一起学JAVA之《spring boot》03 - 开始spring boot基本配置及项目结构(转)

一、导航

本节内容简介:
1. spring boot 配置文件,使用@SpringBootApplication注解
2. spring boot 修改Java版本 和项目编码
3. 一个标准的spring boot 代码结构
4. 查看当前项目自动配置了那些模块
5. 禁用自动配置
6. 自定义banner及关闭banner

一、spring boot 配置文件,使用@SpringBootApplication注解

spring boot 默认使用application.properties或者application.yml,放置在src/main/resources目录或者类路径的/config下,一般建议就放在src/main/resources
这里我们使用application.properties来配置,这里我们试着修改下端口和访问路径
目录结构如下:
idea项目结构
配置代码:

server.port=8081
server.context-path=/boot
  • 1
  • 2

编写测试controller类

package com.likeoak.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * 测试Controller
 * The type Test controller.
 */
@RestController
public class TestController {
    /**
     * 返回 String 字符串,访问成功,返回“test ok”
     * Test string.
     *
     * @return the string
     */
@RequestMapping("/test")
    public String test(){

        return  "test ok!";
    }

}

启动main方法,及运行APP启动类

package com.likeoak;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;


/**
 * 默认启动类
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class App
{
    public static void main( String[] args )
    {

        SpringApplication.run(App.class,args);
    }
}

访问:http://localhost:8081/boot/test
结果:test ok!

代码解释:
@SpringBootApplication 解释
先看下注解@SpringBootApplication的源码

@SpringBootApplication的源码

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan(excludeFilters = {
        @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = TypeExcludeFilter.class),
        @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class) })
public @interface SpringBootApplication {

里面包含@SpringBootConfiguration的源码

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Configuration
public @interface SpringBootConfiguration {

总结:@SpringBootApplication注解其实是@Configuration,@EnableAutoConfiguration,@ComponentScan这三个注解组合

注解解释
@Configuration 注解:标明该类使用Spring是基于java的配置
@EnableAutoConfiguration :开启自动配置注解,有这个注解spring boot就会根据我们所引用的jar包来自动配置我们需要的配置,这正是spring boot 魔力。

@ComponentScan:spring扫描注解,有这个注解spring boot 就会扫描(默认是以根路径为准)所有的包,来加载所有的@Bean,所有这里的TestController 就是被扫描到的,我们就可以访问了。

二、spring boot 修改Java版本 和项目编码

在使用spring bootde 过程中,想自定义java配置,可以使用以下配置,加载到pom.xml中即可

  <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

三、一个标准的spring boot 代码结构

一个典型的spring boot 项目结构,这也是官网推荐的

com
 +- example
     +- myproject
         +- Application.java
         |
         +- domain
         |   +- Customer.java
         |   +- CustomerRepository.java
         |
         +- service
         |   +- CustomerService.java
         |
         +- web
             +- CustomerController.java

四、 查看当前项目自动配置了那些模块

查看当前项目有哪些自动配置,一共有三种方法
1. 直接运行jar -jar xxx.jar –debug
2. 在application中设置属性

debug=true
  1. 直接在启动的时候,增加启动参数
    idea 增加启动参数--debug

我们可以选着任何一种,访问结果如下
已启动配置:

Positive matches:
-----------------

   DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration matched:
      - @ConditionalOnClass found required class 'org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet'; @ConditionalOnMissingClass did not find unwanted class (OnClassCondition)
      - @ConditionalOnWebApplication (required) found StandardServletEnvironment (OnWebApplicationCondition)

   DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.DispatcherServletConfiguration matched:
      - @ConditionalOnClass found required class 'javax.servlet.ServletRegistration'; @ConditionalOnMissingClass did not find unwanted class (OnClassCondition)
      - Default DispatcherServlet did not find dispatcher servlet beans (DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.DefaultDispatcherServletCondition)

   DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.DispatcherServletRegistrationConfiguration matched:
      - @ConditionalOnClass found required class 'javax.servlet.ServletRegistration'; @ConditionalOnMissingClass did not find unwanted class (OnClassCondition)
      - DispatcherServlet Registration did not find servlet registration bean (DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.DispatcherServletRegistrationCondition)

....

未自动配置:

Negative matches:
-----------------

   ActiveMQAutoConfiguration:
      Did not match:
         - @ConditionalOnClass did not find required classes 'javax.jms.ConnectionFactory', 'org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory' (OnClassCondition)

   AopAutoConfiguration:
      Did not match:
         - @ConditionalOnClass did not find required classes 'org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect', 'org.aspectj.lang.reflect.Advice' (OnClassCondition)

   ArtemisAutoConfiguration:
      Did not match:
         - @ConditionalOnClass did not find required classes 'javax.jms.ConnectionFactory', 'org.apache.activemq.artemis.jms.client.ActiveMQConnectionFactory' (OnClassCondition)

   BatchAutoConfiguration:
      Did not match:
         - @ConditionalOnClass did not find required classes 'org.springframework.batch.core.launch.JobLauncher', 'org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcOperations' (OnClassCondition)

...

五、 禁用自动配置

比如不想自动配置数据库连接,就可以用如何代码来关掉自动配置

/**
 * 测试关闭数据库自动配置
 * The type Data source config.
 */
@Configuration
@EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude = {DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class})
public class DataSourceConfig {

}

六、自定义banner及关闭banner

自定义spring boot 默认启动图案步骤:
1. 直接在src/main/resources下创建一个banner.txt
2. 访问网站http://patorjk.com/software/taag 生成字符,这里我们用”yiqixuejava”(一起学java),将生成的字符复制到banner.txt中,启动应用即可

启动结果:

        .__         .__                              __
 ___.__.|__|   _____|__| ___  _____ __   ____       |__|____ ___  _______
<   |  ||  |  / ____/  | \  \/  /  |  \_/ __ \      |  \__  \\  \/ /\__  \
 \___  ||  | < <_|  |  |  >    <|  |  /\  ___/      |  |/ __ \\   /  / __ \_
 / ____||__|  \__   |__| /__/\_ \____/  \___  > /\__|  (____  /\_/  (____  /
 \/              |__|          \/           \/  \______|    \/           \/

后续会继续推出这一系列spring boot的文章

原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/javastudyr/article/details/73824894

posted @ 2018-01-24 09:33  星朝  阅读(581)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报