声明：本文纯为个人笔记整理，如有不妥之处还望及时指出，欢迎转载！
只为解决操作问题，可以从第二幅图往后看！
一、做不出详细的概念叙述和文本设计，本文主要以实战步骤为主，少量解释为辅助，下面请大家牢记两幅图：
截图来自张开涛博客
典型的jsp(java server page)是一种服务器执行的组件，运行在标准HTML页面的java技术，最终还是被编译成服务器可以识别的servlet代码，生成.class文件，相比Servlet开发简洁、方便，缺点是视图显示、业务控制比较复杂，而且把对后端操作放在jsp页面很不安全；
故产生了Jsp+JavaBean开发，使用<jsp:usebean>标签，自动将请求封装为javabean组件，可以认为是为了增强jsp开发；这也是单一的开发思路，即下图所示，这种模型同样是没有本子上解决问题，大量的业务处理依然在jsp页面中，而bean负责的只有参数的请求处理；所以出现了我们的MVC模型；
jsp+bean模型
MVC模型
在JvavEE的开发中，可以认为下图就是我们的web mvc模型
控制器用servlet、模型用JavaBean、视图采用Jsp
二、下面开始步入正题；
进行springmvc开发，写业务逻辑之前，首先要做到：
1.开发环境（jdk+IDE+maven+mysql）
2.配置环境（web.xml、pom.xml、application.xml、springmvc.xml、mybatis.xml）
3.定义domian、生成dao、mapper
按照上述步骤进行开发，便于在后期调错，另外 可以个那好的梳理业务逻辑，本文只介绍，文件配置到连接上数据库。
三、SpringMvc开发用到的通用配置文件
1.pom.xml这里粘贴一个详细的pom文件，包含各种依赖和maven常用的几个插件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>Traing</groupId>
<artifactId>springmvc</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>springmvc</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<webVersion>2.3</webVersion>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.4.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.4.3</version>
</dependency>
<!--以下四个是SpringMvc中数据校验jar包jsr 303的相关依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>5.1.3.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
<artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
<version>1.1.0.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jboss.logging</groupId>
<artifactId>jboss-logging</artifactId>
<version>3.1.1.GA</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
<artifactId>bean-validator</artifactId>
<version>3.0-JBoss-4.0.2</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.enterprise.deploy</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.jms</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.management.j2ee</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.eclipse.persistence</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.persistence</artifactId>
<version>2.0.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.resource</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.security.auth.message</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.security.jacc</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
<artifactId>jaxb-api-osgi</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.ws.rs</groupId>
<artifactId>jsr311-api</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl-impl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
<artifactId>mail</artifactId>
<version>1.4.3</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.xml</groupId>
<artifactId>webservices-api-osgi</artifactId>
<version>2.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jboss.weld</groupId>
<artifactId>weld-osgi-bundle</artifactId>
<version>1.0.1-SP3</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 项目其他依赖 -->
<!-- mysql 依赖 https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.23</version>
</dependency>
<!-- junit 依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Mybatis -->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring 依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>3.2.18.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>3.2.18.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-test -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>3.2.18.RELEASE</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>3.2.18.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>3.2.18.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-aop -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>3.2.18.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/aspectj/aspectjweaver -->
<dependency>
<groupId>aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.5.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-tx -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>3.2.18.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jdbc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>3.2.18.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-orm -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>3.2.18.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>3.2.18.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring mybatis 整合依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<!--生成代码插件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-generator-core</artifactId>
<version>1.3.3</version>
<type>jar</type>
</dependency>
<!-- 连接池 -->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-dbcp/commons-dbcp -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-pool/commons-pool -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-pool</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-pool</artifactId>
<version>1.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>3.17</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 文件上传 -->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-fileupload/commons-fileupload -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-io/commons-io -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入c3p0依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>mchange-commons-java</artifactId>
<version>0.2.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>c3p0</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log4j -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.16</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
//打成jar时会自动打包依赖
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.7</source>
<target>1.7</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
<configuration>
<createDependencyReducedPom>true</createDependencyReducedPom>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>shade</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<transformers>
<transformer
implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
<mainClass>com.cmos.task.TaskManager</mainClass>
</transformer>
</transformers>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
|
2.web.xml 需要注意其中两个配置文件 一个是application.xml ：主要配置dataSource、dao、service等跟持久化相近的非webBean
一个是springmvc.xml：配置controller、handlerResolver视图解析器等web层组件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>springmvc</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>/views/login.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- 处理字符集编码 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 配置springmvc核心过滤器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:/springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 配置spring的web工厂 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- RESTful风格的配置：把POST请求转为PUT、DELETE请求-->
<filter>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
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3.application.xml由于我主要用的注解驱动开发，所以这个配置文件没有相关的dao、servic的bean配置、我将mybatis的配置单独写在Mybatis.xml文件里，但是不要忘记引入到这里。如果只有数据库配置的话，也可以直接写进来（不建议）
4.Mybatis.xml 注意db.properties文件中的内容username、password注意不要配置的太通用 有可能会和本机的配置冲突
db.properties文件中的内容
driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/studentmanager?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
jdbcUserName=root
jdbcPassword=root
Mybatis.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd">
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
<!-- 配置数据源-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${driverClassName}">
</property>
<property name="url" value="${url}">
</property>
<property name="username" value="${jdbcUserName}">
</property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbcPassword}">
</property>
</bean>
<!--配置sqlSessionFactory-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 加载mybatis的全局配置文件
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis/sqlMapConfig.xml"/>
-->
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:/Mapper/*Mapper.xml">
</property>
<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="classpath:com.cmos.domain">
</property>
</bean>
<!-- mapper扫描器 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!-- 扫描包路径，如果需要扫描多个包，中间使用半角逗号隔开 -->
<property name="basePackage" value="com.cmos.dao"/>
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<!-- 事务管理 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource">
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 使用annotation注解方式配置事务 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>
|
5.SpringMVC.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">
<!-- 包含：webBean ViewResolver、handlerAdapter controller handlerMapping-->
<!-- 配置自定义扫描的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.cmos.controller,com.cmos.service,com.cmos.dao"/>
<!-- 配置视图解析器：如何把handler方法返回值解析为实际的物理视图 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/views/">
</property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp">
</property>
</bean>
<!-- default-servlet-handler 会在SpringMvc 上下文中定义一个DefaultServletHttpRequestHandler,
它会对进入DispatcherServlet的请求进行筛查，如果发现没有经过映射的请求，就将该请求交由web应用服务器
默认的Servlet处理，如果不是静态资源则用DispathcerServlet进行处理 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<mvc:annotation-driven>
</mvc:annotation-driven>
<!--拦截器-->
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/district"/>
<mvc:mapping path="/organization"/>
<mvc:mapping path="/unit"/>
<mvc:mapping path="/student"/>
<!--com.coms...是我项目的包的名称不要误解 -->
<bean class="com.cmos.handlers.MyInterceptor"></bean>
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
<!-- 配置SimpleMappingExceptionResolver -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
<property name="exceptionMappings">
<props>
<prop key="java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException">error</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
6.dao和mapper.xml 我这里只粘了一个dao和mapper的样例
特别注意：
1.dao参数类型和Mapper的参数类型严格对称
2.mapper中的resultMap配置，前面是数据库字段名、后面是对应对象名，要严格一致
3.不要在Mybtais.xml中引入dao和mapper的位置
package com.cmos.dao;
import com.cmos.domain.District;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import java.util.List;
@Repository
public interface DistrictDao {
int deleteByPrimaryKey(Integer disId);
int insert(District record);
int updateByExample(@Param("example") District example);
List<District> selectAll();
}
Mapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.cmos.dao.DistrictDao">
<resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.cmos.domain.District">
<id column="dis_id" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="disId" />
<result column="dis_name" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="disName" />
</resultMap>
<select id="selectAll" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
select dis_id,dis_name from district
</select>
<delete id="deleteByPrimaryKey" parameterType="java.lang.Integer">
delete from district
where dis_id = #{disId,jdbcType=INTEGER}
</delete>
<insert id="insert" parameterType="com.cmos.domain.District">
insert into district (dis_id, dis_name)
values (#{disId,jdbcType=INTEGER}, #{disName,jdbcType=VARCHAR})
</insert>
<update id="updateByExample" parameterType="com.cmos.domain.District">
update district
set dis_name = #{example.disName,jdbcType=VARCHAR}
where dis_id = #{example.disId,jdbcType=INTEGER}
</update>
</mapper>
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