exports和module.exports的区别和用法

每一个node.js执行文件,都自动创建一个module对象,同时,module对象会创建一个叫exports的属性,初始化的值是 {}
//foo.js
exports.a = function(){
 console.log('a')
 }

 exports.a = 1

//test.js
 var x = require('./foo');

 console.log(x.a) //1
exports是引用 module.exports的值。module.exports 被改变的时候,exports不会被改变,而模块导出的时候,真正导出的执行是module.exports,而不是exports
再看看下面:
foo.js
 exports.a = function(){
  console.log('a')
 }

 module.exports = {a: 2}
 exports.a = 1 

  test.js

var x = require('./foo');

 console.log(x.a) //2

常用的方式:

function View(name, options) { 
   options = options || {};
   this.name = name;
   this.root = options.root;
   var engines = options.engines;
   this.defaultEngine = options.defaultEngine;
   var ext = this.ext = extname(name);
   if (!ext && !this.defaultEngine) throw new Error('No default engine was specified and no         extension was provided.');
   if (!ext) name += (ext = this.ext = ('.' != this.defaultEngine[0] ? '.' : '') +     this.defaultEngine);
   this.engine = engines[ext] || (engines[ext] = require(ext.slice(1)).__express);
   this.path = this.lookup(name);
 }

 module.exports = View;

javascript里面有一句话,函数即对象,View 是对象,module.export =View, 即相当于导出整个view对象。外面模块调用它的时候,能够调用View的所有方法。不过需要注意,只有是View的静态方法的时候,才能够被调用,prototype创建的方法,则属于View的私有方法。

foo.js

 function View(){

 }

    = function(){
  console.log('test')
 }

 View.test1 = function(){
  console.log('test1')
 }

test.js

var x = require('./foo');

 console.log(x) //{ [Function: View] test1: [Function] }
 console.log(x.test) //undefined
 console.log(x.test1) //[Function]
 x.test1() //test1

 

posted @ 2018-05-22 14:11  C丶c  阅读(476)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报