SpringMVC之json是怎么传回前端的 @ResponseBody解析

一 序章　

　

　　http的请求里有一个属性叫accept，它规定了返回值类型，本篇要讲的返回值正是跟这个属性关系紧密

　　

二 源码分析

　　SpringMVC为@RequestBody和@ResponseBody两个注解实现了统一处理类RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor，实现了HandlerMethodArgumentResolver和HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler两个接口。

ServletInvocableHandlerMethod
public void invokeAndHandle(ServletWebRequest webRequest, ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer,
            Object... providedArgs) throws Exception {

        Object returnValue = invokeForRequest(webRequest, mavContainer, providedArgs);
        setResponseStatus(webRequest);

        if (returnValue == null) {
            if (isRequestNotModified(webRequest) || getResponseStatus() != null || mavContainer.isRequestHandled()) {
                mavContainer.setRequestHandled(true);
                return;
            }
        }
        else if (StringUtils.hasText(getResponseStatusReason())) {
            mavContainer.setRequestHandled(true);
            return;
        }

        mavContainer.setRequestHandled(false);
        try {
            this.returnValueHandlers.handleReturnValue(
                    returnValue, getReturnValueType(returnValue), mavContainer, webRequest); //今天只看这部分
        }
        catch (Exception ex) {
            if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                logger.trace(getReturnValueHandlingErrorMessage("Error handling return value", returnValue), ex);
            }
            throw ex;
        }
    }

　　要执行就离不开  returnValueHandlers 。先讲讲这些  returnValueHandlers 怎么初始化的

　　我们先看  RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod 

protected ModelAndView invokeHandlerMethod(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response, HandlerMethod handlerMethod) throws Exception {

        ServletWebRequest webRequest = new ServletWebRequest(request, response);
        try {
            WebDataBinderFactory binderFactory = getDataBinderFactory(handlerMethod);
            ModelFactory modelFactory = getModelFactory(handlerMethod, binderFactory);

            ServletInvocableHandlerMethod invocableMethod = createInvocableHandlerMethod(handlerMethod);
            invocableMethod.setHandlerMethodArgumentResolvers(this.argumentResolvers);
            invocableMethod.setHandlerMethodReturnValueHandlers(this.returnValueHandlers);//设置返回值Handler
            invocableMethod.setDataBinderFactory(binderFactory);
            invocableMethod.setParameterNameDiscoverer(this.parameterNameDiscoverer);

　　注意这里，每次处理请求的时候，把原始HandlerMethod包装成一个 ServletInvocableHandlerMethod，这里用的是每次都new一个出来

protected ServletInvocableHandlerMethod createInvocableHandlerMethod(HandlerMethod handlerMethod) {
        return new ServletInvocableHandlerMethod(handlerMethod);
    }

　　所以就来看看 RequestMappingHandlerAdapter里的 returnValueHandlers 是怎么来的

　　现在已经知道了 RequestMappingHandlerAdapter 会被当成一个bean来进行初始化，而且它还实现了 InitializingBean

@Override
    public void afterPropertiesSet() {
        // Do this first, it may add ResponseBody advice beans
        initControllerAdviceCache();

        if (this.argumentResolvers == null) {
            List<HandlerMethodArgumentResolver> resolvers = getDefaultArgumentResolvers();
            this.argumentResolvers = new HandlerMethodArgumentResolverComposite().addResolvers(resolvers);
        }
        if (this.initBinderArgumentResolvers == null) {
            List<HandlerMethodArgumentResolver> resolvers = getDefaultInitBinderArgumentResolvers();
            this.initBinderArgumentResolvers = new HandlerMethodArgumentResolverComposite().addResolvers(resolvers);
        }
        if (this.returnValueHandlers == null) {
            List<HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler> handlers = getDefaultReturnValueHandlers();
            this.returnValueHandlers = new HandlerMethodReturnValueHandlerComposite().addHandlers(handlers);
        }
    }

　　这个getDefaultReturnValueHandlers很长，这里就不贴了，只需要记住一条  RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor 也是 这个handlers中的一员。而它恰恰是处理@ResponseBody的关键

　　

　　现在回头继续看  his.returnValueHandlers.handleReturnValue 

HandlerMethodReturnValueHandlerComposite
public void handleReturnValue(Object returnValue, MethodParameter returnType,
            ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer, NativeWebRequest webRequest) throws Exception {

        HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler handler = selectHandler(returnValue, returnType);
        if (handler == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown return value type: " + returnType.getParameterType().getName());
        }
        handler.handleReturnValue(returnValue, returnType, mavContainer, webRequest);
    }

　　这里就是选择合适的handler，因为我们的返回值是有@ResponseBody注解的，所以就选出来了 RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor

RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor
public boolean supportsReturnType(MethodParameter returnType) {
        return (AnnotatedElementUtils.hasAnnotation(returnType.getContainingClass(), ResponseBody.class) ||
                returnType.hasMethodAnnotation(ResponseBody.class));
    }

　　最终会调用  AbstractMessageConverterMethodProcessor.writeWithMessageConverters 

　　这个方法很长，这里只看一部分。如果返回值是一个引用类型而不是基础类型，那就要有jackson相关的类，在这里  messageConverter 就是  MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter ， 在这里调用write方法就对对象做了序列化，在通过HttpResponse的outputStream写出去

if (selectedMediaType != null) {
            selectedMediaType = selectedMediaType.removeQualityValue();
            for (HttpMessageConverter<?> messageConverter : this.messageConverters) {
                if (messageConverter instanceof GenericHttpMessageConverter) {
                    if (((GenericHttpMessageConverter) messageConverter).canWrite(
                            declaredType, valueType, selectedMediaType)) {
                        outputValue = (T) getAdvice().beforeBodyWrite(outputValue, returnType, selectedMediaType,
                                (Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>>) messageConverter.getClass(),
                                inputMessage, outputMessage);
                        if (outputValue != null) {
                            addContentDispositionHeader(inputMessage, outputMessage);
                            ((GenericHttpMessageConverter) messageConverter).write(
                                    outputValue, declaredType, selectedMediaType, outputMessage);
                            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                                logger.debug("Written [" + outputValue + "] as \"" + selectedMediaType +
                                        "\" using [" + messageConverter + "]");
                            }
                        }
                        return;
                    }
                }

 上面的 outputMessage 类型是 HttpOutputMessage

public interface ServerHttpResponse extends HttpOutputMessage, Flushable, Closeable

　　HttpResponse正是其子类，最终推送给前端还是要靠response