实验13：享元模式
实验13：享元模式
本次实验属于模仿型实验，通过本次实验学生将掌握以下内容：
1、理解享元模式的动机，掌握该模式的结构；
2、能够利用享元模式解决实际问题。
[实验任务一]：围棋
设计一个围棋软件，在系统中只存在一个白棋对象和一个黑棋对象，但是它们可以在棋盘的不同位置显示多次。
实验要求：
1.提交类图；
2.提交源代码；
JAVA
package rjsj.no13;
/**
* 客户端测试类
*
*/
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
IgoChessman black1,black2,black3,white1,white2;
IgoChessmanFactory factory;
factory = IgoChessmanFactory.getInstance();
black1 = factory.getIgoChessman("b");
black2 = factory.getIgoChessman("b");
black3 = factory.getIgoChessman("b");
System.out.println("判断两颗黑棋是否相同："+(black1==black2));
white1 = factory.getIgoChessman("w");
white2 = factory.getIgoChessman("w");
System.out.println("判断两颗白棋是否相同："+(white1==white2));
black1.locate(new Coordinates(1, 1));
black2.locate(new Coordinates(2, 4));
black3.locate(new Coordinates(2, 3));
white1.locate(new Coordinates(3, 5));
white2.locate(new Coordinates(2, 6));
}
}
package rjsj.no13;
/**
* 坐标类：外部状态类
*
*/
public class Coordinates {
private int x;
private int y;
public Coordinates(int x,int y) {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
}
public int getX() {
return x;
}
public void setX(int x) {
this.x = x;
}
public int getY() {
return y;
}
public void setY(int y) {
this.y = y;
}
}
package rjsj.no13;
/**
* 围棋棋子类：抽象享元类
*
*/
public abstract class IgoChessman {
public abstract String getColor();
public void locate(Coordinates coord){
System.out.println("棋子颜色："+this.getColor()+",棋子位置："+coord.getX()+","+coord.getY());
}
}
/**
* 黑色棋子类：具体享元类
* @author fly
*
*/
class BlackIgoChessman extends IgoChessman{
@Override
public String getColor() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return "黑色";
}
}
/**
* 白色棋子类：具体享元类
* @author fly
*
*/
class WhiteIgoChessman extends IgoChessman{
@Override
public String getColor() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return "白色";
}
}
package rjsj.no13;
import java.util.Hashtable;
/**
* 围棋棋子工厂类：享元工厂类
*
*/
public class IgoChessmanFactory {
private static IgoChessmanFactory instance = new IgoChessmanFactory();
private static Hashtable ht;
public IgoChessmanFactory() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
ht = new Hashtable();
IgoChessman black,white;
black = new BlackIgoChessman();
ht.put("b", black);
white = new WhiteIgoChessman();
ht.put("w", white);
}
public static IgoChessmanFactory getInstance(){
return instance;
}
public static IgoChessman getIgoChessman(String color){
return (IgoChessman)ht.get(color);
}
}
C++
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
typedef struct Coordinates{
int x;
int y;
Coordinates(){}
Coordinates(int a, int b){x=a;y=b;}
bool operator <(const Coordinates& other) const{
if (x<other.x) return true;
else if (x==other.x) return y<other.y;
return false;
}
}POINT;
typedef enum PieceColorTag{
BLACK,
WHITE
}PIECECOLOR;
class CPiece{
public:
CPiece(PIECECOLOR color) : m_color(color){}
PIECECOLOR GetColor() { return m_color; }
void SetPoint(POINT point) { m_point = point; }
POINT GetPoint() { return m_point; }
protected:
PIECECOLOR m_color;
POINT m_point;
};
class CGomoku : public CPiece{
public:
CGomoku(PIECECOLOR color) : CPiece(color){}
};
class IgoChessmanFactory{
public:
CPiece *GetPiece(PIECECOLOR color){
CPiece *pPiece = NULL;
if (m_vecPiece.empty()){
pPiece = new CGomoku(color);
m_vecPiece.push_back(pPiece);
}
else{
for (vector<CPiece *>::iterator it = m_vecPiece.begin(); it != m_vecPiece.end(); ++it){
if ((*it)->GetColor() == color){
pPiece = *it;
break;
}
}
if (pPiece == NULL){
pPiece = new CGomoku(color);
m_vecPiece.push_back(pPiece);
}
}
return pPiece;
}
~IgoChessmanFactory(){
for (vector<CPiece *>::iterator it = m_vecPiece.begin(); it != m_vecPiece.end(); ++it){
if (*it != NULL){
delete *it;
*it = NULL;
}
}
}
private:
vector<CPiece *> m_vecPiece;
};
class IgoChessman{
public:
void Draw(CPiece *piece){
if (piece->GetColor()){
cout<<"白色棋子位置："<<piece->GetPoint().x<<","<<piece->GetPoint().y<<endl;
}
else{
cout<<"黑色棋子位置："<<piece->GetPoint().x<<","<<piece->GetPoint().y<<endl;
}
m_mapPieces.insert(pair<POINT, CPiece *>(piece->GetPoint(), piece));
}
void ShowAllPieces(){
for (map<POINT, CPiece *>::iterator it = m_mapPieces.begin(); it != m_mapPieces.end(); ++it){
if (it->second->GetColor()){
cout<<"("<<it->first.x<<","<<it->first.y<<")白色棋子"<<endl;
}
else{
cout<<"("<<it->first.x<<","<<it->first.y<<")黑色棋子"<<endl;
}
}
}
private:
map<POINT, CPiece *> m_mapPieces;
};
int main(){
IgoChessmanFactory *pPieceFactory = new IgoChessmanFactory();
IgoChessman *pCheseboard = new IgoChessman();
CPiece *pPiece = pPieceFactory->GetPiece(WHITE);
pPiece->SetPoint(POINT(1, 1));
pCheseboard->Draw(pPiece);
pPiece = pPieceFactory->GetPiece(BLACK);
pPiece->SetPoint(POINT(3, 5));
pCheseboard->Draw(pPiece);
pPiece = pPieceFactory->GetPiece(WHITE);
pPiece->SetPoint(POINT(2, 2));
pCheseboard->Draw(pPiece);
pPiece = pPieceFactory->GetPiece(BLACK);
pPiece->SetPoint(POINT(1, 4));
pCheseboard->Draw(pPiece);
}
