英文文法学习笔记（18）代名词
2022-02-07 22:25 AlfredZhao 阅读(950) 评论(0) 编辑 收藏 举报本篇为第18篇笔记：代名词。
一、经典例句
1.1 人称代名词
1. She is from a small village in the north.
2. His shirt has his initials on it.
3. Please tell me the way to the post office.
4. Send the fax to him as soon as possible.
5. I love you more than her.
6. I love you more than she.
7. You and I had better start at once.
8. I and Bob were arrested for speeding.
9. We should try to learn from our mistakes.
10. You can't get a driver's license till you're eighteen.
11. They say that she will get marry.
12. We live on rice in Taiwan.
=> You live on rice in Taiwan.
=> They live on rice in Taiwan.
=> People live on rice in Taiwan.
13. It is three years since my brother got married.
14. It gets hot and humid in summer.
15. It's about two kilometers to the town from here.
16. It gets dark early at this time of the year.
17. How is it going at school?
18. How do you like it here? I like it very much.
19. It is important to keep a promise.
20. It is not easy to get out of a bad habit.
21. It is no use crying over spilt milk.
22. It is important that you obey the rules.
23. It makes no difference how you do it.
24. Air tanks make it possible for drivers to breathe underwater.
25. I found it surprising that she didn't know who Michael Jordan was.
26. I met Miss White in the park yesterday.
=> It was I that met Miss White in the park yesterday.
=> It was Miss White that I met in the park yesterday.
=> It was in the park that I met Miss White yesterday.
=> It was yesterday that I met Miss White in the park.
27. I cost thirty dollars to fix the computer.
28. It takes two hours to get to the airport.
29. I take it for granted that they got divorced.
1.2 所有代名词
30. My coat is brown, and his is black.
31. Your bike is so different from mine.
32. I happened to meet a friend of mine at the station.
=> I happened to meet one of my friends at the station.
33. I really like that charming smile of hers.
34. Yours sincerely.
35. Best wishes to you and yours.
1.3 反身代名词
36. You should accustom yourself to your new surroundings.
37. I have never been to Paris myself, but I hear it's nice.
=> I myself have never been to Paris, but I hear it's nice.
38. Lisa's mom looked at her in the mirror.
39. Lisa's mom looked at herself in the mirror.
40. Help yourself to the food.
41. Take care of yourself.
42. Please make yourself at home.
43. I couldn't make myself understood in English.
44. Did you tie your shoelaces by yourself?
45. Look up the word in the dictionary for yourself.
46. Please allow me to introduce myself.
47. She was beside herself with joy.
48. He soon came to himself.
1.4 指示代名词
49. This is my son, and that is my daughter.
50. This is not the dessert I ordered.
51. Lots of people go abroad these days.
52. Who is this, please? - This is David speaking.
53. To be or not to be, that is a question.
54. We have the right to express our opinions freely. This is called freedom of speech.
55. I'll just say this - you should follow your father's advice.
56. He told me to call her - this I did at once.
57. Work and play are both necessary to health; this gives us rest and that gives us energy.
58. Tobacco and alcohol are both injurious; but this is less injurious than that.
=> Tobacco and alcohol are both injurious; but the latter is less injurious than the former.
59. Our climate is milder than that of India.
60. Smokers' lungs are more likely to get cancer than those of nonsmokers.
61. She went to this doctor and that.
62. We talked about this and that.
=> We talked about this, that and the other.
63. At this, she stood up.
64. With this, he left the room.
65. He yawned, and that very often.
66. It's an idea, and a good one at that.
67. He told me about his trip and what he bought and all that.
68. He kissed her and with that he left.
69. The fish I caught was this big.
70. I didn't know you were that tired.
71. He told me to wait in line and I did so.
72. Do you think it will be sunny tomorrow? - I hope so.
73. Is that so?
74. Do you still feel sick? If so, you must see the doctor.
75. Don't talk so fast.
76. I often donate money to charity, and so does my wife.
=> I often donate money to charity, and my wife does, too.
77. The greatest gift we have is our health, and so it is.
78. They sell apples, oranges, bananas and so on.
79. It's risky. - Maybe. But even so, I have to do it.
80. He stayed here a year or so.
81. I don't know such a man.
82. I have never heard such nonsense in all my life.
83. Have you tasted any such food before?
84. I like lions, tigers and some such wild animals.
85. I visited several European countries, such as France, Italy and Switzerland.
86. I have never read books such as he mentioned.
87. I don't like such fish as an eel.
88. He is a gentleman and must be treated as such.
89. My income, such as it is, supports my family.
90. The news gave her such a shock that she nearly fainted.
91. I said it was a good buy and she said the same.
=> I said it was a good buy and she said so.
92. I don't like to have the same food every day.
93. I want the same shoes as yours.
94. He is the same man that I saw yesterday.
95. His opinion about this plan is much the same as yours.
96. He is rude, but I like him all the same.
97. It's all the same to me.
=> It makes no difference to me.
98. Happy New Year! (The) same to you.
99. You may go today or tomorrow, it comes to the same thing.
1.5 不定代名词
100. I'd like to borrow a hammer if you have one.
101. Did you bring the textbook? - No, I didn't bring it.
102. I lost my umbrella yesterday; I must buy a new one.
103. These boots have worn out, I need to buy some new ones.
104. I like that picture - I mean the third one from the left.
105. The guitar is smaller to the one I have.
106. He likes white wine better than red (wine).
107. She is nurse and mother (all) in one to the orphans.
108. The left by ones and twos.
=> The left in ones and twos.
109. They came, one and all, to welcome him.
110. The teacher interviewed the students one by one.
111. I, for one, do not agree.
112. Both of my parents are happy about the result.
113. All (the) villagers knew of the accident.
=> All of the villagers knew of the accident.
=> The villagers all knew of the accident.
114. It rained all afternoon.
115. All the town was destroyed.
=> The whole town was destroyed.
116. They jogged all the way.
117. The lady was all smiles.
118. She was all ears.
119. There are 700 boys and girls in all in our school.
120. He ate the meat, bone and all.
121. We have all but finished the work.
122. I wasn't surprised at all.
123. Do you know her at all?
124. If you learn English at all, learn it well.
125. For all her efforts, she failed.
126. I need some coins, have you got any?
=> I need some coins, do you have any?
127. Please lend me some money if you have any.
128. How about having dinner at some good restaurant?
129. Any of the magazines will do.
130. Would you like some coffee?
131. If you eat some cabbage, I'll take you to the park.
132. Some forty people were present at the party.
133. I can't wait any longer.
134. It's not any too big for you.
135. I hope to visit London some day.
136. Let's discuss it some other day.
137. We'll call on him in any case.
138. He was determined to finish the work at any lost.
139. Correct mistakes, if any.
140. There is little water, if any.
141. I don'k like this one, please show me the other.
142. I don'k like this one, please show me another.
143. Would you like another piece of pie?
144. I have two sisters: one is married and the other is not.
145. I have three sisters: one is sociable, but the others are too shy.
146. I have three young friends: one is eight years old, another is ten, and the other is twelve.
147. Some of the club members came on time, but the others were all late.
148. Some people are good at dancing, and others aren't.
149. She hung her raincoat on one hook and her umbrella on another.
150. I have a black cat and a white one: the one likes to play, and the other sleeps most of the day.
=> I have a black cat and a white one: the former likes to play, and the latter sleeps most of the day.
151. To know is one thing, and to teach is quite another.
152. They shouted at each other.
153. We introduced one another at the welcoming party.
154. The restaurant served dishes one after another.
155. The two girls rowed the boat one after the other.
156. On the one hand we look for excitement, but on the other hand, we look for peace in mind.
=> On one hand we look for excitement, but on the other, we look for peace in mind.
157. On each side of the street there were policemen.
158. These hats cost 10 dollars each.
159. There are two books in his bag and each book is carefully wrapped in colorful paper.
160. Every student has his favorite subject.
161. Every dog and cat has his likes and dislikes.
162. I have every reason to believe it.
163. She showed me every kindness.
164. The Olympics are held every four years.
=> The Olympics are held every fourth year.
165. I come here every other week.
=> I come here every two weeks.
166. Either of the two answers will do.
167. Any of the three answers will do.
168. I can write with either hand.
169. I don't like either of the men.
=> I like neither of the men.
170. We passed two gas stations, but neither of them was open.
171. Neither of the titles is suitable for the essay.
172. Bill didn't come to the party, and Jack didn't, either.
=> Bill didn't come to the party, neither did Jack.
173. Bill came to the party, and Jack did, too.
=> Bill came to the party, and so did Jack.
174. If you do not go, neither will I.
175. He has no money.
176. She has no children.
177. The policeman arrived in no time.
178. He is not a musician.
179. I am no thief.
180. None of us agree with you.
181. None of us were against the proposal.
=> None of us was against the proposal.
182. None of the information is useful.
183. It's none of your business.
184. Will somebody else be present?
185. Everybody's business is nobody's business.
186. He thinks he is somebody.
187. If you want to be anybody, you must work hard.
188. He is a lawyer or something.
189. He would not go with me for anything.
190. Peter isn't called a playboy for nothing. He had one girlfriend after another.
191. He did nothing but laugh.
192. I had nothing to do with the accident.
193. He is nothing but a fool.
二、知识点回顾（对应例句编号）
代名词的种类：人称代名词、指示代名词、不定代名词、疑问代名词、关系代名词。
其中疑问代名词、关系代名词在疑问、关系词章节已经单独介绍过。本章介绍人称代名词、指示代名词、不定代名词。
其中人称代名词内容较多，还包含了所有代名词、反身代名词，在这里分开小节来介绍。
2.1 人称代名词
人称代名词{
人称代词的顺序：
单数2，3，1；
复数1，2，3；
we, you, they的特殊用法。
What do you like?
How do you like it?
It's no use + Ving 怎么样也没用。
花费{
spend 主语：人； 受词：时间/钱； Ving
take 主语：人/事； 受词：时间； to V
cost 主语：物/事； 受词：钱； to V
}
}
2.2 所有代名词
所有代名词{
所有代名词 = 人称代名词之所有格 + 名词
my -> mine
your -> yours
his -> his
her -> hers
its -> its
ours \ yours \ theirs
}
2.3 反身代名词
反身代名词{
第一、二人称 -> 所有格 + 「self / selves」
第三人称 -> 受格 + 「self / selves」
}
2.4 指示代名词
指示代名词{
1) this（these）， that（those）
2) so
3) such
4) same
}
2.5 不定代名词
不定代名词{
1) one
2) both / and
3) some / any
4) other / another
5) each / every
6) either / neither
7) no / none
8) somebody ~ / something ~
everybody/anybody/nobody
everything/anything/nothing
Are you crazy or something?
}
三、例句中文翻译（参考）
3.1 人称代名词
-
她来自北方的一个小村庄。
-
他的衬衫上有他的名字的缩写。
-
请告诉我去邮局的路。
-
尽快寄传真给他。
-
我爱你胜过她。
-
我比她更爱你。
-
你和我最好立刻出发。
-
我和Bob因超速被逮捕。
-
我们应该设法从错误中学习。
-
直到18岁才能考驾照。
-
据说她要结婚了。
-
台湾人以米食为生。（4种表达方法：台湾人说、非台湾人对台湾人说、非台湾人对非台湾人说、通用说法）
-
我哥哥结婚三年了。
-
夏天又热又湿。
-
从这里到镇上大约两公里的路程。
-
每年此时，天都黑的很早。
-
上学上的如何？
-
你觉得这里如何？我很喜欢。
-
信守承诺很重要。
-
革除恶习是不容易的。
-
覆水难收。
-
遵守规则很重要。
-
你怎么做都没有差别。
-
水肺使得潜水者能在水底呼吸。
-
我很惊讶的发现她不知道Michael Jordan是谁。
-
我昨天在公园遇到White小姐。
-
修电脑花了三十元。
-
到机场要两小时。
-
他们会离婚我认为是理所当然的。
3.2 所有代名词
-
我的外套是咖啡色，而他的是黑色。
-
你的脚踏车和我的真是不同。
-
我碰巧在车站遇到我一位朋友。
-
我真喜欢她迷人的微笑。
-
敬上。
-
竭诚祝福你和你的家人。
3.3 反身代名词
-
你应该使自己适应新环境。
-
我自己还没到过巴黎，但我听说那儿很棒。
-
Lisa的母亲看着镜中的Lisa。
-
Lisa的母亲看着镜中的自己。
-
自行取用食物。
-
好好照顾自己。
-
请不要拘束。
-
我无法用英文表达自己。
-
你自己绑的鞋带吗？
-
你自己去查字典吧。
-
请容我自我介绍。
-
她高兴的忘了形。
-
他不久即恢复知觉。
3.4 指示代名词
-
这位是我儿子，而那位是我女儿。
-
这不是我点的甜点。
-
最近很多人出国。
-
请问哪位？- 我是David。
-
生或死？那是问题所在。
-
我们有权自由表达我们的意见。这就是言论自由。
-
我只说这一点 - 你必须遵照你父亲的忠告去做。
-
他叫我打电话给她，这事我立刻就做了。
-
工作和玩乐对健康都很必要，后者给予我们休息，前者给予我们精力。
-
烟和酒两者都有害，但后者的害处比前者少。
-
我国的气候较印度的温和。
-
吸烟者比不吸烟者较有可能得肺癌。
-
她到处求医。
-
我们谈了种种的事情。
-
听到这个她就站了起来。
-
说完话接着他就离开房间。
-
他打哈欠，而且经常如此。
-
那是个主意，而且那还是个好主意。
-
他告诉我关于他的旅行，他买的东西及一切种种。
-
他亲了她一下，然后就离开。
-
我抓到的鱼有这么大。
-
我不知道你那么累。
-
他告诉我要排队等候，而我照做。
-
你认为明天会是晴天吗？- 希望如此。
-
是那样吗？
-
你还觉得不舒服吗？如果是这样，你一定要去看医生。
-
别说得那么快。
-
我经常捐钱给慈善机关，而我太太也是。
-
我们所拥有最棒的礼物是我们的健康，而事实也是如此。
-
他们卖苹果、橘子、香蕉等。
-
那很危险。- 或许吧。但即使如此，我还是要做。
-
他大约在这里停留了一年。
-
我不认识这样的人。
-
我这辈子还没听过这样的废话。
-
你以前吃过任何这样的食物吗？
-
我喜欢狮子、老虎以及一些这类的野生动物。
-
我访问过好几个欧洲国家，如法国、意大利及瑞士。
-
我从没读过像他提到的那些书。
-
我不喜欢鳗鱼之类的鱼。
-
他是位绅士，所以我们必须以对待绅士的方式待他。
-
我的收入虽然只有如此，却能养活我一家人。
-
那消息使她非常震惊，她差一点就昏过去。
-
我说买得很划算，而她也如此说。
-
我并不喜欢每天吃一样的食物。
-
我想要和你一样的鞋子。
-
他就是我昨天看到的同一个人。
-
他对于这计划的意见和你的几乎一样。
-
他很无理，但我依旧喜欢他。
-
对我来说都一样。
-
新年快乐！- 彼此，彼此。
-
你可以今天走或明天走，反正都一样。
3.5 不定代名词
-
如果你有铁锤的话，我想借一只。
-
你有带那本课本吗？- 不，我没有带来。
-
我的雨伞昨天弄丢了；我必须找把新的。
-
这些靴子已经穿旧了。我需要去买新的。
-
我喜欢那张画 - 我指的是左边算来第三张。
-
这把吉他跟我拥有的那把很相似。
-
他喜欢白酒胜过红酒。
-
她身兼孤儿的保姆及母亲。
-
他们三三两两地离开。
-
他们全体来欢迎他。
-
老师一个一个地接见学生。
-
我个人不同意。
-
我的父母都满意这结果。
-
所有的村民都知道那件意外。
-
整个下午一直下雨。
-
整个镇都被毁了。
-
他们全程都用慢跑的。
-
这女士满脸笑容。
-
她专注的听。
-
我们学校一共有700名男女学生。
-
他把肉连同骨头都吃光了。
-
我们的工作几乎快完成了。
-
我一点也不惊讶。
-
你究竟认识她吗？
-
既然你学了英文，就把它学好。
-
尽管她很努力，她还是失败了。
-
我需要一些硬币，你有吗？
-
如果你有钱的话，请借我一些。
-
到某家好餐厅吃顿晚餐如何？
-
任何一本杂志都可以。
-
你要来些咖啡吗？
-
如果你吃些高丽菜，我就带你去公园。
-
大约四十人出席那场派对。
-
我再也等不下去了。
-
对你而言，它一点也不算大。
-
我希望有一天能去伦敦玩。
-
我们改天再讨论吧。
-
无论如何我们都要去拜访他。
-
他决定不惜任何代价去完成那工作。
-
如果有错，就加以改正。
-
即使有水，也很少。
-
我不喜欢这个；请让我看另一个。（总共只有两个）
-
我不喜欢这个；请让我看另一个。（不止两个）
-
你要再来块派吗？
-
我有两个姐姐：一位结婚了，另一位还没有。
-
我有三个姐姐：一位善于社交，另两位则太过害羞。
-
我有三个年轻朋友：一个八岁，一个十岁，另一个十二岁。
-
有些俱乐部会员准时到达，但其余的都迟到。
-
有些人善于跳舞，而有些人则不。
-
他把雨衣挂在一个挂钩上，把雨伞挂在另一个上。
-
我有一只黑猫和一只白猫。前者喜欢玩，后者几乎整天在睡觉。
-
知道是一回事，而教又是另一回事。
-
他们彼此叫嚣。
-
我们在欢迎会上彼此认识。
-
餐厅陆续上菜。
-
那两个女孩轮流划船。
-
我们一方面寻求刺激，一方面寻求心灵平静。
-
街道两旁占满警察。
-
这些帽子一顶十元。
-
他的袋子里有两本书，而每一本都用色纸小心地包装好。
-
每位学生都有他最爱的科目。
-
每只狗和猫都有它们的好恶。
-
我有充分的理由相信这件事。
-
她尽其所能地对我非常亲切。
-
奥运每四年举办一次。
-
我每隔一周来一次。
-
这两个答案都可以。
-
这三个答案都可以。
-
我两只手都能写字。
-
这两个人我都不喜欢。
-
我们经过了两家加油站，但他们都没开。
-
这两个标题没有一个适合这篇短文。
-
Bill没有参加宴会，而Jack也没有。
-
Bill来参加宴会，Jack也有来参加。
-
如果你不去，我也不去。
-
他没有钱。
-
她没有小孩。
-
警察马上就赶到了。
-
他不是音乐家。
-
我绝不是小偷。
-
谁也不同意你。
-
没有人反对这提案。
-
这些资讯都没用。
-
这不关你的事。
-
还有其他人会出席吗？
-
众人之事就是无人之事。
-
他自以为是个了不起的人物。
-
如果想成为大人物，你必须努力工作。
-
他是个律师之类的。
-
他怎么也不肯跟我一起去。
-
Peter被称为花花公子是有道理的，他女朋友一个一个的交。
-
他一味的笑。
-
我和那件意外无关。
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他只是傻瓜罢了。
AlfredZhao©版权所有「从Oracle起航，领略精彩的IT技术。」
