https://www.runoob.com/mysql/mysql-administration.html

1.常用指令

  • USE 数据库名 :
    选择要操作的Mysql数据库，使用该命令后所有Mysql命令都只针对该数据库。

    mysql> use RUNOOB;
Database changed

  • SHOW DATABASES:
    列出 MySQL 数据库管理系统的数据库列表。

    mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| RUNOOB             |
| cdcol              |
| mysql              |
| onethink           |
| performance_schema |
| phpmyadmin         |
| test               |
| wecenter           |
| wordpress          |
+--------------------+
10 rows in set (0.02 sec)

  • SHOW TABLES:
    显示指定数据库的所有表，使用该命令前需要使用 use 命令来选择要操作的数据库。

    mysql> use RUNOOB;
Database changed
mysql> SHOW TABLES;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_runoob |
+------------------+
| employee_tbl     |
| runoob_tbl       |
| tcount_tbl       |
+------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

  • SHOW COLUMNS FROM 数据表:
    显示数据表的属性，属性类型，主键信息 ，是否为 NULL，默认值等其他信息。

    mysql> SHOW COLUMNS FROM runoob_tbl;
+-----------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field           | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-----------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| runoob_id       | int(11)      | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       |
| runoob_title    | varchar(255) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| runoob_author   | varchar(255) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| submission_date | date         | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+-----------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

  • SHOW INDEX FROM 数据表:
    显示数据表的详细索引信息，包括PRIMARY KEY（主键）。

    mysql> SHOW INDEX FROM runoob_tbl;
+------------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
| Table      | Non_unique | Key_name | Seq_in_index | Column_name | Collation | Cardinality | Sub_part | Packed | Null | Index_type | Comment | Index_comment |
+------------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
| runoob_tbl |          0 | PRIMARY  |            1 | runoob_id   | A         |           2 |     NULL | NULL   |      | BTREE      |         |               |
+------------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

  • SHOW TABLE STATUS [FROM db_name] [LIKE 'pattern'] \G:
    该命令将输出Mysql数据库管理系统的性能及统计信息。

    mysql> SHOW TABLE STATUS  FROM RUNOOB;   # 显示数据库 RUNOOB 中所有表的信息
mysql> SHOW TABLE STATUS from RUNOOB LIKE 'runoob%';     # 表名以runoob开头的表的信息
mysql> SHOW TABLE STATUS from RUNOOB LIKE 'runoob%'\G;   # 加上 \G，查询结果按列打印
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