RMAN Catalog创建、配置和管理
2015-10-09 18:01 AlfredZhao 阅读(6943) 评论(0) 编辑 收藏 举报环境:RHEL6.4 + Oracle 11.2.0.4
一、创建数据库catdb
1.1 官档的建库脚本示例
CREATE DATABASE mynewdb
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY sys_password
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY system_password
LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/logs/my/redo01a.log','/u02/logs/my/redo01b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 ('/u01/logs/my/redo02a.log','/u02/logs/my/redo02b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 ('/u01/logs/my/redo03a.log','/u02/logs/my/redo03b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512
MAXLOGFILES 5
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXLOGHISTORY 1
MAXDATAFILES 100
CHARACTER SET US7ASCII
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
DEFAULT TABLESPACE users
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/users01.dbf'
SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1
TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/temp01.dbf'
SIZE 20M REUSE
UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/undotbs01.dbf'
SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;
1.2 根据我实际环境修改如下项
sys_password -> oracle
system_password -> oracle
US7ASCII -> ZHS16GBK
mynewdb -> catdb
/u01/logs/my -> /u01/redologs/a
/u02/logs/my -> /u01/redologs/b
/u01/app/oracle/oradata -> /u01/oradata03
可以vi批量替换,比如:%s#/u01/logs/my#/u01/redologs/a#g
替换所有/u01/logs/my
为/u01/redologs/a
。
修改完如下:
vi /home/oracle/create_db.sql
CREATE DATABASE catdb
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY oracle
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY oracle
LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/redologs/a/redo01a.log','/u01/redologs/b/redo01b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 ('/u01/redologs/a/redo02a.log','/u01/redologs/b/redo02b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 ('/u01/redologs/a/redo03a.log','/u01/redologs/b/redo03b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512
MAXLOGFILES 5
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXLOGHISTORY 1
MAXDATAFILES 100
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
DATAFILE '/u01/oradata03/catdb/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/oradata03/catdb/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
DEFAULT TABLESPACE users
DATAFILE '/u01/oradata03/catdb/users01.dbf'
SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1
TEMPFILE '/u01/oradata03/catdb/temp01.dbf'
SIZE 20M REUSE
UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs
DATAFILE '/u01/oradata03/catdb/undotbs01.dbf'
SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;
1.3 创建必要目录并赋予权限
#redologs和datafiles
mkdir -p /u01/redologs/a && mkdir -p /u01/redologs/b && mkdir -p /u01/oradata03/catdb
chown oracle:oinstall /u01/redologs/a /u01/redologs/b /u01/oradata03/catdb
#controlfiles
mkdir -p /u01/system/catdb && mkdir -p /u02/system/catdb && mkdir -p /u03/system/catdb
chown oracle:oinstall /u01/system/catdb /u02/system/catdb /u03/system/catdb
1.4 执行脚本建库
1.4.1 声明ORACLE_SID变量
export ORACLE_SID=catdb
1.4.2 编辑初始化参数文件
vi $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init$ORACLE_SID.ora
DB_NAME=catdb
CONTROL_FILES=('/u01/system/catdb/control01.ctl','/u02/system/catdb/control02.ctl','/u03/system/catdb/control03.ctl')
MEMORY_TARGET=1G
1.4.3 创建服务器参数文件并启动实例
创建服务器参数文件,以服务器参数文件启动数据库
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
SQL> startup nomount
1.4.4 运行建库脚本建库
SQL> @/home/oracle/create_db.sql
Database created.
然后执行以下脚本:
@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
conn system/oracle
@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql
1.4.5 配置tnsnames.ora
CATDB =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = JY-DB02)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = catdb)
)
)
二、配置catdb为catalog数据库
2.1 创建表空间
CREATE TABLESPACE TOOLS DATAFILE '/u01/oradata03/catdb/tools.dbf' SIZE 15M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 15M MAXSIZE 1500M;
2.2 创建用户
CREATE USER rman IDENTIFIED BY rman
TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1
DEFAULT TABLESPACE tools
QUOTA UNLIMITED ON tools;
GRANT RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER TO rman;
2.3 创建CATALOG
$ rman catalog rman/rman
RMAN> CREATE CATALOG;
2.4 目标数据库注册到CATALOG
在目标数据库执行:rman TARGET / CATALOG rman@catdb
REGISTER DATABASE;
三、管理catalog数据库
3.1 创建和管理VPC(virtual private catalogs)
### 3.1.1 创建表空间,用户,赋权 ###create tablespace vpcusers datafile '/u01/oradata03/catdb/vpcusers01.dbf' size 30M autoextend on maxsize 300M;
CREATE USER vpc1 IDENTIFIED BY vpc1 DEFAULT TABLESPACE vpcusers QUOTA UNLIMITED ON vpcusers;
GRANT recovery_catalog_owner TO vpc1;
3.1.2 恢复目录所有者RMAN登录赋予vpc1用户注册数据库权限
$ rman catalog rman/rman@catdb
RMAN> GRANT REGISTER DATABASE TO vpc1;
3.1.3 虚拟专用目录RMAN登录创建虚拟CATALOG
RMAN> CONNECT CATALOG vpc1@catdb;
RMAN> CREATE VIRTUAL CATALOG;
如果是10.2版本或更早,需要SQL下执行存储过程创建:
SQL> EXECUTE base_catalog_owner.DBMS_RCVCAT.CREATE_VIRTUAL_CATALOG;
3.1.4 恢复目录所有者RMAN登录赋予vpc1用户已注册数据库的访问权限
$ rman catalog rman/rman@catdb
RMAN> GRANT CATALOG FOR DATABASE jingyu TO vpc1;
3.2 创建和管理存储脚本
首先连接到目标数据库和恢复目录。 ### 3.2.1 创建全局脚本 ###CREATE GLOBAL SCRIPT global_full_backup
{
BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG;
DELETE OBSOLETE;
}
你可以创建脚本时同时加上描述性的注释,比如:
CREATE GLOBAL SCRIPT global_full_backup
COMMENT 'use only with ARCHIVELOG mode databases'
{
BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG;
DELETE OBSOLETE;
}
3.2.2 创建本地脚本
CREATE SCRIPT full_backup
{
BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG;
DELETE OBSOLETE;
}
创建脚本还可以从已有脚本文本文件获取:
CREATE SCRIPT full_backup
FROM FILE '/tmp/my_script_file.txt';
3.2.3 替换存储脚本
REPLACE GLOBAL SCRIPT global_full_backup
COMMENT 'A script for full backup to be used with any database'
{
BACKUP AS BACKUPSET DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG;
}
3.2.4 执行存储脚本
RUN
{
EXECUTE GLOBAL SCRIPT global_full_backup;
}
RUN
{
EXECUTE SCRIPT global_full_backup;
}
如果没有本地脚本是global_full_backup这个名字,那么上面两个命令效果一样,如果有,那么第二个命令则会优先执行本地脚本。
3.2.5 创建和管理动态存储脚本
登录RMAN
rman TARGET / CATALOG rman@catdb USING arc_backup bck0906 FY06Q3
创建动态存储脚本:
CREATE SCRIPT quarterly {
ALLOCATE CHANNEL c1
DEVICE TYPE sbt
PARMS 'ENV=(OB_MEDIA_FAMILY=&1)';
BACKUP
TAG &2
FORMAT '/disk2/bck/&1%U.bck'
KEEP FOREVER
RESTORE POINT &3
DATABASE;
}
替换成符合我实际环境可执行的:
Replace SCRIPT quarterly {
ALLOCATE CHANNEL c1
DEVICE TYPE disk;
BACKUP
TAG '&2'
FORMAT '/u01/jingyu/&1%U.bck'
KEEP FOREVER
RESTORE POINT '&3'
DATABASE;
}
执行:
RUN
{
EXECUTE SCRIPT quarterly
USING arc_backup
bck1206
FY06Q4;
}
3.2.6 打印存储脚本
打印存储脚本:
PRINT SCRIPT full_backup;
打印内容发送到脚本:
PRINT SCRIPT full_backup
TO FILE '/tmp/my_script_file.txt';
3.3 删除恢复目录
连接到catalog,执行删除(两次确认)。RMAN> drop catalog;
RMAN> drop catalog;
3.4 更新恢复目录
比如RMAN恢复目录版本是10g,那么11g版本的RMAN客户端需要升级更新本地包和模式。 如果你10gR1版本之前创建的恢复目录, 并且RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER角色不包含CREATE TYPE权限,那么需要赋予CREATE TYPE的权限给恢复目录所有者。SQL> GRANT CREATE TYPE TO rman;
升级catalog(两次确认):
RMAN> upgrade catalog;
RMAN> upgrade catalog;
四、Reference
- Oracle® Database Backup and Recovery User's Guide 11g Release 2 (11.2)
- OCP 认证考试指南 (1Z0-053)[M]. 清华大学出版社, 2010.
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