Flink 案例分析

Flink程序的执行过程

no-desc 说明 详情
1-env 获取flink的执行环境

批处理:ExecutionEnvironment env = ExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();

流处理:StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();

2-source 加载数据 1) socketTextStream – 读取Socket 数据流
​2) readTextFile() – 逐行读取文本文件获取数据流,每行都返回字符串
3) fromCollection() – 从集合中创建数据流
​4) fromElements() – 从给定的数据对象创建数据流,所有数据类型要一致
​5) addSource() – 添加新的源函数,例如从kafka 中读取数据,参见读取kafka 数据案例
3-transformation 对加载的数据进行转换  
4-sink 对结果进行保存或者打印 1) writeAsText() – 以字符串的形式逐行写入文件,调用每个元素的toString()得到写入的字符串
2) writeAsCsv() – 将元组写出以逗号分隔的csv 文件。注意:只能作用到元组数据上
​3) print() – 控制台直接输出结果,调用对象的toString()方法得到输出结果。
​4) addSink() – 自定义接收函数。例如将结果保存到kafka 中,参见kafka 案例
5-execute 触发flink程序的执行 代码流程必须符合 source ->transformation -> sink transformation 都是执行,需要最后使用env.execute()或者使用 print(),count(),collect() 触发执行

注意

Flink编程不是基于K,V格式的编程,通过某些方式来指定虚拟key

Flink中的tuple最多支持25个元素,每个元素是从0开始

算子

中间处理、转换的环节是通过不同的算子完成的。

算子将一个或多个DataStream转换为新的DataStream

转型描述
Map
DataStream→DataStream

采用一个数据元并生成一个数据元。一个map函数,它将输入流的值加倍:

DataStream<Integer> dataStream = //...
dataStream.map(new MapFunction<Integer, Integer>() {
    @Override
    public Integer map(Integer value) throws Exception {
        return 2 * value;
    }
});
FlatMap
DataStream→DataStream

采用一个数据元并生成零个,一个或多个数据元。将句子分割为单词的flatmap函数:

dataStream.flatMap(new FlatMapFunction<String, String>() {
    @Override
    public void flatMap(String value, Collector<String> out)
        throws Exception {
        for(String word: value.split(" ")){
            out.collect(word);
        }
    }
});
Filter
DataStream→DataStream

计算每个数据元的布尔函数,并保存函数返回true的数据元。过滤掉零值的过滤器:

dataStream.filter(new FilterFunction<Integer>() {
    @Override
    public boolean filter(Integer value) throws Exception {
        return value != 0;
    }
});    
KeyBy
DataStream→KeyedStream

逻辑上将流分区为不相交的分区。具有相同Keys的所有记录都分配给同一分区。在内部,keyBy()是使用散列分区实现的。指定键有不同的方法

此转换返回KeyedStream,其中包括使用被Keys化状态所需KeyedStream

dataStream.keyBy("someKey") // Key by field "someKey"
dataStream.keyBy(0) // Key by the first element of a Tuple
    

注意 如果出现以下情况,则类型不能成为关键

  1. 它是POJO类型但不覆盖hashCode()方法并依赖于Object.hashCode()实现。
  2. 它是任何类型的数组。
Reduce
KeyedStream→DataStream

被Keys化数据流上的“滚动”Reduce。将当前数据元与最后一个Reduce的值组合并发出新值。

reduce函数,用于创建部分和的流:

keyedStream.reduce(new ReduceFunction<Integer>() {
    @Override
    public Integer reduce(Integer value1, Integer value2)
    throws Exception {
        return value1 + value2;
    }
});

案例1: 元素处理

env: 批

Source:fromElements

Sink:print

算子:Map

public class MapTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ExecutionEnvironment env = ExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();

        DataSet<Integer> dataSet = env.fromElements(1, 2, -3, 0, 5, -9, 8);
        DataSet<Integer> dataSet2 = dataSet.map(new Tokenizer());
//        DataSet<Integer> dataSet2 = dataSet.map(i->i * 2);
        dataSet2.print();
    }

    public static class Tokenizer implements MapFunction<Integer, Integer> {
        @Override
        public Integer map(Integer in) {
            return in * 2;
        }
    }
}

案例2: 词频统计

env: 批

Source:readTextFile 

Sink:writeAsCsv

算子:Map

public class SocketWindowWordCountJava {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ExecutionEnvironment env = ExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();

        DataSet<String> dataSet = env.readTextFile("/yourpath/in.txt");

        DataSet<Tuple2<String, Integer>> counts =
                // split up the lines in pairs (2-tuples) containing: (word,1)
                dataSet.flatMap(new Tokenizer())
                        // group by the tuple field "0" and sum up tuple field "1"
                        .groupBy(0)
                        .sum(1);

        String outputPath = "/yourpath/out.txt";
        counts.writeAsCsv(outputPath, "\n", " ");
        env.execute("myflink");
    }

    public static class Tokenizer implements FlatMapFunction<String, Tuple2<String, Integer>> {
        @Override
        public void flatMap(String value, Collector<Tuple2<String, Integer>> out) {
            String[] tokens = value.split(" ");
            // emit the pairs
            for (String token : tokens) {
                if (token.length() > 0) {
                    out.collect(new Tuple2<String, Integer>(token, 1));
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

案例3:数据流汇总

env: 流

Source:addSource

Sink:print

算子:keyBy、Reduce

public class ReduceTest {
    private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ReduceTest.class);
    private static final String[] TYPE = {"苹果", "梨", "西瓜", "葡萄", "火龙果"};

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        final StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();

        //添加自定义数据源,每秒发出一笔订单信息{商品名称,商品数量}
        DataStreamSource<Tuple2<String, Integer>> orderSource = env.addSource(new SourceFunction<Tuple2<String, Integer>>() {
            private volatile boolean isRunning = true;
            private final Random random = new Random();

            @Override
            public void run(SourceContext<Tuple2<String, Integer>> ctx) throws Exception {
                while (isRunning) {
                    TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
                    ctx.collect(Tuple2.of(TYPE[random.nextInt(TYPE.length)], 1));
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void cancel() {
                isRunning = false;
            }

        }, "order-info");

        orderSource.keyBy(0)
                //将上一元素与当前元素相加后,返回给下一元素处理
                .reduce(new ReduceFunction<Tuple2<String, Integer>>() {
                    @Override
                    public Tuple2<String, Integer> reduce(Tuple2<String, Integer> value1, Tuple2<String, Integer> value2)
                            throws Exception {
                        return Tuple2.of(value1.f0, value1.f1 + value2.f1);
                    }
                })
                .print();

        env.execute("Flink Streaming Java API Skeleton");
    }
}

 

Source:readTextFile 

Sink:writeAsCsv

算子:Map

参考

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40929921/article/details/99603150

https://flink.sojb.cn/dev/stream/operators/

posted @ 2020-09-23 12:48  jihite  阅读(1815)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报