快速搭建基于webpack的babylon.js开发手脚架
原文:https://doc.babylonjs.com/how_to/page2
创建一个项目
首先你需要设置你项目的位置。
-
创建一个文件夹用来存储你的项目文件
-
在根目录中新建以下文件夹:
- dist
- public
- src
-
主要文件
-
进入src文件夹并创建
app.ts
文件 -
进入public文件夹并创建
index.html
文件 -
你的html文件应该看起来像这样:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title of Your Project</title> </head> <body> </body> </html>
注意当前我们的html body里面啥也没有,后面我们会在app.ts文件中创建一个画布。
-
安装Babylon.js
-
生成package.json文件
npm init
您可以立即填写这些内容,也可以继续按Enter并稍后将其填写在package.json中
-
在项目根路径下,打开终端
-
安装Babylon.js
npm install --save-dev @babylonjs/core npm install -场景-save-dev @babylonjs/inspector
这将安装你需要的所有babylon依赖项
-
Typescript支持
tsc --init
这会创建一个默认的tsconfig.json文件,你可以用以下内容覆盖它:
{ "compilerOptions": { "target": "es6", "module": "commonjs", "noResolve": false, "noImplicitAny": false, "sourceMap": true, "preserveConstEnums":true, "lib": [ "dom", "es6" ], "rootDir": "src" } }
设置webpack
安装依赖
现在我们有一个生成的package.json文件,我们需要安装使用webpack的开发依赖。
npm install --save-dev typescript webpack ts-loader webpack-cli
如果失败了多试几次。
配置webpack
现在我们需要配置webpack来确定要做什么。在项目根目录中创建一个`webpack.config.js文件,该例子的配置看起来如下:
const path = require("path");
const fs = require('fs');
const appDirectory = fs.realpathSync(process.cwd());
module.exports = {
entry: path.resolve(appDirectory, "src/app.ts"), //path to the main .ts file
output: {
filename: 'js/bundleName.js' //name for the javascript file that is created/compiled in memory
},
resolve: {
extensions: [".tsx", ".ts", ".js"]
},
module: {
rules: [
{
test: /\.tsx?$/,
use: "ts-loader",
exclude: /node_modules/
},
]
},
mode: "development"
};
插件
另外,我们安装一些帮助我们在本地运行更新,和清理捆绑内容。
npm install --save-dev html-webpack-plugin
npm install --save-dev clean-webpack-plugin
npm install --save-dev webpack-dev-server
安装完这些东西,我们需要将它们添加到webpack.config.js文件中,添加完的webpack.config.js如下:
const path = require("path");
const fs = require('fs');
const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin');
const { CleanWebpackPlugin } = require('clean-webpack-plugin');
const appDirectory = fs.realpathSync(process.cwd());
module.exports = {
entry: path.resolve(appDirectory, "src/app.ts"), //path to the main .ts file
output: {
filename: 'js/bundleName.js' //name for the js file that is created/compiled in memory
},
resolve: {
extensions: [".tsx", ".ts", ".js"]
},
devServer: {
host: '0.0.0.0',
port: 8080, //port that we're using for local host (localhost:8080)
disableHostCheck: true,
contentBase: path.resolve(appDirectory, "public"), //tells webpack to serve from the public folder
publicPath: '/',
hot: true
},
module: {
rules: [
{
test: /\.tsx?$/,
use: "ts-loader",
exclude: /node_modules/
},
]
},
plugins: [
new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
inject: true,
template: path.resolve(appDirectory, "public/index.html")
}),
new CleanWebpackPlugin()
],
mode: "development"
};
现在我们构建并运行项目时,如果作了什么修改,浏览器都会自动刷新使我们马上看到变化。另外,HTML Webpack插件正在获取已编译的javascript捆绑文件,并将其注入到我们的index.html文件中,该.js捆绑包将显示在dist文件夹内。
创建场景
我们将app.ts作为我们项目的主要入口点。
设置并创建App类
App类将作为我们整个游戏应用
这是一个非常简单的示例,说明如何设置场景,应将其分为不同的功能,并在项目进行过程中使用类变量,
app.ts
import "@babylonjs/core/Debug/debugLayer";
import "@babylonjs/inspector";
import "@babylonjs/loaders/glTF";
import { Engine, Scene, ArcRotateCamera, Vector3, HemisphericLight, Mesh, MeshBuilder } from "@babylonjs/core";
class App {
constructor() {
// create the canvas html element and attach it to the webpage
var canvas = document.createElement("canvas");
canvas.style.width = "100%";
canvas.style.height = "100%";
canvas.id = "gameCanvas";
document.body.appendChild(canvas);
// initialize babylon scene and engine
var engine = new Engine(canvas, true);
var scene = new Scene(engine);
var camera: ArcRotateCamera = new ArcRotateCamera("Camera", Math.PI / 2, Math.PI / 2, 2, Vector3.Zero(), scene);
camera.attachControl(canvas, true);
var light1: HemisphericLight = new HemisphericLight("light1", new Vector3(1, 1, 0), scene);
var sphere: Mesh = MeshBuilder.CreateSphere("sphere", { diameter: 1 }, scene);
// hide/show the Inspector
window.addEventListener("keydown", (ev) => {
// Shift+Ctrl+Alt+I
if (ev.shiftKey && ev.ctrlKey && ev.altKey && ev.keyCode === 73) {
if (scene.debugLayer.isVisible()) {
scene.debugLayer.hide();
} else {
scene.debugLayer.show();
}
}
});
// run the main render loop
engine.runRenderLoop(() => {
scene.render();
});
}
}
new App();
捆绑项目并在本地运行
现在我们的项目已经设置好了,怎么在本地运行呢?我们需要在package.json文件中配置任务,在你的package.json文件中,用下面代码覆盖"scripts":
"scripts": {
"build": "webpack",
"start": "webpack-dev-server --port 8080"
},
现在我们需要做的是:
npm run build
npm run start
然后打开浏览器浏览localhost:8080,你会看到一个球。