Git010--解决冲突
Git--解决冲突
本文来自于:https://www.liaoxuefeng.com/wiki/0013739516305929606dd18361248578c67b8067c8c017b000/001375840202368c74be33fbd884e71b570f2cc3c0d1dcf000
Step1:准备新的feature1
分支,继续我们的新分支开发:
//创建并切换分支 $ git checkout -b feature1 Switched to a new branch 'feature1'
修改readme.txt最后一行,改为:
Creating a new branch is quick AND simple.
在feature1
分支上提交:
//将修改添加到暂存区并提交 $ git add readme.txt $ git commit -m "AND simple" [feature1 75a857c] AND simple 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
切换到master
分支:
//切换分支 $ git checkout master Switched to branch 'master' Your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 1 commit.
Git还会自动提示我们当前master
分支比远程的master
分支要超前1个提交。
在master
分支上把readme.txt文件的最后一行改为:
Creating a new branch is quick & simple.
提交:
$ git add readme.txt $ git commit -m "& simple" [master 400b400] & simple 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
现在,master
分支和feature1
分支各自都分别有新的提交,变成了这样:
这种情况下,Git无法执行“快速合并”,只能试图把各自的修改合并起来,但这种合并就可能会有冲突,我们试试看:
//将feature1分支合并到当前分支 $ git merge feature1 Auto-merging readme.txt CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in readme.txt Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.
果然冲突了!Git告诉我们,readme.txt文件存在冲突,必须手动解决冲突后再提交。git status
也可以告诉我们冲突的文件:
$ git status # On branch master # Your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 2 commits. # # Unmerged paths: # (use "git add/rm <file>..." as appropriate to mark resolution) # # both modified: readme.txt # no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
我们可以直接查看readme.txt的内容:
Git is a distributed version control system. Git is free software distributed under the GPL. Git has a mutable index called stage. Git tracks changes of files. <<<<<<< HEAD Creating a new branch is quick & simple. ======= Creating a new branch is quick AND simple. >>>>>>> feature1
Git用<<<<<<<
,=======
,>>>>>>>
标记出不同分支的内容,我们修改如下后保存:
Creating a new branch is quick and simple.
再提交:
$ git add readme.txt $ git commit -m "conflict fixed" [master 59bc1cb] conflict fixed
现在,master
分支和feature1
分支变成了下图所示:
用带参数的git log
也可以看到分支的合并情况:
$ git log --graph --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit * 59bc1cb conflict fixed |\ | * 75a857c AND simple * | 400b400 & simple |/ * fec145a branch test ...
最后,删除feature1
分支:
$ git branch -d feature1
Deleted branch feature1 (was 75a857c).
示例:
冲突文件
小结
当Git无法自动合并分支时,就必须首先解决冲突。解决冲突后,再提交,合并完成。
用git log --graph
命令可以看到分支合并图。
相关Git学习参考博客:
https://blog.csdn.net/xiaohanluo/article/details/53214933
Git教程,里面有介绍到Git的工作原理,可以仔细阅读。
Git Community Book 中文版介绍了Git具体使用,这本书也是关于Git的一本好书。
Git练习,实战练习Git的各种指令