Linux安装配置mysql
1.假设已经有mysql-5.5.10.tar.gz以及cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz两个源文件
(1)先安装cmake(mysql5.5以后是通过cmake来编译的)
[root@ rhel5 local]#tar -zxv -f cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz
[root@ rhel5 local]#cd cmake-2.8.4
[root@ rhel5 cmake-2.8.4]#./configure
[root@ rhel5 cmake-2.8.4]#make
[root@ rhel5 cmake-2.8.4]#make install
(2)创建mysql的安装目录及数据库存放目录
[root@ rhel5~]#mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql //安装mysql
[root@ rhel5~]#mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/data //存放数据库
(3)创建mysql用户及用户组
[root@ rhel5~]groupadd mysql
[root@ rhel5~]useradd -r -g mysql mysql
(4)安装mysql
[root@ rhel5 local]#tar -zxv -f mysql-5.5.10.tar.gz
[root@ rhel5 local]#cd mysql-5.5.10
[root@ rhel5 mysql-5.5.10]#cmake .
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1
[root@ rhel5 mysql-5.5.10]#make
[root@ rhel5 mysql-5.5.10]#make install
参数说明:
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql //安装目录
-DINSTALL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data //数据库存放目录
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 //使用utf8字符
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci //校验字符
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all //安装所有扩展字符集
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 //允许从本地导入数据
如果出现一下错误:
cmake .
-- MySQL 5.5.8
-- Could NOT find Curses (missing: CURSES_LIBRARY CURSES_INCLUDE_PATH)
CMake Error at cmake/readline.cmake:82 (MESSAGE):
Curses library not found. Please install appropriate package,
remove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.On Debian/Ubuntu, package name is libncurses5-dev, on Redhat and derivates it is ncurses-devel.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
cmake/readline.cmake:126 (FIND_CURSES)
cmake/readline.cmake:216 (MYSQL_USE_BUNDLED_LIBEDIT)
CMakeLists.txt:256 (MYSQL_CHECK_READLINE)
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
安装:
# yum -y install ncurses-devel
注意事项:
重新编译时,需要清除旧的对象文件和缓存信息。
# make clean
# rm -f CMakeCache.txt
# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
2.配置
(1)设置目录权限
[root@ rhel5~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@ rhel5 mysql]# chown -R root:mysql . //把当前目录中所有文件的所有者所有者设为root,所属组为mysql
[root@ rhel5 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql data
(2)
[root@ rhel5 mysql]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf //将mysql的启动服务添加到系统服务中
(3)创建系统数据库的表
[root@ rhel5 mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@ rhel5 mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
(4)设置环境变量
[root@ rhel5~]# vi /root/.bash_profile
在PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin添加参数为:
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib
[root@ rhel5~]#source /root/.bash_profile
(5)手动启动mysql
[root@ rhel5~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@ rhel5 mysql]# ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & //启动MySQL,但不能停止
启动日志写在此文件下:/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.err
关闭MySQL服务
[root@ rhel5 mysql]# mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown //这里MySQL的root用户还没有配置密码,所以为空值。需要输入密码时,直接点回车键即可。
(6)另一种简单的启动mysql的方法(mysql已经被添加到系统服务中)
[root@ rhel5~]# service mysql.server start
[root@ rhel5~]# service mysql.server stop
[root@ rhel5~]# service mysql.server restart
如果上述命令出现:mysql.server 未识别的服务
则可能mysql还没添加到系统服务中,下面用另一种方法添加:
[root@ rhel5 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql //将mysql的启动服务添加到系统服务中
注意:主要是将mysql.server拷贝到/etc/init.d中,命名为mysql。在有的系统中,mysql.server在/usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server中,而本系统中,mysql.server在/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server中。
然后再用#service mysql start 来启动mysql即可。
(7)修改MySQL的root用户的密码以及打开远程连接
[root@ rhel5~]# mysql -u root mysql
mysql>use mysql;
mysql>desc user;
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "root"; //为root添加远程连接的能力。
mysql>update user set Password = password('xxxxxx') where User='root';
mysql>select Host,User,Password from user where User='root';
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql>exit
重新登录:mysql -u root -p
若还不能进行远程连接,则关闭防火墙
[root@ rhel5~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables stop
注:如果不能远程连接,出现错误mysql error number 1130,则加入下面语句试试:
mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '******' WITH GRANT OPTION;
编译安装PDO_MYSQL拓展模块,总是提示 PDO_MYSQL make: *** [pdo_mysql.lo] Error 1 下 /software/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/php_pdo_mysql_int.h:25:19: error: mysql.h: No such file or directoryIn file included from /software/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/pdo_mysql.c:31:
解决办法:
通过软连接把MySQL头文件对应到/usr/local/include/下就好
比如你的MySQL安装文件位于/usr/local/mysql,那么就执行以下命令:
第一种方法:
# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/* /usr/local/include/
第二种方法:
yum install mysql-devel
[root@cms-test PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2]# make install