线程池提交任务的两种方式:execute与submit的区别

Java中的线程池在进行任务提交时,有两种方式:execute和submit方法。

 

一、execute和submit的区别

  • execute只能提交Runnable类型的任务,无返回值。submit既可以提交Runnable类型的任务,也可以提交Callable类型的任务,会有一个类型为Future的返回值,但当任务类型为Runnable时,返回值为null。
  • execute在执行任务时,如果遇到异常会直接抛出,而submit不会直接抛出,只有在使用Future的get方法获取返回值时,才会抛出异常。

测试代码:

package com.javaBase.LineDistancePond;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

/**
 * 〈一句话功能简述〉;
 * 〈execute与submit的区别〉
 *
 * @author jxx
 * @see [相关类/方法](可选)
 * @since [产品/模块版本] (可选)
 */
public class TestThreadPoolBegin {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        ExecutorService es = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
        Runnable runnable = new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                System.out.println("Runnable线程处理开始...");
                int a = 0;
                int b = 3;
                System.out.println("除以0的结果为:" + b/a);
                System.out.println("Runnable线程处理结束...");
            }
        };
        es.execute(runnable);
        es.shutdown();
    }
}

执行结果:

Exception in thread "pool-1-thread-1" java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
Runnable线程处理开始...
    at com.javaBase.LineDistancePond.TestThreadPoolBegin$1.run(TestThreadPoolBegin.java:24)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

Process finished with exit code 0
package com.javaBase.LineDistancePond;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

/**
 * 〈一句话功能简述〉;
 * 〈execute与submit的区别〉
 *
 * @author jxx
 * @see [相关类/方法](可选)
 * @since [产品/模块版本] (可选)
 */
public class TestThreadPoolBegin {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        ExecutorService es = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
        Runnable runnable = new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                System.out.println("Runnable线程处理开始...");
                int a = 0;
                int b = 3;
                System.out.println("除以0的结果为:" + b/a);
                System.out.println("Runnable线程处理结束...");
            }
        };
        es.submit(runnable);
        es.shutdown();
    }
}

执行结果:

Runnable线程处理开始...

Process finished with exit code 0
package com.javaBase.LineDistancePond;

import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;

/**
 * 〈一句话功能简述〉;
 * 〈execute与submit的区别〉
 *
 * @author jxx
 * @see [相关类/方法](可选)
 * @since [产品/模块版本] (可选)
 */
public class TestThreadPoolBegin {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        ExecutorService es = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
        Callable callable = new Callable() {
            @Override
            public Object call() throws Exception {
                System.out.println("线程处理开始...");
                int a = 0;
                int b = 3;
                System.out.println("除以0的结果为:" + b/a);
                System.out.println("线程处理结束...");
                return "0";
            }
        };
        Future<String> future = es.submit(callable);
        System.out.println("任务执行完成,结果为:" + future.get());
    }
}

执行结果:

Exception in thread "main" java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
    at com.javaBase.LineDistancePond.TestThreadPoolBegin.main(TestThreadPoolBegin.java:32)
Caused by: java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
    at com.javaBase.LineDistancePond.TestThreadPoolBegin$1.call(TestThreadPoolBegin.java:26)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
线程处理开始...

二、submit的get方法

  future的get方法在未获得返回值之前会一直阻塞,我们可以使用future的isDone方法判断任务是否执行完成,然后再决定是否get,因此上述代码我们可以优化如下:

package com.javaBase.LineDistancePond;

import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;

/**
 * 〈一句话功能简述〉;
 * 〈execute与submit的区别〉
 *
 * @author jxx
 * @see [相关类/方法](可选)
 * @since [产品/模块版本] (可选)
 */
public class TestThreadPoolBegin {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        ExecutorService es = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
        Callable callable = new Callable() {
            @Override
            public String call() throws Exception {
                System.out.println("线程处理开始...");
                int a = 2;
                int b = 3;
                System.out.println("3/2的结果为:" + b/a);
                System.out.println("线程处理结束...");
                return "0";
            }
        };
        Future<String> future = es.submit(callable);
        while(true) {
            //idDone:如果任务已完成,则返回 true。 可能由于正常终止、异常或取消而完成,在所有这些情况中,此方法都将返回 true。
            if(future.isDone()) {
                System.out.println("任务执行完成:" + future.get());
                break;
            }
        }
        es.shutdown();
    }
}

执行结果:

线程处理开始...
3/2的结果为:1
线程处理结束...
线程执行完成:0

Process finished with exit code 1

 

 

posted @ 2019-11-18 16:19  莫等、闲  阅读(23269)  评论(1编辑  收藏  举报