
 4   cltt 6 2017/08/19 14:46:16;
 5   binding state active;
 6   next binding state free;
 7   rewind binding state free;
 8   hardware ethernet 00:0c:29:e3:ea:af;
 9   client-hostname "t3";
10 }

3 http

[root@t2 ~]# yum -y install httpd

[root@t2 ~]# cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf|grep IncludeOptional

#IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf

[root@t2 ~]# systemctl start httpd.service

mount /dev/sr0 /var/www/html/Centos7

准备系统文件：

[root@t2 ~]# yum -y install syslinux

[root@t2 ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/

[root@t2 ~]# cp /media/cdrom/images/pxeboot/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/

[root@t2 ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/{chain.c32,mboot.c32,menu.c32,memdisk} /var/lib/tftpboot/

[root@t2 ~]# mkdir -pv /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg

[root@t2 ~]# cat pxelinux.cfg/default

1 default menu.c32
2 prompt 5 
3 timeout 15
4 MENU TITLE Hello , luomr
5 
6 LABEL linux
7 MENU LABEL Install CentOS / x86_64
8 KERNEL vmlinuz
9 APPEND initrd=initrd.img inst.repo=http://10.0.10.1/Centos7 ks=http://10.0.10.1/ks.cfg

default

确认文件：

[root@t2 /var/lib/tftpboot]# ls

chain.c32 mboot.c32 menu.c32 pxelinux.cfg

initrd.img memdisk pxelinux.0 vmlinuz

4 ks.cfg

注：以下为ks.cfg内容，可直接复制粘贴使用

[root@t2 ~]# cp ks.cfg /var/www/html/

  1 #platform=x86, AMD64, 或 Intel EM64T
  2 #version=DEVEL
  3 # Install OS instead of upgrade
  4 install
  5 # Keyboard layouts
  6 keyboard 'us'
  7 # Root password
  8 rootpw --plaintext 000000
  9 # Use network installation
 10 url --url="http://10.0.10.1/Centos7"
 11 # System language
 12 lang zh_CN
 13 # Firewall configuration
 14 firewall --disabled
 15 # System authorization information
 16 auth  --useshadow  --passalgo=sha512
 17 # Use graphical install
 18 graphical
 19 # SELinux configuration
 20 selinux --disabled
 21 # Do not configure the X Window System
 22 skipx
 23 
 24 # Network information
 25 network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0
 26 # Reboot after installation
 27 reboot
 28 # System timezone
 29 timezone Asia/Shanghai
 30 # System bootloader configuration
 31 bootloader --location=mbr
 32 # Partition clearing information
 33 clearpart --all --initlabel
 34 # Disk partitioning information
 35 part /boot --fstype="ext4" --ondisk=sda --size=200
 36 part /usr/local --fstype="ext4" --ondisk=sda --size=8000
 37 part swap --fstype="swap" --ondisk=sda --size=800
 38 part / --fstype="ext4" --grow --ondisk=sda --size=1
 39 
 40 %packages
 41 @development
 42 @remote-system-management
 43 ElectricFence
 44 ant
 45 babel
 46 bzr
 47 chrpath
 48 cmake
 49 cvs
 50 expect
 51 imake
 52 ksc
 53 lrzsz
 54 libstdc++-docs
 55 mercurial
 56 nasm
 57 net-tools
 58 perltidy
 59 rpmdevtools
 60 rpmlint
 61 vim
 62 systemtap-sdt-devel
 63 systemtap-server
 64 
 65 %end
 66 
 67 %post --interpreter=/bin/sh
 68 #!/bin/bash
 69 #by luomr
 70 
 71 #deploy yum 
 72 rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo
 73 cat>/etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo << EOF
 74 [Centos7]
 75 name=This is a local repo
 76 baseurl=http://10.0.10.1/Centos7
 77 enabled=1
 78 gpgcheck=0
 79 EOF
 80 yum clean all && yum list
 81 
 82 #network
 83 systemctl restart network.service
 84 
 85 ifconfig |grep inet|awk 'NR==1{print $2}' >/tmp/ip_local
 86 ip=`cat /tmp/ip_local`
 87 #nwn : network name
 88 nwn=`ifconfig |grep eno|awk -F: '{print $1}'`
 89 path_n=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-"$nwn"
 90 
 91 
 92 sed -i 's/BOOTPROTO=dhcp/BOOTPROTO=static/g' $path_n
 93 cat>>$path_n <<EOF
 94 IPADDR=$ip
 95 NETMASK=255.255.255.0
 96 EOF
 97 
 98 ifdown $nwn && ifup $nwn
 99 
100 %end

ks.cfg

配置完毕，测试，本人实操成功！

posted on 2017-08-20 12:57 罗穆瑞阅读(274) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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