[技术学习]正则表达式分析

jquery源码学习中,发现大量正则表达式的使用,因此在此对常用正则表达式进行分解,并举例他们的匹配规则

一、匹配常用的数字格式,包括正负整数小数以及可以计数法
core_pnum = /[+-]?(?:\d*\.|)\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\d+|)/.source,// Used for matching numbers

  1、[+-]? 表示第一位为+或-号,也可以没有

  2、(?:\d*\.|) :使用?:表示分组不会被捕捉,有0到多个数字,一个小数点,|表示匹配空.,即匹配12.格式或者空

  3、\d+ :表示1到多个数字

  4、(?:[eE][+-]?\d+|) 表示分组不被捕捉,匹配e或者E,0-1个+-号,多个数字,表示匹配e+3格式或者空

可以进行匹配数字格式,由于以.source为标记,得到为备份字符串,可以与其他字符串组成完整的正则,进行使用,主要使用为:,举例说明:

    var core_pnum = /[+-]?(?:\d*\.|)\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\d+|)/.source,// Used for matching numbers
        rnumsplit = new RegExp( "^(" + core_pnum + ")(.*)$", "i" ),//^([+-]?(?:\d*\.|)\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\d+|))(.*)$
        rnumnonpx = new RegExp( "^(" + core_pnum + ")(?!px)[a-z%]+$", "i" ),//^([+-]?(?:\d*\.|)\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\d+|))(?!px)[a-z%]+$
        rrelNum = new RegExp( "^([+-])=(" + core_pnum + ")", "i" ),

        rfxnum = new RegExp( "^(?:([+-])=|)(" + core_pnum + ")([a-z%]*)$", "i" ),
    var core_pnum = /[+-]?(?:\d*\.|)\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\d+|)/.source,// Used for matching numbers
        ///^([+-]?(?:\d*\.|)\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\d+|))(.*)$
        //可以将数字与其他字符进行分离,例如:100px,分离为100和px
        rnumsplit = new RegExp( "^(" + core_pnum + ")(.*)$", "i" ),
        //^([+-]?(?:\d*\.|)\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\d+|))(?!px)[a-z%]+$
        //匹配非px结尾的字符
        rnumnonpx = new RegExp( "^(" + core_pnum + ")(?!px)[a-z%]+$", "i" ),
        ///^([+-])=([+-]?(?:\d*\.|)\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\d+|))/i
        rrelNum = new RegExp( "^([+-])=(" + core_pnum + ")", "i" ),
        ///^(?:([+-])=|)([+-]?(?:\d*\.|)\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\d+|))([a-z%]*)$/i
        rfxnum = new RegExp( "^(?:([+-])=|)(" + core_pnum + ")([a-z%]*)$", "i" );

        var width='100px';
        alert(width.match(rnumsplit));//['100px','100','px']
        alert(width.match(rnumnonpx));//null

        var aa="+=100.12"
        alert(rrelNum.exec(aa));//['+=100.12','+','100.12']

 

        var core_pnum = /^[+-]?(?:\d*\.|)\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\d+|)$/;//
        var num1=1.0034e-18;
        alert(core_pnum.exec(num1))//1.0034e-18 

        var num2=43.12
        alert(core_pnum.exec(num2))//43.12

        var num3=43
        alert(core_pnum.exec(num3))//43

二、非空字符,全局匹配

  core_rnotwhite = /\S+/g,

使用环境为,进行字符串切割,将所有字符串按字符进行转化为数组:

        var core_rnotwhite = /\S+/g,
            str='one two three';
        alert(str.match(core_rnotwhite))//['one','two','three']

三、全局匹配左侧或者右侧空格

  rtrim = /^[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+|[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+$/g

    var rtrim = /^[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+|[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+$/g, 
        aa='       aaa         ' ;
    ;
    alert("1"+aa.replace(rtrim,'')+"1");//1aaa11

四、匹配html标签或者id选择器#xxx

rquickExpr = /^(?:\s*(<[\w\W]+>)[^>]*|#([\w-]*))$/,

五、匹配单独的html标签
rsingleTag= /^<(\w+)\s*\/?>(?:<\/\1>|)$/,

六、匹配由],:{}以及任意字符组成的字符串,json常用字符串
rvalidchars = /^[\],:{}\s]*$/,

七、
rvalidbraces = /(?:^|:|,)(?:\s*\[)+/g,
rvalidescape = /\\(?:["\\\/bfnrt]|u[\da-fA-F]{4})/g,
rvalidtokens = /"[^"\\\r\n]*"|true|false|null|-?(?:\d+\.|)\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\d+|)/g,

// Matches dashed string for camelizing
rmsPrefix = /^-ms-/,
rdashAlpha = /-([\da-z])/gi,

 

posted @ 2015-12-12 01:42  孤子  阅读(534)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报