nginx高可用
NGINX高可用
任务1 NGINX高可用
1. 准备工作
(1)需要准备两台服务器192.168.174.37(主) 和 192.168.174.36(备)
(2)两台服务器都安装nginx
(3)两台服务器安装keepalived
2. 安装Nginx
(1)使⽤用Nginx官⽅方提供的rpm包。
[root@nginx ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
[nginx] name=nginx repo baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/ gpgcheck=0 enabled=1
(2)执行yum安装
[root@nginx ~]# yum -y install nginx
[root@nginx ~]# systemctl start nginx
[root@nginx ~]# systemctl enable nginx
3. 安装keepalived
[root@test ~]# yum -y install keepalived
4. 配置主keepalived
[root@nginx ~]# cd /etc/keepalived/ [root@nginx keepalived]# cp keepalived.conf keepalived.conf.bak [root@nginx keepalived]# > keepalived.conf
[root@nginx keepalived]# vi keepalived.conf
global_defs { vrrp_garp_interval 0 vrrp_gna_interval 0 } #VIP1 vrrp_instance VI_1 { state MASTER interface ens33 virtual_router_id 50 priority 100 advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.174.50 } }
5. 主keepalived.conf传到备机并修改
[root@nginx keepalived]# scp keepalived.conf root@192.168.174.36:/etc/keepalived/ The authenticity of host '192.168.174.36 (192.168.174.36)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is af:b5:02:13:22:e6:f3:8e:75:7c:45:c5:dc:28:47:8e. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '192.168.174.36' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts. root@192.168.174.36's password: keepalived.conf 100% 374 0.4KB/s 00:00
#切换到备机192.168.174.36(备)上去修改keepalived.conf,只需修改
[root@test keepalived]# vi keepalived.conf
global_defs { vrrp_garp_interval 0 vrrp_gna_interval 0 } #VIP1 vrrp_instance VI_1 { state BACKUP interface ens33 virtual_router_id 50 priority 90 advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.174.50 } }
6. 配置准备nginx
#主192.168.174.37
[root@nginx keepalived]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ [root@nginx yum.repos.d]# cp /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html.bak [root@nginx yum.repos.d]# >/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html [root@nginx yum.repos.d]# vi /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html web01
#备 192.168.174.36
[root@test yum.repos.d]# cp /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html.bak [root@test yum.repos.d]# >/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html [root@test yum.repos.d]# vi /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html web02
7. 启动服务并开机自启
[root@nginx yum.repos.d]# systemctl start nginx && systemctl enable nginx [root@nginx yum.repos.d]# systemctl start keepalived && systemctl enable keepalived Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/keepalived.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service.
8. 访问各站点(主备及vip)
9. 测试主备切换
在192.168.174.37(主)上,停掉keepalived,测试主备切换
[root@nginx ~]# systemctl stop keepalive
刷新页面,vip已经切换到备(192.168.174.36上)
再主上启动keepalived
[root@nginx ~]# systemctl start keepalived
刷新页面,发现又切换回来了
10. nginx存活测试
在主服务器192.168.174.37上添加如下参数:
global_defs { vrrp_garp_interval 0 vrrp_gna_interval 0 } vrrp_script chk_nginx { script "/opt/chknginx.sh" interval 1 weight -20 } #VIP1 vrrp_instance VI_1 { state MASTER interface eno16777736 virtual_router_id 50 priority 100 advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.174.50 } track_script { chk_nginx } } #VIP1 vrrp_instance VI_1 { state BACKUP interface eno16777736 virtual_router_id 50 priority 90 advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.174.50 } track_script { chk_nginx } }
在/opt下创建chknginx.sh文件,授予权限
[root@nginx ~]# chmod 775 /opt/chknginx.sh
在主nginx上关闭服务器
[root@nginx ~]# shutdown -h now
则vip会漂移到备服务器192.168.174.37上。
浏览器输入 http://192.168.174.50 可查看是否有跳转到备服务器上