Ansible-----条件判断与错误处理
when
在ansible中,条件判断的关键词是when
--- - hosts: all remote_user: root tasks: - debug: msg: "System release is centos" when: ansible_distribution == "CentOS"
ansible_distribution就是facts信息中的一个key,之前如果我们需要引用变量一般是通过"{{ key }}"这样的方式获取,但是在when关键词中,不需要添加"{{ }}"。
--- - hosts: all remote_user: root gather_facts: no tasks: - debug: msg: "{{ item }}" with_items: - 1 - 2 - 3 when: item > 1
下面是一个逻辑运算实例
--- - hosts: all remote_user: root tasks: - debug: msg: "System release is centos7" when: ansible_distribution == "CentOS" and ansible_distribution_major_version == "7"
逻辑与除了and 也可以使用列表的方式表示。
--- - hosts: all remote_user: root tasks: - debug: msg: "System release is centos7" when: - ansible_distribution == "CentOS" - ansible_distribution_major_version == "7"
这个列表中的每一项都是一个条件,当所有条件同时成立时,任务才会执行。
fail模块
想要playbook按照我们的意愿中断任务,可以借助fail模块。
在任务没有设置ignore_errors:true情况下,如果有任务执行失败,playbook会自动停止执行,当fail模块执行后,playbook会认为任务执行失败了,会主动中止任务。
--- - hosts: all remote_user: root tasks: - debug: msg: "1" - debug: msg: "2" - fail: - debug: msg: "3" - debug: msg: "4"
我们也可以通过fail模块自带的msg,自定义报错信息,
--- - hosts: test70 remote_user: root tasks: - debug: msg: "1" - fail: msg: "Interrupt running playbook" - debug: msg: "2"
fail+when
fail模块通常与when模块结合,如果中断剧本的条件成立,则执行fail模块,中断剧本。
--- - hosts: all remote_user: root tasks: - shell: "echo 'This is a string for testing--error'" register: return_value - fail: msg: "Conditions established,Interrupt running playbook" when: "'error' in return_value.stdout" - debug: msg: "I never execute,Because the playbook has stopped"
failed_when也可以完成类似的功能,当条件成立时将对应任务的状态设置为失败,中止剧本。
--- - hosts: all remote_user: root tasks: - debug: msg: "I execute normally" - shell: "echo 'This is a string for testing error'" register: return_value failed_when: ' "error" in return_value.stdout' - debug: msg: "I never execute,Because the playbook has stopped"
changed_when
failed_when关键词的作用是在条件成立时将任务状态改为失败。
changed_when关键词的作用是在条件成立时,将任务状态改为changed。
--- - hosts: all remote_user: root tasks: - debug: msg: "test message" changed_when: 2 > 1
当changed_when状态被设置为false时,不管原任务状态为啥,最终都会被设置为ok状态
--- - hosts: all remote_user: root tasks: - shell: "ls /opt" changed_when: True
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