java 实现websocket的两种方式
简单说明
1.两种方式,一种使用tomcat的websocket实现,一种使用spring的websocket
2.tomcat的方式需要tomcat 7.x,JEE7的支持。
3.spring与websocket整合需要spring 4.x,并且使用了socketjs,对不支持websocket的浏览器可以模拟websocket使用
方式一:tomcat
使用这种方式无需别的任何配置,只需服务端一个处理类,
服务器端代码
- package com.Socket;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.util.Map;
- import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
- import javax.websocket.*;
- import javax.websocket.server.PathParam;
- import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint;
- import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
- @ServerEndpoint("/websocket/{username}")
- public class WebSocket {
- private static int onlineCount = 0;
- private static Map<String, WebSocket> clients = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, WebSocket>();
- private Session session;
- private String username;
- @OnOpen
- public void onOpen(@PathParam("username") String username, Session session) throws IOException {
- this.username = username;
- this.session = session;
- addOnlineCount();
- clients.put(username, this);
- System.out.println("已连接");
- }
- @OnClose
- public void onClose() throws IOException {
- clients.remove(username);
- subOnlineCount();
- }
- @OnMessage
- public void onMessage(String message) throws IOException {
- JSONObject jsonTo = JSONObject.fromObject(message);
- if (!jsonTo.get("To").equals("All")){
- sendMessageTo("给一个人", jsonTo.get("To").toString());
- }else{
- sendMessageAll("给所有人");
- }
- }
- @OnError
- public void onError(Session session, Throwable error) {
- error.printStackTrace();
- }
- public void sendMessageTo(String message, String To) throws IOException {
- // session.getBasicRemote().sendText(message);
- //session.getAsyncRemote().sendText(message);
- for (WebSocket item : clients.values()) {
- if (item.username.equals(To) )
- item.session.getAsyncRemote().sendText(message);
- }
- }
- public void sendMessageAll(String message) throws IOException {
- for (WebSocket item : clients.values()) {
- item.session.getAsyncRemote().sendText(message);
- }
- }
- public static synchronized int getOnlineCount() {
- return onlineCount;
- }
- public static synchronized void addOnlineCount() {
- WebSocket.onlineCount++;
- }
- public static synchronized void subOnlineCount() {
- WebSocket.onlineCount--;
- }
- public static synchronized Map<String, WebSocket> getClients() {
- return clients;
- }
- }
客户端js
- var websocket = null;
- var username = localStorage.getItem("name");
- //判断当前浏览器是否支持WebSocket
- if ('WebSocket' in window) {
- websocket = new WebSocket("ws://" + document.location.host + "/WebChat/websocket/" + username + "/"+ _img);
- } else {
- alert('当前浏览器 Not support websocket')
- }
- //连接发生错误的回调方法
- websocket.onerror = function() {
- setMessageInnerHTML("WebSocket连接发生错误");
- };
- //连接成功建立的回调方法
- websocket.onopen = function() {
- setMessageInnerHTML("WebSocket连接成功");
- }
- //接收到消息的回调方法
- websocket.onmessage = function(event) {
- setMessageInnerHTML(event.data);
- }
- //连接关闭的回调方法
- websocket.onclose = function() {
- setMessageInnerHTML("WebSocket连接关闭");
- }
- //监听窗口关闭事件,当窗口关闭时,主动去关闭websocket连接,防止连接还没断开就关闭窗口,server端会抛异常。
- window.onbeforeunload = function() {
- closeWebSocket();
- }
- //关闭WebSocket连接
- function closeWebSocket() {
- websocket.close();
- }
发送消息只需要使用websocket.send("发送消息"),就可以触发服务端的onMessage()方法,当连接时,触发服务器端onOpen()方法,此时也可以调用发送消息的方法去发送消息。关闭websocket时,触发服务器端onclose()方法,此时也可以发送消息,但是不能发送给自己,因为自己的已经关闭了连接,但是可以发送给其他人。
方法二:spring整合
此方式基于spring mvc框架,相关配置可以看我的相关博客文章
WebSocketConfig.java
这个类是配置类,所以需要在spring mvc配置文件中加入对这个类的扫描,第一个addHandler是对正常连接的配置,第二个是如果浏览器不支持websocket,使用socketjs模拟websocket的连接。
- package com.websocket;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
- import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocket;
- import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketConfigurer;
- import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketHandlerRegistry;
- import org.springframework.web.socket.handler.TextWebSocketHandler;
- @Configuration
- @EnableWebSocket
- public class WebSocketConfig implements WebSocketConfigurer {
- @Override
- public void registerWebSocketHandlers(WebSocketHandlerRegistry registry) {
- registry.addHandler(chatMessageHandler(),"/webSocketServer").addInterceptors(new ChatHandshakeInterceptor());
- registry.addHandler(chatMessageHandler(), "/sockjs/webSocketServer").addInterceptors(new ChatHandshakeInterceptor()).withSockJS();
- }
- @Bean
- public TextWebSocketHandler chatMessageHandler(){
- return new ChatMessageHandler();
- }
- }
ChatHandshakeInterceptor.java
这个类的作用就是在连接成功前和成功后增加一些额外的功能,Constants.java类是一个工具类,两个常量。
- package com.websocket;
- import java.util.Map;
- import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
- import org.springframework.http.server.ServerHttpRequest;
- import org.springframework.http.server.ServerHttpResponse;
- import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketHandler;
- import org.springframework.web.socket.server.support.HttpSessionHandshakeInterceptor;
- public class ChatHandshakeInterceptor extends HttpSessionHandshakeInterceptor {
- @Override
- public boolean beforeHandshake(ServerHttpRequest request, ServerHttpResponse response, WebSocketHandler wsHandler,
- Map<String, Object> attributes) throws Exception {
- System.out.println("Before Handshake");
- /*
- * if (request instanceof ServletServerHttpRequest) {
- * ServletServerHttpRequest servletRequest = (ServletServerHttpRequest)
- * request; HttpSession session =
- * servletRequest.getServletRequest().getSession(false); if (session !=
- * null) { //使用userName区分WebSocketHandler,以便定向发送消息 String userName =
- * (String) session.getAttribute(Constants.SESSION_USERNAME); if
- * (userName==null) { userName="default-system"; }
- * attributes.put(Constants.WEBSOCKET_USERNAME,userName);
- *
- * } }
- */
- //使用userName区分WebSocketHandler,以便定向发送消息(使用shiro获取session,或是使用上面的方式)
- String userName = (String) SecurityUtils.getSubject().getSession().getAttribute(Constants.SESSION_USERNAME);
- if (userName == null) {
- userName = "default-system";
- }
- attributes.put(Constants.WEBSOCKET_USERNAME, userName);
- return super.beforeHandshake(request, response, wsHandler, attributes);
- }
- @Override
- public void afterHandshake(ServerHttpRequest request, ServerHttpResponse response, WebSocketHandler wsHandler,
- Exception ex) {
- System.out.println("After Handshake");
- super.afterHandshake(request, response, wsHandler, ex);
- }
- }
ChatMessageHandler.java
这个类是对消息的一些处理,比如是发给一个人,还是发给所有人,并且前端连接时触发的一些动作
- package com.websocket;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
- import org.springframework.web.socket.CloseStatus;
- import org.springframework.web.socket.TextMessage;
- import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketSession;
- import org.springframework.web.socket.handler.TextWebSocketHandler;
- public class ChatMessageHandler extends TextWebSocketHandler {
- private static final ArrayList<WebSocketSession> users;// 这个会出现性能问题,最好用Map来存储,key用userid
- private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(ChatMessageHandler.class);
- static {
- users = new ArrayList<WebSocketSession>();
- }
- /**
- * 连接成功时候,会触发UI上onopen方法
- */
- @Override
- public void afterConnectionEstablished(WebSocketSession session) throws Exception {
- System.out.println("connect to the websocket success......");
- users.add(session);
- // 这块会实现自己业务,比如,当用户登录后,会把离线消息推送给用户
- // TextMessage returnMessage = new TextMessage("你将收到的离线");
- // session.sendMessage(returnMessage);
- }
- /**
- * 在UI在用js调用websocket.send()时候,会调用该方法
- */
- @Override
- protected void handleTextMessage(WebSocketSession session, TextMessage message) throws Exception {
- sendMessageToUsers(message);
- //super.handleTextMessage(session, message);
- }
- /**
- * 给某个用户发送消息
- *
- * @param userName
- * @param message
- */
- public void sendMessageToUser(String userName, TextMessage message) {
- for (WebSocketSession user : users) {
- if (user.getAttributes().get(Constants.WEBSOCKET_USERNAME).equals(userName)) {
- try {
- if (user.isOpen()) {
- user.sendMessage(message);
- }
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- break;
- }
- }
- }
- /**
- * 给所有在线用户发送消息
- *
- * @param message
- */
- public void sendMessageToUsers(TextMessage message) {
- for (WebSocketSession user : users) {
- try {
- if (user.isOpen()) {
- user.sendMessage(message);
- }
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
- @Override
- public void handleTransportError(WebSocketSession session, Throwable exception) throws Exception {
- if (session.isOpen()) {
- session.close();
- }
- logger.debug("websocket connection closed......");
- users.remove(session);
- }
- @Override
- public void afterConnectionClosed(WebSocketSession session, CloseStatus closeStatus) throws Exception {
- logger.debug("websocket connection closed......");
- users.remove(session);
- }
- @Override
- public boolean supportsPartialMessages() {
- return false;
- }
- }
spring-mvc.xml
正常的配置文件,同时需要增加对WebSocketConfig.java类的扫描,并且增加
- xmlns:websocket="http://www.springframework.org/schema/websocket"
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/websocket
- <a target="_blank" href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/websocket/spring-websocket-4.1.xsd">http://www.springframework.org/schema/websocket/spring-websocket-4.1.xsd</a>
客户端
- <script type="text/javascript"
- src="http://localhost:8080/Bank/js/sockjs-0.3.min.js"></script>
- <script>
- var websocket;
- if ('WebSocket' in window) {
- websocket = new WebSocket("ws://" + document.location.host + "/Bank/webSocketServer");
- } else if ('MozWebSocket' in window) {
- websocket = new MozWebSocket("ws://" + document.location.host + "/Bank/webSocketServer");
- } else {
- websocket = new SockJS("http://" + document.location.host + "/Bank/sockjs/webSocketServer");
- }
- websocket.onopen = function(evnt) {};
- websocket.onmessage = function(evnt) {
- $("#test").html("(<font color='red'>" + evnt.data + "</font>)")
- };
- websocket.onerror = function(evnt) {};
- websocket.onclose = function(evnt) {}
- $('#btn').on('click', function() {
- if (websocket.readyState == websocket.OPEN) {
- var msg = $('#id').val();
- //调用后台handleTextMessage方法
- websocket.send(msg);
- } else {
- alert("连接失败!");
- }
- });
- </script>
注意导入socketjs时要使用地址全称,并且连接使用的是http而不是websocket的ws
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