ubuntu系统调整时区和时间

date： 2019-05-30  10:14:23

author：headsen  chen

个人原创博客，转录需要注明作者和出处。

1,安装ntpdate，同步标准时间

root@hk-confluence:~# apt-get install ntpdate
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
ntpdate is already the newest version.
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  linux-image-4.4.0-142-generic linux-image-4.4.0-143-generic
  linux-image-extra-4.4.0-142-generic linux-modules-4.4.0-143-generic
  linux-modules-extra-4.4.0-143-generic linux-modules-extra-4.4.0-144-generic

2，进行时间同步报错：时间程序正在使用

root@hk-confluence:~# ntpdate pool.ntp.org
30 May 02:05:42 ntpdate[3388]: the NTP socket is in use, exiting

# 报不认识的服务
root@hk-confluence:~# service ntpd stop
ntpd: unrecognized service
root@hk-confluence:~# systemctl ntpd stop
systemctl: command not found
root@hk-confluence:~# cat /etc/issue
Ubuntu 14.04.5 LTS \n \l

# 采用杀进程的办法来关闭程序
root@hk-confluence:~# ps -ef |grep ntp
ntp       2590     1  0 May23 ?        00:00:35 /usr/sbin/ntpd -p /var/run/ntpd.pid -g -c /var/lib/ntp/ntp.conf.dhcp -u 106:111
root      3457  3332  0 02:07 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto ntp
root@hk-confluence:~# kill -9 2590

# 再次进行时间同步
root@hk-confluence:~# which ntpd
/usr/sbin/ntpd
root@hk-confluence:~# /usr/sbin/ntpdate ntp.api.bz
30 May 02:08:27 ntpdate[3489]: adjust time server 17.253.84.125 offset -0.000032 sec
root@hk-confluence:~# date
Thu May 30 02:08:29 UTC 2019
# 发现时区不对

3，修改时区

root@hk-confluence:~# tzselect
Please identify a location so that time zone rules can be set correctly.
Please select a continent, ocean, "coord", or "TZ".
 1) Africa
 2) Americas
 3) Antarctica
 4) Arctic Ocean
 5) Asia
 6) Atlantic Ocean
 7) Australia
 8) Europe
 9) Indian Ocean
10) Pacific Ocean
11) coord - I want to use geographical coordinates.
12) TZ - I want to specify the time zone using the Posix TZ format.
#? 5
Please select a country whose clocks agree with yours.
 1) Afghanistan          18) Israel            35) Palestine
 2) Armenia          19) Japan            36) Philippines
 3) Azerbaijan          20) Jordan            37) Qatar
 4) Bahrain          21) Kazakhstan        38) Russia
 5) Bangladesh          22) Korea (North)        39) Saudi Arabia
 6) Bhutan          23) Korea (South)        40) Singapore
 7) Brunei          24) Kuwait            41) Sri Lanka
 8) Cambodia          25) Kyrgyzstan        42) Syria
 9) China          26) Laos            43) Taiwan
10) Cyprus          27) Lebanon            44) Tajikistan
11) East Timor          28) Macau            45) Thailand
12) Georgia          29) Malaysia            46) Turkmenistan
13) Hong Kong          30) Mongolia            47) United Arab Emirates
14) India          31) Myanmar (Burma)        48) Uzbekistan
15) Indonesia          32) Nepal            49) Vietnam
16) Iran          33) Oman            50) Yemen
17) Iraq          34) Pakistan
#? 9
Please select one of the following time zone regions.
1) Beijing Time
2) Xinjiang Time
#? 1

The following information has been given:

    China
    Beijing Time

Therefore TZ='Asia/Shanghai' will be used.
Local time is now:    Thu May 30 10:09:37 CST 2019.
Universal Time is now:    Thu May 30 02:09:37 UTC 2019.
Is the above information OK?
1) Yes
2) No
#? yes
Please enter a number in range.
#? 1

You can make this change permanent for yourself by appending the line
    TZ='Asia/Shanghai'; export TZ
to the file '.profile' in your home directory; then log out and log in again.

Here is that TZ value again, this time on standard output so that you
can use the /usr/bin/tzselect command in shell scripts:
Asia/Shanghai

4，保存时区文件，使他生效

root@hk-confluence:~# date
Thu May 30 02:09:47 UTC 2019
root@hk-confluence:~# cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
root@hk-confluence:~# date
Thu May 30 10:12:03 CST 2019
root@hk-confluence:~# 

5，保存到系统底层

root@hk-confluence:~# hwclock --systohc