Spring学习十一----------Bean的配置之基于Java的容器注解@Bean
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@Bean
-@Bean标识一个用于配置和初始化一个由SpringIOC容器管理的新对象的方法，类似于XML配置文件的<bean/>
-可以在Spring的@Component注解的类中使用@Bean注解任何方法（仅仅是可以）
-在上一点中，通过使用的是@Configuration
实例
1.项目结构
2.pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.springbean</groupId>
<artifactId>Spring-JavaBean</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>Spring-JavaBean Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<spring.version>4.3.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- junit依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring核心依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>Spring-JavaBean</finalName>
</build>
</project>
3.spring-javabean.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="org.spring.javabean"/>
</beans>
4.Store.java
package org.spring.javabean;
public interface Store {
}
5.StringStore.java
package org.spring.javabean;
public class StringStore implements Store {
public void init() {
System.out.println("执行了init方法");
}
public void destroy() {
System.out.println("执行了destroy方法");
}
}
6.StoreConfig.java
package org.spring.javabean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class StoreConfig {
@Bean(name="stringStore", initMethod="init", destroyMethod="destroy")
public Store stringStore() {
return new StringStore();
}
}
7.TestBase.java
package org.spring.javabean.test;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
public class TestBase {
private ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context;
private String springXmlPath;
/**
* 无参构造器
*/
public TestBase() {
}
/**
* 含参构造器，初始化spring配置文件路径
*
* @param springXmlPath
* spring配置文件路径
*/
public TestBase(String springXmlPath) {
this.springXmlPath = springXmlPath;
}
/**
* 初始化加载spring配置文件到IOC容器中
*/
@Before
public void before() {
if(StringUtils.isEmpty(springXmlPath)){
springXmlPath = "classpath:spring-*.xml";
}
context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(springXmlPath.split("[,\\s]+"));
context.start();
}
/**
* 销毁IOC容器
*/
@After
public void after() {
if(context != null){
context.destroy();
}
}
/**
* 通过bean ID获取bean对象
*
* @param beanId
* bean ID
* @return
*/
public Object getBean(String beanId) {
return context.getBean(beanId);
}
}
8.TestSpringJavaBean.java
package org.spring.javabean.test;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.spring.javabean.Store;
public class TestSpringJavaBean extends TestBase {
public TestSpringJavaBean() {
super("classpath:spring-javabean.xml");
}
@Test
public void testJavaBean() {
Store store = (Store) super.getBean("stringStore");
System.out.println(store.getClass().getName());
}
}
9.效果预览
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