Java Calendar使用总结
-
Java Calendar 类时间操作,这也许是创建和管理日历最简单的一个方案,示范代码很简单。
演示了获取时间,日期时间的累加和累减,以及比较。
原文地址:blog.csdn.NET/joyous/article/details/9630893
注意事项:
Calendar 的 month 从 0 开始,也就是全年 12 个月由 0 ~ 11 进行表示。
而 Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK 定义和值如下:
Calendar.SUNDAY = 1
Calendar.MONDAY = 2
Calendar.TUESDAY = 3
Calendar.WEDNESDAY = 4
Calendar.THURSDAY = 5
Calendar.FRIDAY = 6
Calendar.SATURDAY = 7SimpleDateFormat 的格式定义
Letter Date or Time Component Presentation Examples G
Era designator Text AD
y
Year Year 1996
;96
Y
Week year Year 2009
;09
M
Month in year (context sensitive) Month July
;Jul
;07
L
Month in year (standalone form) Month July
;Jul
;07
w
Week in year Number 27
W
Week in month Number 2
D
Day in year Number 189
d
Day in month Number 10
F
Day of week in month Number 2
E
Day name in week Text Tuesday
;Tue
u
Day number of week (1 = Monday, ..., 7 = Sunday) Number 1
a
Am/pm marker Text PM
H
Hour in day (0-23) Number 0
k
Hour in day (1-24) Number 24
K
Hour in am/pm (0-11) Number 0
h
Hour in am/pm (1-12) Number 12
m
Minute in hour Number 30
s
Second in minute Number 55
S
Millisecond Number 978
z
Time zone General time zone Pacific Standard Time
;PST
;GMT-08:00
Z
Time zone RFC 822 time zone -0800
X
Time zone ISO 8601 time zone -08
;-0800
;-08:00
Java Calendar 演示代码如下:
- package demo;
- import java.util.Date;
- import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
- import java.text.DateFormat;
- import java.text.ParseException;
- import java.util.Calendar;
- public class Test
- {
- public Test()
- {
- }
- public static void main(String[] args)
- {
- // 字符串转换日期格式
- // DateFormat fmtDateTime = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
- // 接收传入参数
- // String strDate = args[1];
- // 得到日期格式对象
- // Date date = fmtDateTime.parse(strDate);
- // 完整显示今天日期时间
- String str = (new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS")).format(new Date());
- System.out.println(str);
- // 创建 Calendar 对象
- Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
- try
- {
- // 对 calendar 设置时间的方法
- // 设置传入的时间格式
- SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-M-d H:m:s");
- // 指定一个日期
- Date date = dateFormat.parse("2013-6-1 13:24:16");
- // 对 calendar 设置为 date 所定的日期
- calendar.setTime(date);
- // 按特定格式显示刚设置的时间
- str = (new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS")).format(calendar.getTime());
- System.out.println(str);
- }
- catch (ParseException e)
- {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- // 或者另一種設置 calendar 方式
- // 分別爲 year, month, date, hourOfDay, minute, second
- calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
- calendar.set(2013, 1, 2, 17, 35, 44);
- str = (new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS")).format(calendar.getTime());
- System.out.println(str);
- // Calendar 取得当前时间的方法
- // 初始化 (重置) Calendar 对象
- calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
- // 或者用 Date 来初始化 Calendar 对象
- calendar.setTime(new Date());
- // setTime 类似上面一行
- // Date date = new Date();
- // calendar.setTime(date);
- str = (new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS")).format(calendar.getTime());
- System.out.println(str);
- // 显示年份
- int year = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);
- System.out.println("year is = " + String.valueOf(year));
- // 显示月份 (从0开始, 实际显示要加一)
- int month = calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH);
- System.out.println("nth is = " + (month + 1));
- // 本周几
- int week = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK);
- System.out.println("week is = " + week);
- // 今年的第 N 天
- int DAY_OF_YEAR = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
- System.out.println("DAY_OF_YEAR is = " + DAY_OF_YEAR);
- // 本月第 N 天
- int DAY_OF_MONTH = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
- System.out.println("DAY_OF_MONTH = " + String.valueOf(DAY_OF_MONTH));
- // 3小时以后
- calendar.add(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 3);
- int HOUR_OF_DAY = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
- System.out.println("HOUR_OF_DAY + 3 = " + HOUR_OF_DAY);
- // 当前分钟数
- int MINUTE = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
- System.out.println("MINUTE = " + MINUTE);
- // 15 分钟以后
- calendar.add(Calendar.MINUTE, 15);
- MINUTE = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
- System.out.println("MINUTE + 15 = " + MINUTE);
- // 30分钟前
- calendar.add(Calendar.MINUTE, -30);
- MINUTE = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
- System.out.println("MINUTE - 30 = " + MINUTE);
- // 格式化显示
- str = (new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SS")).format(calendar.getTime());
- System.out.println(str);
- // 重置 Calendar 显示当前时间
- calendar.setTime(new Date());
- str = (new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SS")).format(calendar.getTime());
- System.out.println(str);
- // 创建一个 Calendar 用于比较时间
- Calendar calendarNew = Calendar.getInstance();
- // 设定为 5 小时以前,后者大,显示 -1
- calendarNew.add(Calendar.HOUR, -5);
- System.out.println("时间比较:" + calendarNew.compareTo(calendar));
- // 设定7小时以后,前者大,显示 1
- calendarNew.add(Calendar.HOUR, +7);
- System.out.println("时间比较:" + calendarNew.compareTo(calendar));
- // 退回 2 小时,时间相同,显示 0
- calendarNew.add(Calendar.HOUR, -2);
- System.out.println("时间比较:" + calendarNew.compareTo(calendar));
- }
- }
- SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS");
- /*初始化*/
- Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
- int year = cal.get(Calendar.YEAR);//年
- int month = cal.get(Calendar.MONTH)+1;//月
- int day = cal.get(Calendar.DATE);//日
- int hour = cal.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);//时
- int minute = cal.get(Calendar.MINUTE);//分
- int second = cal.get(Calendar.SECOND);//秒
- int weekday = cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK);//星期 周日-周六对应1-7
- int last = cal.getActualMaximum(cal.DAY_OF_MONTH); // 获取本月最大天数
- int DAY_OF_YEAR = cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);//今年的第几天
- int DAY_OF_MONTH = cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);//本月的第几天
- System.out.println("现在是: "+year+" 年 "+month+" 月 "+day+
- " 日 "+hour+" 时 "+minute+" 分 "+second+" 秒 "+"\nweekday: "+weekday
- +" 本月天数 :"+last+" 今年的第几天:"+DAY_OF_YEAR+" 本月第几天:"+DAY_OF_MONTH);
- cal.set(2013, 5, 4, 13, 44, 51);//年月日时分秒(月份0代表1月) ,毫秒不会自动清零
- System.out.println(sdf.format(cal.getTime()));
- cal.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0);//毫秒清零
- System.out.println(sdf.format(cal.getTime()));
- cal.set(Calendar.YEAR, 2014);//年
- cal.set(Calendar.MONTH, 7);//月(月份0代表1月)
- cal.set(Calendar.DATE, 11);//日
- cal.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 15);//时
- cal.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 33);//分
- cal.set(Calendar.SECOND, 32);//秒
- System.out.println(sdf.format(cal.getTime()));
- cal.setTime(new Date());
- System.out.println(sdf.format(cal.getTime()));
- cal.add(Calendar.YEAR, 1);//年
- cal.add(Calendar.MONTH, 1);//月
- cal.add(Calendar.DATE, 1);//日
- cal.add(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, -1);//时
- cal.add(Calendar.MINUTE, 1);//分
- cal.add(Calendar.SECOND, 1);//秒
- System.out.println(sdf.format(cal.getTime()));
- Calendar calendarNew = Calendar.getInstance();
- calendarNew.add(Calendar.HOUR, -2);
- System.out.println("时间比较:" + calendarNew.compareTo(cal));