Dockerfile
Dockfile
步骤
1. 手写符合规范的dockerfile文件
2. docker build 创建一个自定义的镜像
3. docker run 执行
dockerfile规范
保留字大写,后跟参数
#注释
每条指令都会形成一个新的镜像
例如:dockerhub上的centos、redis的例子
FROM scratch
MAINTAINER https://github.com/CentOS/sig-cloud-instance-images
ADD centos-6-docker.tar.xz /
LABEL org.label-schema.schema-version="1.0" \
org.label-schema.name="CentOS Base Image" \
org.label-schema.vendor="CentOS" \
org.label-schema.license="GPLv2" \
org.label-schema.build-date="20181006"
CMD ["/bin/bash"]
FROM debian:buster-slim
# add our user and group first to make sure their IDs get assigned consistently, regardless of whatever dependencies get added
RUN groupadd -r -g 999 redis && useradd -r -g redis -u 999 redis
# grab gosu for easy step-down from root
# https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases
ENV GOSU_VERSION 1.12
RUN set -eux; \
savedAptMark="$(apt-mark showmanual)"; \
apt-get update; \
apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends ca-certificates dirmngr gnupg wget; \
rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; \
...
ENV REDIS_VERSION 6.0.9
ENV REDIS_DOWNLOAD_URL http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-6.0.9.tar.gz
ENV REDIS_DOWNLOAD_SHA dc2bdcf81c620e9f09cfd12e85d3bc631c897b2db7a55218fd8a65eaa37f86dd
RUN set -eux; \
\
savedAptMark="$(apt-mark showmanual)"; \
apt-get update; \
apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
; \
rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; \
\
wget -O redis.tar.gz "$REDIS_DOWNLOAD_URL"; \
echo "$REDIS_DOWNLOAD_SHA *redis.tar.gz" | sha256sum -c -; \
mkdir -p /usr/src/redis; \
tar -xzf redis.tar.gz -C /usr/src/redis --strip-components=1; \
rm redis.tar.gz; \
\
.....
redis-cli --version; \
redis-server --version
RUN mkdir /data && chown redis:redis /data
VOLUME /data
WORKDIR /data
COPY docker-entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/
ENTRYPOINT ["docker-entrypoint.sh"]
EXPOSE 6379
CMD ["redis-server"]
-
FROM 指定基础镜像(镜像源)
-
MAINTAINER 指定作者、邮箱
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RUN 镜像构建时执行的命令
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CMD 容器启动时运行的命令,仅最后一个生效,会被docker run的其他参数覆盖
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ENTRYPOINT 追加容器运行时的命令
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EXPOSE 当前容器暴露的端口
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WORKDIR 创建容器后,终端默认登陆进来的工作目录
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ENV 指定环境变量
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ADD 将宿主机目录(源路径:构建上下文目录)下的文件拷贝进镜像中(目标路径),并且解压缩和处理相应的url
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COPY 拷贝
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LABEL 标签
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VOLUMN 容器数据卷,用于持久化保存数据