数据库服务异常停止分析

sqlserver数据库服务异常停止分析

背景

2019年11月13日早上9:37分钟，我们的运维监控系统告警提示某项目数据库服务1433端口无法访问，我们赶紧登陆服务器查看详情，发现数据库服务以及数据库agent服务都已停止，重新手工启动对应的服务恢复生产。接下来我们就需赶紧分析引起这个问题的原因以及如何去修复；

服务器环境情况如下：

Microsoft SQL Server 2017 (RTM-CU14) (KB4484710) - 14.0.3076.1 (X64) Mar 12 2019 19:29:19 Copyright (C) 2017 Microsoft Corporation Enterprise Edition: Core-based Licensing (64-bit) on Windows Server 2012 R2 Datacenter 6.3 <X64> (Build 9600: ) (Hypervisor) 

硬件配置：8CPU ， 32G memory，数据盘SSD云盘 550GiB (18300 IOPS)

分析过程

第一步 查询系统日志

a.有个eventid 1000的错误

- <Event xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/win/2004/08/events/event">
- <System>
  <Provider Name="Application Error" /> 
  <EventID Qualifiers="0">1000</EventID> 
  <Level>2</Level> 
  <Task>100</Task> 
  <Keywords>0x80000000000000</Keywords> 
  <TimeCreated SystemTime="2019-11-13T01:37:40.000000000Z" /> 
  <EventRecordID>8587</EventRecordID> 
  <Channel>Application</Channel> 
  <Computer>****************</Computer> 
  <Security /> 
  </System>
- <EventData>
  <Data>sqlservr.exe</Data> 
  <Data>2017.140.3076.1</Data> 
  <Data>5c88918c</Data> 
  <Data>ntdll.dll</Data> 
  <Data>6.3.9600.19304</Data> 
  <Data>5c7f684f</Data> 
  <Data>c0000374</Data> 
  <Data>00000000000f1cd0</Data> 
  <Data>1b8c</Data> 
  <Data>01d564b93362c212</Data> 
  <Data>E:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL14.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\Binn\sqlservr.exe</Data> 
  <Data>C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\ntdll.dll</Data> 
  <Data>2db02342-05b6-11ea-80ba-a469ceaa5caa</Data> 
  <Data /> 
  <Data /> 
  </EventData>
  </Event>

 

 

 

b.有个eventid 19019的错误；

- <Event xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/win/2004/08/events/event">
- <System>
  <Provider Name="MSSQLSERVER" /> 
  <EventID Qualifiers="16384">19019</EventID> 
  <Level>2</Level> 
  <Task>2</Task> 
  <Keywords>0x80000000000000</Keywords> 
  <TimeCreated SystemTime="2019-11-13T01:37:51.000000000Z" /> 
  <EventRecordID>8589</EventRecordID> 
  <Channel>Application</Channel> 
  <Computer>*******************</Computer> 
  <Security /> 
  </System>
- <EventData>
  <Data>MSSQLSERVER 服务意外终止.</Data> 
  <Binary>B9370000190000001000000069005A006100630075006900650062006400780031007300370069005A000000070000006D00610073007400650072000000</Binary> 
  </EventData>
  </Event>

 

 

我是觉的这些信息不是非常明了，只是告知MSSQLSERVER服务确实在问题时间点意外终止；

c.夹在两个错误日志中间，注意到一个eventid 1001 

- <Event xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/win/2004/08/events/event">
- <System>
  <Provider Name="Windows Error Reporting" /> 
  <EventID Qualifiers="0">1001</EventID> 
  <Level>4</Level> 
  <Task>0</Task> 
  <Keywords>0x80000000000000</Keywords> 
  <TimeCreated SystemTime="2019-11-13T01:37:50.000000000Z" /> 
  <EventRecordID>8588</EventRecordID> 
  <Channel>Application</Channel> 
  <Computer>**********************</Computer> 
  <Security /> 
  </System>
- <EventData>
  <Data /> 
  <Data>0</Data> 
  <Data>APPCRASH</Data> 
  <Data>不可用</Data> 
  <Data>0</Data> 
  <Data>sqlservr.exe</Data> 
  <Data>2017.140.3076.1</Data> 
  <Data>5c88918c</Data> 
  <Data>StackHash_f18b</Data> 
  <Data>6.3.9600.19304</Data> 
  <Data>5c7f684f</Data> 
  <Data>c0000374</Data> 
  <Data>PCH_99_FROM_ntdll+0x0000000000090D0A</Data> 
  <Data /> 
  <Data /> 
  <Data>C:\Users\MSSQLSERVER\AppData\Local\Temp\WERA49D.tmp.appcompat.txt C:\Users\MSSQLSERVER\AppData\Local\Temp\WERA6EF.tmp.WERInternalMetadata.xml C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\WER\ReportQueue\AppCrash_sqlservr.exe_4b5e12dc9b4c86bd34896c996afe289e6149ec98_cac3d1cb_cab_4d0da6ee\triagedump.dmp WERGenerationLog.txt</Data> 
  <Data>C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\WER\ReportQueue\AppCrash_sqlservr.exe_4b5e12dc9b4c86bd34896c996afe289e6149ec98_cac3d1cb_cab_4d0da6ee</Data> 
  <Data /> 
  <Data>0</Data> 
  <Data>2db02342-05b6-11ea-80ba-a469ceaa5caa</Data> 
  <Data>4</Data> 
  <Data /> 
  </EventData>
  </Event>

 

 

 

发现系统已打出了dump文件了，直接把上述地址的文件，拷到本地来分析。

通过windbg查看如下：

 # Child-SP          RetAddr           Call Site
00 000000e1`14c192b8 00007ff8`6012b61e ntdll!NtWaitForMultipleObjects+0xa
01 000000e1`14c192c0 00007ff8`6012b17c ntdll!RtlReportExceptionEx+0x452
02 000000e1`14c19890 00007ff8`60151d26 ntdll!RtlReportException+0xbc
03 000000e1`14c19920 00007ff8`600e1e26 ntdll!RtlReportCriticalFailure$filt$0+0x33
04 000000e1`14c19950 00007ff8`600f030e ntdll!_C_specific_handler+0x96
05 000000e1`14c199c0 00007ff8`600f349d ntdll!_GSHandlerCheck_SEH+0x76
06 000000e1`14c199f0 00007ff8`600b48d7 ntdll!RtlpExecuteHandlerForException+0xd
07 000000e1`14c19a20 00007ff8`600b3afd ntdll!RtlDispatchException+0x197
08 000000e1`14c1a0f0 00007ff8`60151cd0 ntdll!RtlRaiseException+0x18d
09 000000e1`14c1a8b0 00007ff8`60154f12 ntdll!RtlReportCriticalFailure+0x8c
0a 000000e1`14c1a9c0 00007ff8`60155b10 ntdll!RtlpHeapHandleError+0x12
0b 000000e1`14c1a9f0 00007ff8`6010a5ff ntdll!RtlpLogHeapFailure+0xa4
0c 000000e1`14c1aa20 00007ff8`40d269d8 ntdll!RtlFreeHeap+0x74f2f
0d 000000e1`14c1aac0 00007ff8`40d27692 msvcr120!free+0x1c
0e 000000e1`14c1aaf0 00007ff8`31aa748e msvcr120!realloc+0x2e
0f 000000e1`14c1ab20 00000000`00000000 psqlodbc35w+0x5748e

从分析结果来看像是第三方功能引起，接下来就要去数据库去验证猜测

第二步 数据库验证猜测

select * from sys.dm_os_loaded_modules

 

 

 

ODBC中设置如下：

数据库中有个dblink如下：

                

跟对应项目负责人员了解到，最近他们有个临时需求使用job定时在9:30通过dblink与postgres做数据同步，基本时间点也能对上了，那问题基本已明确是第三方的dblink调用造成sql server 异常停止；

那么接下的问题就是分析9:30调用的job的代码，就是运行一个存储过程，存储过程的详细代码如下：

--同步并清洗**销量数据
--1、分别将通过**link获取到的**和**销量数据同步到sfa_t_pflh_sales和sfa_t_drf_sales中
--2、将同步过来的销量数据进行清洗，并按客户需求保存数据到sfa_t_KaSales
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[sfa_p_KaSalesLYNC]
AS
--同步****销量数据
INSERT INTO sfa_t_pflh_sales
SELECT *
FROM OPENQUERY
     (POSTGRES,
      'select * from "tn_bflh_sales" where "tn_tenant_id" = ''****''and tn_product_code<>''合计''AND tn_dealstatus=0 '
     );
--更新*****销量销量数据同步状态tn_dealstatus=1代表已同步
UPDATE OPENQUERY
       (POSTGRES, 'select * from "tn_bflh_sales"')
SET tn_dealstatus = 1
WHERE tn_tenant_id = '****'
      AND tn_dealstatus = 0;

--同步***销量数据
INSERT INTO sfa_t_drf_sales
SELECT *
FROM OPENQUERY
     (POSTGRES, 'select * from "tn_drf_salses" where "tn_tenant_id" = ''****'' AND tn_dealstatus=0 ');

--更新****销量销量数据同步状态tn_dealstatus=1代表已同步
UPDATE OPENQUERY
       (POSTGRES, 'select * from "tn_drf_salses"')
SET tn_dealstatus = 1
WHERE tn_tenant_id = '****'
      AND tn_dealstatus = 0;

--同步***link作业计划日志
TRUNCATE  TABLE sfa_ka_tasklog;
INSERT INTO sfa_ka_tasklog
SELECT * 
FROM OPENQUERY
     (POSTGRES,
      'SELECT t.tn_task_id,t.tn_ka_id,tn_ka_code,tn_dealers_account,t.tn_task_date,i.tn_status,i.tn_task_steps,i.tn_reak FROM tn_ka_task t LEFT JOIN tn_ka_task_info i on t.tn_task_id=i.tn_task_id
where t.tn_tenant_id=''*****'''
     )
	 ORDER BY tn_task_date,tn_task_steps

DELETE FROM sfa_t_KaSales WHERE DATEDIFF(DAY, tn_date, GETDATE()) = 1--清洗数据前，先删除之前清洗好的前一天销量
INSERT INTO sfa_t_KaSales
--清洗******前一天销量数据
SELECT tn_tenant_id,'****'kaname,
       tn_dealer_number,
	   case    WHEN tn_supplier_code = '******' THEN
               '***'
           WHEN tn_supplier_code = '*****' THEN
               '***'
       END quyu,
       tn_supplier_code,
       tn_supplier_name,
       tn_end_date tn_date,
       tn_product_code,
       tn_product_desc producname,
       tn_store_code,
       tn_store_name,
       MAX(tn_sale_quantity) AS tn_day_sales,
       CAST(MAX(tn_sale_amount) AS NVARCHAR(20)) AS tn_sale_amount
FROM sfa_t_pflh_sales
WHERE DATEDIFF(DAY, tn_create_date, GETDATE()) = 0
      --AND tn_dealstatus = 0
GROUP BY tn_tenant_id,
         tn_dealer_number,
         tn_supplier_code,
         tn_supplier_name,
         tn_end_date,
         tn_product_code,
         tn_product_desc,
         tn_store_code,
         tn_store_name
UNION
--清洗****前一天销量数据
SELECT tn_tenant_id,'****'kaname,
       tn_dealer_number,
	   CASE
           WHEN tn_dealer_number = '*****' THEN
               '***'
           WHEN tn_dealer_number = '****' THEN
               '***'
           WHEN tn_dealer_number = '****' THEN
               '***'
       END quyu,
       CASE
           WHEN tn_dealer_number = '****' THEN
               '****'
           WHEN tn_dealer_number = '*****' THEN
               '****'
           WHEN tn_dealer_number = '****' THEN
               '***'
       END tn_supplier_code,
       '******' tn_supplier_name,
       DATEADD(DAY, -1, tn_date) tn_date,
       tn_product_code,
       p.producname,
	   '' tn_store_code,
       tn_store_name,      
       MAX(tn_day_sales) tn_day_sales,
       '' tn_sale_amount
FROM dbo.sfa_t_drf_sales s
    LEFT JOIN dbo.sfa_t_KaProduct p
        ON s.tn_product_code = p.productcode
           AND p.KaName = 'drf'
WHERE DATEDIFF(DAY, s.tn_create_date, GETDATE()) = 0
      --AND s.tn_dealstatus = 0
GROUP BY tn_tenant_id,
         tn_dealer_number,
         tn_product_code,
         tn_store_name,
         p.producname,
         DATEADD(DAY, -1, tn_date);

--为保持数据清洗速度，各***系统销量临时表只保留15天数据
DELETE FROM  sfa_t_pflh_sales
WHERE DATEDIFF(DAY, tn_create_date, GETDATE()) = 15

DELETE FROM  sfa_t_drf_sales
WHERE DATEDIFF(DAY, tn_create_date, GETDATE()) = 15
GO

 

 

 

通过查看类似案例修改如下：

/*--同步并清洗**销量数据
--1、分别将通过**link获取到的**和**销量数据同步到sfa_t_pflh_sales和sfa_t_drf_sales中
--2、将同步过来的销量数据进行清洗，并按客户需求保存数据到sfa_t_KaSales
*/
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[sfa_p_KaSalesLYNC]
AS
/*--同步****销量数据*/
INSERT INTO sfa_t_pflh_sales
SELECT *
FROM OPENQUERY
     (POSTGRES,
      'select * from "tn_bflh_sales" where "tn_tenant_id" = ''****''and tn_product_code<>''合计''AND tn_dealstatus=0 '
     );
/*--更新*****销量销量数据同步状态tn_dealstatus=1代表已同步*/
UPDATE OPENQUERY
       (POSTGRES, 'select * from "tn_bflh_sales"')
SET tn_dealstatus = 1
WHERE tn_tenant_id = '****'
      AND tn_dealstatus = 0;

/*--同步***销量数据*/
INSERT INTO sfa_t_drf_sales
SELECT *
FROM OPENQUERY
     (POSTGRES, 'select * from "tn_drf_salses" where "tn_tenant_id" = ''****'' AND tn_dealstatus=0 ');

/*--更新****销量销量数据同步状态tn_dealstatus=1代表已同步*/
UPDATE OPENQUERY
       (POSTGRES, 'select * from "tn_drf_salses"')
SET tn_dealstatus = 1
WHERE tn_tenant_id = '****'
      AND tn_dealstatus = 0;

/*--同步***link作业计划日志*/
TRUNCATE  TABLE sfa_ka_tasklog;
INSERT INTO sfa_ka_tasklog
SELECT * 
FROM OPENQUERY
     (POSTGRES,
      'SELECT t.tn_task_id,t.tn_ka_id,tn_ka_code,tn_dealers_account,t.tn_task_date,i.tn_status,i.tn_task_steps,i.tn_reak FROM tn_ka_task t LEFT JOIN tn_ka_task_info i on t.tn_task_id=i.tn_task_id
where t.tn_tenant_id=''*****'''
     )
	 ORDER BY tn_task_date,tn_task_steps

DELETE FROM sfa_t_KaSales WHERE DATEDIFF(DAY, tn_date, GETDATE()) = 1  /*--清洗数据前，先删除之前清洗好的前一天销量*/
INSERT INTO sfa_t_KaSales
/*--清洗******前一天销量数据*/
SELECT tn_tenant_id,'****'kaname,
       tn_dealer_number,
	   case    WHEN tn_supplier_code = '******' THEN
               '***'
           WHEN tn_supplier_code = '*****' THEN
               '***'
       END quyu,
       tn_supplier_code,
       tn_supplier_name,
       tn_end_date tn_date,
       tn_product_code,
       tn_product_desc producname,
       tn_store_code,
       tn_store_name,
       MAX(tn_sale_quantity) AS tn_day_sales,
       CAST(MAX(tn_sale_amount) AS NVARCHAR(20)) AS tn_sale_amount
FROM sfa_t_pflh_sales
WHERE DATEDIFF(DAY, tn_create_date, GETDATE()) = 0
/*      --AND tn_dealstatus = 0 */
GROUP BY tn_tenant_id,
         tn_dealer_number,
         tn_supplier_code,
         tn_supplier_name,
         tn_end_date,
         tn_product_code,
         tn_product_desc,
         tn_store_code,
         tn_store_name
UNION
/*--清洗****前一天销量数据*/
SELECT tn_tenant_id,'****'kaname,
       tn_dealer_number,
	   CASE
           WHEN tn_dealer_number = '*****' THEN
               '***'
           WHEN tn_dealer_number = '****' THEN
               '***'
           WHEN tn_dealer_number = '****' THEN
               '***'
       END quyu,
       CASE
           WHEN tn_dealer_number = '****' THEN
               '****'
           WHEN tn_dealer_number = '*****' THEN
               '****'
           WHEN tn_dealer_number = '****' THEN
               '***'
       END tn_supplier_code,
       '******' tn_supplier_name,
       DATEADD(DAY, -1, tn_date) tn_date,
       tn_product_code,
       p.producname,
	   '' tn_store_code,
       tn_store_name,      
       MAX(tn_day_sales) tn_day_sales,
       '' tn_sale_amount
FROM dbo.sfa_t_drf_sales s
    LEFT JOIN dbo.sfa_t_KaProduct p
        ON s.tn_product_code = p.productcode
           AND p.KaName = 'drf'
WHERE DATEDIFF(DAY, s.tn_create_date, GETDATE()) = 0
/*      --AND s.tn_dealstatus = 0  */
GROUP BY tn_tenant_id,
         tn_dealer_number,
         tn_product_code,
         tn_store_name,
         p.producname,
         DATEADD(DAY, -1, tn_date);

/*--为保持数据清洗速度，各***系统销量临时表只保留15天数据  */
DELETE FROM  sfa_t_pflh_sales
WHERE DATEDIFF(DAY, tn_create_date, GETDATE()) = 15

DELETE FROM  sfa_t_drf_sales
WHERE DATEDIFF(DAY, tn_create_date, GETDATE()) = 15
GO

 

 

 

后记

后续通过观察，发现该job某些时间段是可以正常执行，某些时间段是会失败；

直接报错信息如下：

Msg 109, Level 20, State 0, Line 6
A transport-level error has occurred when receiving results from the server. (provider: Shared Memory Provider, error: 0 - The pipe has been ended.)

 

 

 

微软官方有个hotfix针对这种情况，可惜下载执行提示已不适应当前系统了；

关于内存方面我们参考这个链接

该job使用dblink的内存与sql server设置的最大内存以及是否锁定内存页都没有直接关系，我们甚至把max memroy 值从28G调小至10G，该现象还是会出现，观察该job执行的时候，其中有一段脚本reads超15万，查询有类似的案例如下：

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/54092813/sql-server-linked-server-to-postgresql-causes-sql-server-instance-to-crash-if-to

后续跟该项目负责人沟通之后，他们评估认为直接停用该job，该问题是没有再重现了。但我认为如他们要实现需求还可以尝试：

• 替换现有的ODBC的驱动；
• 在job中代码做些优化；
• 或换其他模式如SSIS等；
• 或在数据库启动参数中加 -g ;

结论

从这个案例来看，直接使用DBlink做数据对接，且每次数据量超5万以上不是一个首选方案；

参考

https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/2295405/sql-server-service-crashes-when-you-run-an-oracle-linked-server-query

https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/2859413/sql-server-service-crashes-when-you-run-a-linked-server-query-on-a-win

https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/sql/relational-databases/memory-management-architecture-guide?view=sql-server-ver15