使用ZXing在Java后台生成和读取二维码
关于ZXing
ZXing，一个支持在图像中解码和生成条形码(如二维码、PDF 417、EAN、UPC、Aztec、Data Matrix、Codabar)的库。ZXing(“zebra crossing”）是一个开源的、多格式的、用Java实现的一维/二维条码图像处理库，具有到其他语言的端口。
上手使用
pom文件引入相关依赖
1 <!-- ZXing --> 2 <dependency> 3 <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId> 4 <artifactId>core</artifactId> 5 <version>3.3.3</version> 6 </dependency> 7 <dependency> 8 <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId> 9 <artifactId>javase</artifactId> 10 <version>3.3.3</version> 11 </dependency>
二维码生成
1 /** 2 * 二维码生成 3 * 4 * @throws WriterException 5 * @throws IOException 6 */ 7 public static void QREncode() throws WriterException, IOException { 8 String content = "Hello ZXing!"; 9 int width = 200; // 宽度 10 int height = 200; // 高度 11 String format = "png"; // 图片类型 12 Map<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new HashMap<>(); 13 hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8"); // 设置内容编码格式 14 hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H); // 设置纠错等级 15 hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1); //设置二维码边的空度，非负数 16 BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, hints); 17 //MatrixToImageWriter.writeToPath(bitMatrix, format, new File("src/main/resources/static/image/qr/qr1.png").toPath()); 18 19 /* 20 存在问题：能够正常生成二维码，但是生成二维码logo会变成黑白色 21 原因：MatrixToImageConfig默认黑白，需要设置BLACK、WHITE 22 解决：https://ququjioulai.iteye.com/blog/2254382 23 */ 24 MatrixToImageConfig matrixToImageConfig = new MatrixToImageConfig(0xFF000001, 0xFFFFFFFF); 25 BufferedImage bufferedImage = LogoMatrix(MatrixToImageWriter.toBufferedImage(bitMatrix, matrixToImageConfig), new File("src/main/resources/static/image/qr/头像.jpeg")); 26 ImageIO.write(bufferedImage, "png", new File("src/main/resources/static/image/qr/qr2.png")); 27 System.out.println("输出成功"); 28 }
二维码添加logo
1 /** 2 * 二维码添加logo 3 * 4 * @param martixImage 源二维码图片 5 * @param logoFile logo图片 6 * @return 返回带有logo的二维码图片 7 * @throws IOException 8 */ 9 public static BufferedImage LogoMatrix(BufferedImage martixImage, File logoFile) throws IOException { 10 Graphics2D graphics2D = martixImage.createGraphics(); 11 int martixWidth = martixImage.getWidth(); 12 int martixHeight = martixImage.getHeight(); 13 14 15 // 读取Logo图片 16 BufferedImage logo = ImageIO.read(logoFile); 17 // 开始绘制图片 18 graphics2D.drawImage(logo, martixWidth / 5 * 2, martixHeight / 5 * 2, martixWidth / 5, martixHeight / 5, null); // 绘制 19 BasicStroke stroke = new BasicStroke(5, BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND, BasicStroke.JOIN_ROUND); 20 graphics2D.setStroke(stroke); // 设置笔画对象 21 // 指定弧度的圆角矩形 22 RoundRectangle2D.Float round = new RoundRectangle2D.Float(martixWidth / 5 * 2, martixHeight / 5 * 2, martixWidth / 5, martixHeight / 5, 20, 20); 23 graphics2D.setColor(Color.WHITE); 24 graphics2D.draw(round); // 绘制圆弧矩形 25 26 27 // 设置logo有一道灰色边框 28 BasicStroke stroke2 = new BasicStroke(1, BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND, BasicStroke.JOIN_ROUND); 29 graphics2D.setStroke(stroke2); // 设置笔画对象 30 RoundRectangle2D.Float round2 = new RoundRectangle2D.Float(martixWidth / 5 * 2 + 2, martixHeight / 5 * 2 + 2, martixWidth / 5 - 4, martixHeight / 5 - 4, 20, 20); 31 graphics2D.setColor(new Color(128, 128, 128)); 32 graphics2D.draw(round2); 33 34 35 graphics2D.dispose(); 36 martixImage.flush(); 37 return martixImage; 38 }
二维码识别
1 /** 2 * 二维码识别 3 * @param file 二维码图片 4 * @throws IOException 5 * @throws NotFoundException 6 */ 7 public static void QRReader(File file) throws IOException, NotFoundException { 8 MultiFormatReader formatReader = new MultiFormatReader(); 9 // 读取指定的二维码文件 10 BufferedImage bufferedImage = ImageIO.read(file); 11 BinaryBitmap binaryBitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(bufferedImage))); 12 // 定义二维码参数 13 Map hints = new HashMap<EncodeHintType, Object>(); 14 hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8"); 15 Result result = formatReader.decode(binaryBitmap, hints); 16 System.out.println("解析结果："+ result.toString()); 17 System.out.println("二维码格式类型："+ result.getBarcodeFormat()); 18 System.out.println("二维码文本内容："+ result.getText()); 19 bufferedImage.flush(); 20 }
