project3_NeedToLoginCalculator（需要进行登陆确认的计算器）
下列实现代码说明：
下列代码主要是实现计算器功能。由于之前在莫凡老师开设的《用 python 和 tkinter 做简单的窗口视窗》课程当中学习了tkinter的内容，在该课程的结束部分是老师带着做一个关于
登录窗口的小程序。
在学习了该课程后，自己又去学习了计算器编写的代码，而后，想着能否把这两个小项目结合寄来，于是，新的一个小项目又诞生了。
该程序的功能是在打开计算器程序之前需要进行一个登陆操作。
该项目涉及到的前面的project如下：
1、class13and14and15_登录窗口 - JY小脚丫 - 博客园
https://www.cnblogs.com/jyfootprint/p/9571509.html
2、project1_calculator（使用tkinter实现python计算器，含有具体过程与注释） - JY小脚丫 - 博客园
https://www.cnblogs.com/jyfootprint/p/9570951.html
代码如下：
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- # ------------------------------------------------------------ import calculator import tkinter as tk from tkinter import messagebox import pickle window = tk.Tk() window.title("登录窗口") window.maxsize(460, 300) window.minsize(460, 300) # welcom image canvas = tk.Canvas(window, width=500, height=200) image_file = tk.PhotoImage(file='my_login.gif') # 10, 0 表示锚点的横，纵位置； anchor='nw'表示锚点的位置是左上角 image = canvas.create_image(10, 0, anchor='nw', image=image_file) canvas.pack(side='top') tk.Label(window, text='username:', font=('黑体', 12)).place(x=60, y=160, anchor='nw') tk.Label(window, text='password:', font=('黑体', 12)).place(x=60, y=190, anchor='nw') # 设置存储的变量 username = tk.StringVar() password = tk.StringVar() # 设置登录的输入框，并获取信息 entry_username = tk.Entry(window, textvariable=username, width=30).place(x=150, y=160, anchor='nw') entry_password = tk.Entry(window, textvariable=password, width=30, show='*').place(x=150, y=190, anchor='nw') # 初始化 username 的信息 username.set('example@python.com') def usr_login(): usr_name = username.get() usr_password = password.get() try: with open('usrs_info.pickle', 'rb') as usr_file: usrs_info = pickle.load(usr_file) except FileNotFoundError: usrs_info = {'admin': 'admin'} pickle.dump(usrs_info, usr_file) if usr_name in usrs_info: if usr_password == usrs_info[usr_name]: messagebox.showinfo(title='Welcom', message='Welcome to log in! \n'+ usr_name) window.destroy() calculator.Calculator() else: messagebox.showerror(title='Error', message='Password Error!\nTry again!!') else: is_sign_up = messagebox.askyesno(title='Ask', message='You have not sign up yet.\nSign up now?') if is_sign_up is True: usr_sign_up() def usr_sign_up(): # 设置窗口 window_sign_up = tk.Toplevel(window) window_sign_up.title('Sign up window') window_sign_up.maxsize(460, 180) window_sign_up.minsize(460, 180) # 设置标签 tk.Label(window_sign_up, text='username:', font=('黑体', 12)).place(x=30, y=30, anchor='nw') tk.Label(window_sign_up, text='password:', font=('黑体', 12)).place(x=30, y=60, anchor='nw') tk.Label(window_sign_up, text='confirm password:', font=('黑体', 12)).place(x=30, y=90, anchor='nw') # 设置输入框 # 设置存储的变量 usr_username = tk.StringVar() usr_password1 = tk.StringVar() usr_password2 = tk.StringVar() # 设置登录的输入框，并获取信息 usr_entry_username = tk.Entry(window_sign_up, textvariable=usr_username, width=40).place(x=170, y=30, anchor='nw') usr_entry_password1 = tk.Entry(window_sign_up, textvariable=usr_password1, width=40, show='*').place(x=170, y=60, anchor='nw') usr_entry_password2 = tk.Entry(window_sign_up, textvariable=usr_password2, width=40, show='*').place(x=170, y=90, anchor='nw') # 初始化 username 的信息 usr_username.set('example@python.com') def new_sign_up(): new_name = usr_username.get() new_password = usr_password1.get() new_password_confirm = usr_password2.get() # 打开配置文件，查看注册的信息是否在文件中 with open('usrs_info.pickle', 'rb') as usr_file: exist_usr_info = pickle.load(usr_file) # 对比用户名是否已经储存在文件中 if new_name in exist_usr_info : messagebox.showerror(title='Error',message='The user has already signed up!') else: if new_password != new_password_confirm: messagebox.showerror(title='Error', message='Password and confirm password must be the same!') else: exist_usr_info[new_name] = new_password with open('usrs_info.pickle', 'wb') as usr_file: # 写入到文件中 pickle.dump(exist_usr_info, usr_file) messagebox.showinfo(title='Welcome', message='You have successfully signed up!') window_sign_up.destroy() # 设置注册的按钮 tk.Button(window_sign_up, text='sign up', command=new_sign_up).place(x=220, y=120, anchor='nw') tk.Button(text='login', command=usr_login).place(x=170, y=220, anchor='nw') tk.Button(text='sign up', command=usr_sign_up).place(x=240, y=220, anchor='nw') window.mainloop()
上面代码说明：
语句： import calculator
说明： calculator 是一个自己编写的一个名称为“calculator.py"文件，是用来实现计算器计算功能程序，该程序的内容见一下转接链接
代码内容如下：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# ------------------------------------------------------------
# ------------------------------------------------分割线-------------------------------------------------
'''
# ------------------------------------------------------------
# # 7、（完成全部设计）实现基本的计算器功能，补充错误检测, 修改‘C’为清楚功能， '<=='为后退功能
# # # 改动位置位置： def click_button(self, event):
# ------------------------------------------------------------
'''
class Calculator:
import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.messagebox as mbox
def __init__(self):
# 生成一个窗口对象
self.window = self.tk.Tk()
# 命名窗口对象的显示title
self.window.title('计算器')
# 设置窗口的大小 minsize最小 maxsize最大
self.window.minsize(240, 290)
self.window.maxsize(240, 290)
# 是否清空显示框判定参数
# 设置菜单
self.set_menu()
# 设置显示框
self.label_show = self.tk.Label(text='', anchor='se', font=('黑体', 30), fg='black')
self.label_show.place(x=0, y=0, width=240,height=80)
# 设置按钮组件
self.set_buttons()
# 将窗口放入主消息队列
self.window.mainloop()
def set_menu(self):
'''
设置菜单
:return: None
'''
# 创建总菜单
menubar = self.tk.Menu(self.window)
# 创建一个下拉菜单，并且加入文件菜单
filemenu = self.tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=False)
# 创建菜单中的选项
filemenu.add_command(label='退出计算器', command=self.window.quit )
# print author的函数
def show_author():
self.mbox.showinfo(title='作者信息',message='作者：许建荣\n联系邮箱：jyfootprint@foxmail.com')
filemenu.add_command(label='作者信息', command=show_author)
# 将文件菜单作为下拉菜单添加到总菜单中，并且将命名为操作
menubar.add_cascade(label='查看', menu=filemenu)
# 显示总菜单
self.window.config(menu=menubar)
def set_buttons(self):
# 基础坐标, x0, y0,开始坐标； x_width, y_width 间隔
x0, y0, x_width, y_width,height = 0, 90, 60, 40, 40
# 7
btn7 = self.tk.Button(text='7', bd=2, font='黑体')
btn7.place( x=x0, y=y0, width=x_width, height=y_width)
# 8
btn8 = self.tk.Button(text='8', bd=2, font='黑体')
btn8.place( x=x0+x_width*1, y=y0, width=x_width, height=y_width)
# 9
btn9 = self.tk.Button(text='9', bd=2, font='黑体')
btn9.place( x=x0+x_width*2, y=y0, width=x_width, height=y_width)
# +
btn_add = self.tk.Button(text='+', bd=2, font='黑体')
btn_add.place( x=x0+x_width*3, y=y0, width=x_width, height=y_width)
# 4
btn4 = self.tk.Button(text='4', bd=2, font='黑体')
btn4.place( x=x0, y=y0+y_width, width=x_width, height=y_width)
# 5
btn5 = self.tk.Button(text='5', bd=2, font='黑体')
btn5.place( x=x0+x_width*1, y=y0+y_width, width=x_width, height=y_width)
# 6
btn6 = self.tk.Button(text='6', bd=2, font='黑体')
btn6.place( x=x0+x_width*2, y=y0+y_width, width=x_width, height=y_width)
# -
btn_subtract = self.tk.Button(text='-', bd=2, font='黑体')
btn_subtract.place( x=x0+x_width*3, y=y0+y_width, width=x_width, height=y_width)
# 1
btn1 = self.tk.Button(text='1', bd=2, font='黑体')
btn1.place( x=x0, y=y0+y_width*2, width=x_width, height=y_width)
# 2
btn2 = self.tk.Button(text='2', bd=2, font='黑体')
btn2.place( x=x0+x_width*1, y=y0+y_width*2, width=x_width, height=y_width)
# 3
btn3 = self.tk.Button(text='3', bd=2, font='黑体')
btn3.place( x=x0+x_width*2, y=y0+y_width*2, width=x_width, height=y_width)
# *
btn_mutiply = self.tk.Button(text='*', bd=2, font='黑体')
btn_mutiply.place( x=x0+x_width*3, y=y0+y_width*2, width=x_width, height=y_width)
# 0
btn0 = self.tk.Button(text='0', bd=2, font='黑体')
btn0.place( x=x0, y=y0+y_width*3, width=x_width*2, height=y_width)
# .
btn_point = self.tk.Button(text='.', bd=2, font='黑体')
btn_point.place( x=x0+x_width*2, y=y0+y_width*3, width=x_width, height=y_width)
# /
btn_divid = self.tk.Button(text='/', bd=2, font='黑体')
btn_divid.place( x=x0+x_width*3, y=y0+y_width*3, width=x_width, height=y_width)
# C后退
btn_clear = self.tk.Button( text='C', bd=2, font='黑体')
btn_clear.place( x=x0, y=y0+y_width*4, width=x_width, height=y_width)
# C后退
btn_back = self.tk.Button( text='<==', bd=2, font='黑体')
btn_back.place( x=x0+x_width*1, y=y0+y_width*4, width=x_width, height=y_width)
# =
btn_equal = self.tk.Button( text='=', bd=2, font='黑体')
btn_equal.place( x=x0+x_width*2, y=y0+y_width*4, width=x_width*2, height=y_width)
# 绑定Button的点击事件
btn7.bind_class('Button', '<Button-1>', self.click_button)
def click_button(self, event):
# 获取点击的按钮信息信息
input_event = event.widget['text']
# 输入的按钮信息显示
self.label_show['text'] = self.label_show['text'] + input_event
# 异常捕获
try:
# 计算符号
cal_symbol = ['+', '-', '*', '/']
# 判定运算符号重复的时候,使用最后输入的符号
if self.label_show['text'][-1] in cal_symbol and self.label_show['text'][-2] in cal_symbol:
# 取重复符号前面的内容
header = self.label_show['text'][:-2]
footer = self.label_show['text'][-1]
self.label_show['text'] = header + footer
except:
pass
# 进行普通计算
if event.widget['text'] == '=':
# 异常捕获
try:
res_bit = 2 # 计算保留的位数
res = eval(self.label_show['text'][:-1]) # 计算点击 “=” 之前的计算表达式
# print(type(res))
self.label_show['text'] = str(round(float(res), res_bit))
except ZeroDivisionError:
# 除法时，除数不能为0
self.mbox.showerror(title='错误', message='除法计算时！除数不能为0！')
except:
self.mbox.showerror(title='未知名错误', message='算式错误，请检查！')
elif event.widget['text'] == '<==':
# 点击的‘<==’也计算在内，它占3个字符，因此是倒数4位去掉
back_res = self.label_show['text'][:-4]
self.label_show['text'] = back_res
elif event.widget['text'] == 'C':
# 点击的‘C’也计算在内，因此是倒数2位去掉
self.label_show['text'] = ''
if __name__=='__main__':
start = Calculator()
转载请注明出处。https://www.cnblogs.com/jyfootprint/p/9457346.html
