模板特化

template<class T>
class Compare
{
public:
    static bool IsEqual(const T& lh, const T& rh)
    {
        return lh == rh;
    }
};

1) 特化为绝对类型

     int i1 = 10;
     int i2 = 10;
     bool r1 = Compare<int>::IsEqual(i1,i2);

2) 特化为引用，指针类型

int* p1 = &i1;
int* p2 = &i2;
bool r4 = Compare<int*>::IsEqual(p1,p2);

3) 特化为另外一个类模板

vector<int> v1;
v1.push_back(1);
v1.push_back(2);

vector<int> v2;
v2.push_back(1);
v2.push_back(2);
bool r5 = Compare<vector<int> >::IsEqual(v1, v2);

 

类模板全特化和偏特化

template<typename T1, typename T2>  
class Test  
{  
public:  
    Test(T1 i,T2 j):a(i),b(j){cout<<"模板类"<<endl;}  
private:  
    T1 a;  
    T2 b;  
};  
  
template<>  
class Test<int , char>  
{  
public:  
    Test(int i, char j):a(i),b(j){cout<<"全特化"<<endl;}  
private:  
    int a;  
    char b;  
};  
  
template <typename T2>  
class Test<char, T2>  
{  
public:  
    Test(char i, T2 j):a(i),b(j){cout<<"偏特化"<<endl;}  
private:  
    char a;  
    T2 b;  
};  

函数模板置支持全特化

//模板函数   
template<typename T1, typename T2>  
void fun(T1 a , T2 b)  
{  
    cout<<"模板函数"<<endl;  
}  
  
//全特化   
template<>  
void fun<int ,char >(int a, char b)  
{  
    cout<<"全特化"<<endl;  
}  
  
//函数不存在偏特化：下面的代码是错误的   
/* 
template<typename T2> 
void fun<char,T2>(char a, T2 b) 
{ 
    cout<<"偏特化"<<endl; 
} 
*/