纯WebApi，不包含MVC Demo

1、创建项目

只是单纯的使用Web API的功能，而不需要使用的MVC，这个时候就该抛开MVC来新建项目了。

首先，新建一个Asp.Net空应用程序，在程序集中添加引用System.Web.Http和System.Web.Http.WebHost。

2、添加引用

继续添加System.Net.Http

另外还需要引用Json.Net，可以通过Nuget或者直接用下载好的dll

3、添加路由映射

添加路由映射，创建App_Start文件夹，新建WebApiConfig.cs文件，添加如下路由配置：

namespace WebAPIDemo2
{
    public static class WebApiConfig
    {
        public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
        {
            config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
                name: "DefaultApi",
                routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
                defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
            );
        }
    }
}

4、配置Global文件

新建Global.acax文件，在Application_Start中调用完成注册

namespace WebAPIDemo2
{
    public class Global : System.Web.HttpApplication
    {
        protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            WebApiConfig.Register(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration);
        }
    }
}

5、创建控制器

创建WebAPI控制器

在项目中添加Model到Models文件夹当中

BookChapter.cs

namespace WebAPIDemo2.Models
{
    public class BookChapter
    {
        /// 
        /// 数量
        /// 
        public int Number { get; set; }
        /// 
        /// 标题
        /// 
        public string Title { get; set; }
        /// 
        /// 页数
        /// 
        public int Pages { get; set; }
    }
}

Book.cs

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
namespace WebAPIDemo2.Models
{
    public class Book
    {
        public Book(int id, string title, params BookChapter[] chapters)
        {
            this.Id = id;
            this.Title = title;
            this.BookChapters = chapters.ToList();
        }
        public int Id { get; private set; }
        public string Title { get; private set; }
        public ICollection BookChapters { get; private set; }
    }
}

在项目中新建控制器

BookChaptersController.cs

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web.Http;
using WebAPIDemo2.Models;

namespace WebAPIDemo2.Controllers
{
    public class BookChaptersController : ApiController
    {
        // GET api/bookchapters
        [HttpGet]
        public IEnumerable Get()
        {
            return chapters;
        }

        // GET api/bookchapters/5
        public BookChapter Get(int id)
        {
            return chapters.Where(c => c.Number == id).SingleOrDefault();
        }

        // POST api/bookchapters
        [AcceptVerbs("POST")]
        [ActionName("bookchapter")]
        public void PostBookChapter([FromBody]BookChapter value)
        {
            chapters.Add(value);
        }

        // PUT api/bookchapters/5
        public void PutBookChapter(int id, [FromBody]BookChapter value)
        {
            chapters.Remove(chapters.Where(c => c.Number == id).Single());
            chapters.Add(value);
        }

        // DELETE api/bookchapters/5
        public void DeleteBookChapter(int id)
        {
            chapters.Remove(chapters.Where(c => c.Number == id).Single());
        }

        private static List chapters;

        static BookChaptersController()
        {
            chapters = new List()
            {
                new BookChapter{Number=1,Title=".Net Architecture",Pages=20},
                new BookChapter{Number=2,Title=".Net ",Pages=120},
                new BookChapter{Number=3,Title=".Net a",Pages=480},
                new BookChapter{Number=4,Title=".Net b",Pages=200},
                new BookChapter{Number=5,Title=".Net c",Pages=210},
                new BookChapter{Number=17,Title=".Net d",Pages=230},
                new BookChapter{Number=42,Title=".Net e",Pages=270},
                new BookChapter{Number=43,Title=".Net f",Pages=320},
                new BookChapter{Number=50,Title=".Net g",Pages=520}
            };
        }
    }
}

BookChaptersAttrController.cs

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web.Http;
using WebAPIDemo2.Models;

namespace WebAPIDemo2.Controllers
{
    //添加路由前缀
    [RoutePrefix("booksamples")]
    public class BookChaptersAttrController : ApiController
    {
        private static List chapters;
        private static List books;

        static BookChaptersAttrController()
        {
            chapters = new List
            {
                new BookChapter{Number=1,Title=".Net Architecture",Pages=20},
                new BookChapter{Number=2,Title=".Net ",Pages=120},
                new BookChapter{Number=3,Title=".Net a",Pages=480},
                new BookChapter{Number=4,Title=".Net b",Pages=200},
                new BookChapter{Number=5,Title=".Net c",Pages=210},
                new BookChapter{Number=17,Title=".Net d",Pages=230},
                new BookChapter{Number=42,Title=".Net e",Pages=270},
                new BookChapter{Number=43,Title=".Net f",Pages=320},
                new BookChapter{Number=50,Title=".Net g",Pages=520}
            };
            books = new List()
            {
                new Book(1, "Professional C#", chapters.ToArray()),
                new Book(2, "Professional Asp.Net MVC 4")
            };
        }
        //单参数路由
        [Route("books/{bookId}")]//URL：http://server/books/2
        public IEnumerable GetBookChapters(int bookId)
        {
            return books.Where(b => b.Id == bookId).Single().BookChapters;
        }

        //多参数路由
        [Route("books/{bookId}/chapters/{chapterId}")]//URL：http://server/books/2/chapters/17
        //类型限制参数
        //[Route("books/{bookId:int}/chapters/{chapterId:int}")]
        public BookChapter GetBookChapter(int bookId, int chapterId)
        {
            return
                books.Single(b => b.Id == bookId)
                    .BookChapters.SingleOrDefault(c => c.Number == chapterId);
        }
    }
}

6、项目结构如下：