题目链接：http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=4908


BestCoder Sequence

Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 32768/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 618    Accepted Submission(s): 214


Problem Description
Mr Potato is a coder.
Mr Potato is the BestCoder.

One night, an amazing sequence appeared in his dream. Length of this sequence is odd, the median number is M, and he named this sequence asBestcoder Sequence.

As the best coder, Mr potato has strong curiosity, he wonder the number of consecutive sub-sequences which arebestcoder sequences in a given permutation of 1 ~ N.
 
Input
Input contains multiple test cases.
For each test case, there is a pair of integers N and M in the first line, and an permutation of 1 ~ N in the second line.

[Technical Specification]
1. 1 <= N <= 40000
2. 1 <= M <= N
 
Output
For each case, you should output the number of consecutive sub-sequences which are theBestcoder Sequences.
 
Sample Input
1 1
1
5 3
4 5 3 2 1
 

Sample Output
1
3


Hint

For the second case, {3},{5,3,2},{4,5,3,2,1} are Bestcoder Sequence.
 
Source
BestCoder Round #3
 
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题意：给定N和M，N为序列的长度。由1~N组成。求有多少连续的子序列是以M为中位数，且长度为奇数。

代码例如以下：
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
#define mid 40000
#define MAXN 100017
int dp[MAXN], num[MAXN];
void init()
{
	memset(dp,0,sizeof(dp));
	memset(num,0,sizeof(num));
}
int main()
{
	int n, m;
	int i, j;
	while(~scanf("%d%d",&n,&m))
	{
		init();
		int t = 0;
		for(i = 1; i <= n; i++)
		{
			scanf("%d",&num[i]);
			if(num[i] == m)//记录m位置
				t = i;
		}
		int cont = 0;
		for(i = t+1; i <= n; i++)
		{
			if(num[i] > m)//大的加
				cont++;
			else		  //小的减
				cont--;
			dp[cont+mid]++;//记录出现该状态的次数
		}
		cont = ++dp[mid];//当状态数为mid。才满足中位数
		int tt = 0;
		for(i = t-1; i >= 1; i--)
		{
			if(num[i] > m)
				tt++;
			else
				tt--;
			cont+=dp[-tt+mid];//状态相加为mid的个数
		}
		printf("%d\n",cont);
	}
	return 0;
}


再贴一张和上面思路同样但做法不同的代码（系转载）

将大于M的数标记为1，小于M的数标记为-1。M本身标记
为0，则题目就是要求和为0而且包含M的连续序列的个数。
用sum_i表示从第一个数到第i个数的标记的和。对于全部大
于等于M的位置的i，我们要求小于M的位置的sum_j
== sum_i的个数的和即为答案。

代码例如以下：

#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cmath>
#define MAXN  50000
using namespace std;
int num[MAXN+10],sum[MAXN+10],a[MAXN+10+MAXN];
int main()
{
    int M,N,M_id;
    while (scanf("%d %d",&N,&M)!=EOF)
    {
        memset(a,0,sizeof(a));
        memset(sum,0,sizeof(sum));
        memset(num,0,sizeof(num));
        num[0]=sum[0]=0;
        for (int i=1;i<=N;i++)
        {
            int tmp;
            scanf("%d",&tmp);
            if (tmp>M) num[i]=1;
            else if (tmp==M) num[i]=0,M_id=i;
            else num[i]=-1;
            sum[i]=sum[i-1]+num[i];
        }
        int cnt=0;
        for (int j=0;j<=M_id-1;j++)
            a[sum[j]+MAXN]++;
        for (int i=M_id;i<=N;i++)
            cnt+=a[sum[i]+MAXN];
        printf("%d\n",cnt);
    }
    return 0;
}