实验五 - Karis_thy

task1:

publisher.hpp

#pragma once

#include<iostream>
#include<string>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::string;

 // 发行/出版物类：Publisher （抽象类）
class Publisher {
public:
     Publisher(const string &s = "");      // 构造函数      
public:
     virtual void publish() const = 0;      // 纯虚函数，作为接口继承           
    virtual void use() const = 0;                     
protected:
     string name;    
};

Publisher::Publisher(const string &s):name{s}{}
// 图书类: Book
class Book: public Publisher {
public:
    Book(const string &s = "", const string &a = "");  // 构造函数
public:
    void publish() const override;        // 接口
    void use() const override;            // 接口
private:
    string author;          // 作者
};

Book::Book(const string &s, const string &a): Publisher{s}, author{a} {
 }
void Book::publish() const {
    cout << "Publishing book: 《" << name << "》 by " << author << endl;
 }
 void Book::use() const {
    cout << "Reading book: " << name << " by " << author << endl;
 }

// 电影类: Film
class Film: public Publisher {
public:
    Film(const string &s = "", const string &d = "");   // 构造函数
public:
    void publish() const override;    // 接口
    void use() const override;        // 接口            
private:
    string director;        // 导演
};

Film::Film(const string &s, const string &d): Publisher{s}, director{d} {
 }
 void Film::publish() const {
    cout << "Publishing film: <" << name << "> directed by " << director << 
endl;
 }
 void Film::use() const {
    cout << "Watching film: " << name << " directed by " << director << 
endl;
 }
 
 // 音乐类：Music
class Music: public Publisher {
public:
     Music(const string &s = "", const string &a = "");
public:
    void publish() const override;        // 接口
    void use() const override;            // 接口
private:
    string artist;      // 音乐艺术家名称
};
Music::Music(const string &s, const string &a): Publisher{s}, artist{a} {
 }
void Music::publish() const {
    cout << "Publishing music <" << name << "> by " << artist << endl;
 }
void Music::use() const {
    cout << "Listening to music: " << name << " by " << artist << endl;
 }

task1.cpp

#include "publisher.hpp"
 #include <vector>
 #include <typeinfo>
 using std::vector;
 void test() {
   vector<Publisher *> v;
   v.push_back(new Book("Harry Potter", "J.K. Rowling"));
   v.push_back(new Film("The Godfather", "Francis Ford Coppola"));
   v.push_back(new Music("Blowing in the wind", "Bob Dylan"));
   for(auto &ptr: v) {
        cout << "pointer type: " << typeid(ptr).name() << endl;  // 输出指针类型
        cout << "RTTI type: " << typeid(*ptr).name() << endl;    // 输出指针指向的对象类型
        ptr->publish();
        ptr->use();
        cout << endl;
   }
 }
 int main() {
    test();
 }

task2:

book.hpp

#pragma once

#include<string>
#include<iostream>
#include<iomanip>

 using std::string;
 using std::ostream;
 using std::endl;
 using std::setw;
 using std::left;

class Book{
    public:
        Book(const string &name,const string &author,const string &translator,const string &isbn,float price);
        friend ostream& operator<<(ostream &out,const Book &book);
    private:
        string name;
        string author;
        string translator;
        string isbn;
        float price;
};
Book::Book(const string &name,const string &author,const string &translator,const string &isbn,float price){
     this->name = name;
     this->author = author;
     this->translator = translator;
     this->isbn = isbn;
     this->price = price;
}

 // 友元实现
ostream& operator<<(ostream &out, const Book &book) {
 out << left;
 out << setw(15) << "书名:" << book.name << endl
     << setw(15) << "作者:" << book.author << endl
     << setw(15) << "译者:" << book.translator << endl
     << setw(15) << "定价:" << book.price;
 return out;
 }

booksale.hpp

#pragma once
 #include "book.hpp"
 #include <iostream>
 #include <string>
 #include <iomanip>
 using std::string;
 using std::cout;
 using std::endl;
 using std::setw;
 class BookSale {
 public:
     BookSale(const Book &b, float price, int amount);
     int get_amount() const;
    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream &out, const BookSale &item);
 private:
    Book rb;         
    float sales_price;      
    int sales_amount;       
    float revenue;          
};
 // 售价
// 销售数量
// 营收
// 成员函数实现
BookSale::BookSale(const Book &b, float price, int amount): rb{b}, sales_price(price), sales_amount{amount} {  
revenue = sales_amount * sales_price;
 }
 int BookSale::get_amount() const {
 return sales_amount;
 }
 // 友元函数实现
ostream& operator<<(ostream &out, const BookSale &item) {
 out << left;
 out << item.rb << endl
     << setw(15) << "售价:" << item.sales_price << endl
     << setw(15) << "销售数量:" << item.sales_amount << endl
     << setw(15) << "营收:" << item.revenue;
 return out;
 }

task2.cpp

#include "booksale.hpp"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>

// 按图书销售数额比较
bool compare_by_amount(const BookSale &x1, const BookSale &x2) {
    return x1.get_amount() > x2.get_amount();
}

void test() {
    using namespace std;

     vector<BookSale> sales_lst;         // 存放图书销售记录

     int books_number;
    cout << "录入图书数量: ";
    cin >> books_number;

    cout << "录入图书销售记录" << endl;
    for(int i = 0; i < books_number; ++i) {
        string name, author, translator, isbn;
        float price;
        cout << string(20, '-') << "第" << i+1 << "本图书信息录入" << string(20, '-') << endl;
        cout << "录入书名: "; cin >> name;
        cout << "录入作者: "; cin >> author;
        cout << "录入译者: "; cin >> translator;
        cout << "录入isbn: "; cin >> isbn;
        cout << "录入定价: "; cin >> price;

        Book book(name, author, translator, isbn, price);

        float sales_price;
        int sales_amount;

        cout << "录入售价: "; cin >> sales_price;
        cout << "录入销售数量: "; cin >> sales_amount;

        BookSale record(book, sales_price, sales_amount);
        sales_lst.push_back(record);
    }

    // 按销售册数排序
    sort(sales_lst.begin(), sales_lst.end(), compare_by_amount);

    // 按销售册数降序输出图书销售信息
    cout << string(20, '=') <<  "图书销售统计" << string(20, '=') << endl;
    for(auto &t: sales_lst) {
        cout << t << endl;
        cout << string(40, '-') << endl;
    }
}

int main() {
    test();
}

Q1、用友元函数实现，能够访问到对象内部的私有成员

Q2、用sort()将sales_lst中的成员的销售额进行比较，如果前者大于后者即compare_by_amount为1，则进行倒序排序

Q3、直接用Book rb构造

task3:

pets.hpp

#pragma once

#include<iostream>
#include<string>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::string;//不能忘啊！！ 

class MachinePets{
    protected:
        string nickname;
    public:
        MachinePets(const string &s="");
    public:
        string get_nickname() const;
        virtual string talk() const=0;
};

MachinePets::MachinePets(const string &s):nickname{s}{}

string MachinePets::get_nickname() const{
    return nickname;
}
class PetCats:public MachinePets{
    public:
        PetCats(const string &s="");
    public:
        string talk() const override;
    
};
PetCats::PetCats(const string &s):MachinePets{s}{}
string PetCats::talk() const{
    return "miao wu~";
}
class PetDogs:public MachinePets{
    public:
        PetDogs(const string &s="");
    public:
        string talk() const override;
    
};
PetDogs::PetDogs(const string &s):MachinePets{s}{}
string PetDogs::talk() const{
    return "wang wang~";
}

task3.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include "pets.hpp"

void test() {
    using namespace std;

    vector<MachinePets *> pets;

    pets.push_back(new PetCats("miku"));
    pets.push_back(new PetDogs("da huang"));

    for(auto &ptr: pets)
        cout <<ptr->get_nickname() << " says " << ptr->talk() << endl;
}

int main() {
    test();
}

task4:

film.hpp

#pragma once

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<iomanip>

using namespace::std;

class Film{
    private:
        string name;
        string director;
        string area;
        string year;
    public:
        Film(const string &name="",const string &director="",const string &area="",const string &year="");
        //将其初始化，因为在task.cpp中Film f直接创建了一个新的对象f并且没有初始化 
        static bool compare_by_year(const Film &f1,const Film &f2);
        string get_year() const;//bool成员函数 
        friend istream& operator>>(istream &cin,Film &film);//输入的是影片信息
        friend ostream& operator<<(ostream &cout,const Film &film);//一定要用&
        //修改输入运算符以通过引用传递 Film 对象，从而允许在函数内部对其进行修改，并且这些修改将反映在原始对象上。 
};

Film::Film(const string &name,const string &director,const string &area,const string &year){
    this->name=name;
    this->director=director;
    this->area=area;
    this->year=year;
}
string Film::get_year() const{//一定要是const类型的函数，不能对const的Film扩大 
    return year;
}
bool compare_by_year(const Film &f1,const Film &f2){
    return f1.get_year()<f2.get_year();//升序排序 
}
istream& operator>>(istream &cin,Film &film){
    cout<<"录入片名：";
    cin>>film.name;//再类外引用内部成员一定要及进行额外说明 
    cout<<"录入导演：";
    cin>>film.director;
    cout<<"录入制片国家/地区：";
    cin>>film.area;
    cout<<"录入上映年份：";
    cin>>film.year;
    
    return cin;
    
}
ostream& operator<<(ostream &cout,const Film &film){
    cout<<left;
    cout<<setw(15)<<film.name
        <<setw(15)<<film.director
        <<setw(15)<<film.area
        <<setw(15)<<film.year;
    
    return cout;
}

task4.cpp

#include "film.hpp"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>

void test() {
    using namespace std;
    
    int n;
    cout << "输入电影数目: ";
    cin >> n;

    cout << "录入" << n << "部影片信息" << endl;
    vector<Film> film_lst;
    for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        Film f;
        cout << string(20, '-') << "第" << i+1 << "部影片录入" << string(20, '-') << endl;
        cin >> f;
        film_lst.push_back(f);
    }

    // 按发行年份升序排序
    sort(film_lst.begin(), film_lst.end(), compare_by_year);

    cout << string(20, '=') + "电影信息(按发行年份)" +  string(20, '=')<< endl;
    for(auto &f: film_lst)
        cout << f << endl;
}

int main() {
    test();
}

task5:

Complex.hpp

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<string>

using namespace std;

template<typename T>

class Complex{
    private:
        T real;
        T imag;
    public:
        Complex(T newreal=0,T newimag=0):real{newreal},imag{newimag}{
}
        Complex(const Complex<T>& other):real(other.real),imag(other.imag){
        };
        T get_real() const;
        T get_imag() const;
        
    //成员函数形式的操作符重载不能接受两个显式参数（除了 this 指针之外）
        Complex<T>& operator+=(const Complex<T> &rhs){
        real+=rhs.real;
        imag+=rhs.imag;
        return *this;
}
        Complex<T> operator+(const Complex<T>& other) const{
        return Complex<T>(real+other.real,imag+other.imag);
}
        bool operator==(const Complex<T>&other) const{
    if(real==other.real&&imag==other.imag)
        return true;
    else return false;
}

        friend istream& operator>>(istream &cin,Complex<T> &c){
    cin>>c.real>>c.imag;
    return cin;
}
        friend ostream& operator<<(ostream &cout,const Complex<T> &c){
    cout<<c.real;//const不能少，不然会无法运行 
    if(c.imag>=0)
        cout<<"+";
    cout<< c.imag <<"i";
    return cout;
}
};



template<typename T>
T Complex<T>::get_real() const{
    return real;
}

template<typename T>
T Complex<T>::get_imag() const{
    return imag;
}

task5.cpp

#include "Complex.hpp"
#include <iostream>

using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::boolalpha;

void test1() {
    Complex<int> c1(2, -5), c2(c1);

    cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
    cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
    cout << "c1 + c2 = " << c1 + c2 << endl;
    
    c1 += c2;
    cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
    cout << boolalpha << (c1 == c2) << endl;
}

void test2() {
    Complex<double> c1, c2;
    cout << "Enter c1 and c2: ";
    cin >> c1 >> c2;
    cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
    cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;

    cout << "c1.real = " << c1.get_real() << endl;
    cout << "c1.imag = " << c1.get_imag() << endl;
}

int main() {
    cout << "自定义类模板Complex测试1: " << endl;
    test1();

    cout << endl;

    cout << "自定义类模板Complex测试2: " << endl;
    test2();
}

task6:

date.h

#pragma once

class Date {
private:
    int year;
    int month;
    int day;
    int totalDays;

public:
    Date(int year, int month, int day);
    int getYear() const { return year; }
    int getMonth() const { return month; }
    int getDay() const { return day; }
    int getMaxDay() const;
    bool isLeapYear() const {
        return year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0 || year % 400 == 0;
    }
    void show() const;
    int operator-(const Date& date) const {
        return totalDays - date.totalDays;
    }
};

date.cpp

#include "date.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;

namespace {
    const int DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[] = { 0, 31, 59, 90, 120, 151, 181, 212, 243, 273, 304, 334, 365 };
}

Date::Date(int year, int month, int day) : year(year), month(month), day(day) {
    if (day <= 0 || day > getMaxDay()) {
        cout << "Invalid date: ";
        show();
        cout << endl;
        exit(1);
    }
    int years = year - 1;
    totalDays = years * 365 + years / 4 - years / 100 + years / 400 + DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month - 1] + day;
    if (isLeapYear() && month > 2) totalDays++;
}

int Date::getMaxDay() const {
    if (isLeapYear() && month == 2)
        return 29;
    else return DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month] - DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month - 1];
}

void Date::show() const {
    cout << getYear() << "-" << getMonth() << "-" << getDay();
}

accumulator.h

#pragma once
#include "date.h"

class Accumulator {
private:
    Date lastDate;
    double value;
    double sum;

public:
    Accumulator(const Date& date, double value) : lastDate(date), value(value), sum{ 0 } {}

    double getSum(const Date& date) const {
        return sum + value * (date - lastDate);
    }

    void change(const Date& date, double value) {
        sum = getSum(date);
        lastDate = date;
        this->value = value;
    }

    void reset(const Date& date, double value) {
        lastDate = date;
        this->value = value;
        sum = 0;
    }
};

account.h

#pragma once
#include "date.h"
#include "accumulator.h"
#include <string>
using namespace std;

class Account {
private:
    string id;
    double balance;
    static double total;
protected:
    Account(const Date& date, const string& id);
    void record(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc);
    void error(const string& msg) const;
public:
    const string& getId() { return id; }
    double getBalance() const { return balance; }
    static double getTotal() { return total; }
    virtual void deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) = 0;
    virtual void withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) = 0;
    virtual void settle(const Date& date) = 0;
    virtual void show() const;
};

class SavingsAccount : public Account {
private:
    Accumulator acc;
    double rate;
public:
    SavingsAccount(const Date& date, const string& id, double rate);
    double getRate() const { return rate; }
    void deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc);
    void withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc);
    void settle(const Date& date);
};

class CreditAccount : public Account {
private:
    Accumulator acc;
    double credit;
    double rate;
    double fee;
    double getDebt() const {
        double balance = getBalance();
        return (balance < 0 ? balance : 0);
    }
public:
    CreditAccount(const Date& date, const string& id, double credit, double rate, double fee);
    double getCredit() const { return credit; }
    double getRate() const { return rate; }
    double getFee() const { return fee; }
    double getAvailableCredit() const {
        if (getBalance() < 0) return credit + getBalance();
        else return credit;
    }
    void deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc);
    void withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc);
    void settle(const Date& date);
    void show() const;
};

account.cpp

#include "account.h"
#include <cmath>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

double Account::total = 0;

Account::Account(const Date& date, const string& id) : id(id), balance(0) {
    date.show();
    cout << "\t#" << id << " created" << endl;
}

void Account::record(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
    amount = floor(amount * 100 + 0.5) / 100;
    balance += amount;
    total += amount;
    date.show();
    cout << "\t#" << id << "\t" << amount << "\t" << balance << "\t" << desc << endl;
}

void Account::show() const {
    cout << id << "\tBalance: " << balance;
}

void Account::error(const string& msg) const {
    cout << "Error (#" << id << "): " << msg << endl;
}

SavingsAccount::SavingsAccount(const Date& date, const string& id, double rate)
    : Account(date, id), rate(rate), acc(date, 0) {}

void SavingsAccount::deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
    record(date, amount, desc);
    acc.change(date, getBalance());
}

void SavingsAccount::withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
    if (amount > getBalance()) {
        error("not enough money");
    }
    else {
        record(date, -amount, desc);
        acc.change(date, getBalance());
    }
}

void SavingsAccount::settle(const Date& date) {
    double interest = acc.getSum(date) * rate / (date - Date(date.getYear() - 1, 1, 1));
    if (interest != 0) record(date, interest, "interest");
    acc.reset(date, getBalance());
}

CreditAccount::CreditAccount(const Date& date, const string& id, double credit, double rate, double fee)
    : Account(date, id), credit(credit), rate(rate), fee(fee), acc(date, 0) {}

void CreditAccount::deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
    record(date, amount, desc);
    acc.change(date, getDebt());
}

void CreditAccount::withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
    if (amount - getBalance() > credit) {
        error("not enough credit");
    }
    else {
        record(date, -amount, desc);
        acc.change(date, getDebt());
    }
}

void CreditAccount::settle(const Date& date) {
    double interest = acc.getSum(date) * rate;
    if (interest != 0) record(date, interest, "interest");
    if (date.getMonth() == 1) record(date, -fee, "annual fee");
    acc.reset(date, getDebt());
}

void CreditAccount::show() const {
    Account::show();
    cout << "\tAvailable credit: " << getAvailableCredit();
}

task6.cpp

#include "account.h"
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    Date date(2008, 11, 1);
    SavingsAccount sa1(date, "S3755217", 0.015);
    SavingsAccount sa2(date, "02342342", 0.015);
    CreditAccount ca(date, "C5392394", 10000, 0.0005, 50);
    Account* accounts[] = { &sa1, &sa2, &ca };
    const int n = sizeof(accounts) / sizeof(Account*);
    cout << "(d)deposit (w)withdraw (s)show (c)change day (n)next month (e)exit" << endl;
    char cmd;
    do {
        date.show();
        cout << "\tTotal:" << Account::getTotal() << "\tcommand>";
        int index, day;
        double amount;
        string desc;
        cin >> cmd;
        switch (cmd) {
        case 'd':
            cin >> index >> amount;
            getline(cin, desc);
            accounts[index]->deposit(date, amount, desc);
            break;
        case 'w':
            cin >> index >> amount;
            getline(cin, desc);
            accounts[index]->withdraw(date, amount, desc);
            break;
        case 's':
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                cout << "[" << i << "]";
                accounts[i]->show();
                cout << endl;
            }
            break;
        case 'c':
            cin >> day;
            if (day < date.getDay()) {
                cout << "You cannot specify a previous day";
            }
            else if (day > date.getMaxDay())
                cout << "Invalid day";
            else date = Date(date.getYear(), date.getMonth(), day);
            break;
        case 'n':
            if (date.getMonth() == 12)
                date = Date(date.getYear() + 1, 1, 1);
            else date = Date(date.getYear(), date.getMonth() + 1, 1);
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                accounts[i]->settle(date);
            }
            break;
        }
    } while (cmd != 'e');
    return 0;
}

发表于 2024-12-05 17:13 Karis_thy 阅读(5) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报