java mail实现Email的发送,完整代码 (转)
1、对应用程序配置邮件会话
javax.mail.Session保存邮件系统的配置属性和提供用户验证的信息,发送email首先要获取session对象。
(1)Session.getInstance(java.util.Properties)获取非共享的session对象
(2)Session.getDefaultInstance(java.utilProperties)获取共享的session对象
两者都必须建立Properties prop=new Properties()对象;
注意:一般对单用户桌面应用程序使用共享Session对象。
用SMTP协议发送Email时通常要设置mail.smtp.host(mail.protocol.host协议特定邮件服务器名)属性。
prop.put("mail.smtp.host","smtp.mailServer.com");
Session mailSession=Session.getInstance(prop);
注意:在真正使用创建的过程中,往往会让我们验证密码,这是我们要写一个密码验证类。javax.mail.Authenticator是一个抽象类,我们要写MyAuthenticator的密码验证类,该类继承Authenticator实现:
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication(){
return new PasswordAuthentication(String userName, String password);
}
这时我们创建Session对象:
Session mailSession=Session.getInstance(prop,new MyAuthenticator(userName,Password));
并且要设置使用验证:prop.put("mail.smtp.auth","true");
使用 STARTTLS安全连接:prop.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable","true");
2、配置邮件会话之后,要编写消息
要编写消息就要生成javax.mail.Message子类的实例或对Internet邮件使用javax.mail.interet.MimeMessage类。
(1)建立MimeMessage对象
MimeMessage扩展抽象的Message类,构造MimeMessage对象:
MimeMessage message=new MimeMessage(mailSession);
(2)消息发送者、日期、主题
message.setFrom(Address theSender);
message.setSentDate(java.util.Date theDate);
message.setSubject(String theSubject);
(3)设置消息的接受者与发送者(寻址接收)
setRecipient(Message.RecipientType type , Address theAddress)、setRecipients(Message.RecipientType type , Address[] theAddress)、addRecipient(Message.RecipientType type , Address theAddress)、addRecipients(Message.RecipientType type,Address[] theAddress)方法都可以指定接受者类型,但是一般用后两个,这样可以避免意外的替换或者覆盖接受者名单。定义接受者类型:
Message.RecipientType.TO:消息接受者
Message.RecipientType.CC:消息抄送者
Message.RecipientType.BCC:匿名抄送接收者(其他接受者看不到这个接受者的姓名和地址)
(4)设置消息内容
JavaMail基于JavaBean Activation FrameWork(JAF),JAF可以构造文本消息也可以支持附件。
设置消息内容时,要提供消息的内容类型-----即方法签名:
MimeMessage.setContent(Object theContent,String type);
也可以不用显式的制定消息的内容类型:MimeMessage.setText(String theText);
注意:建立地址javax.mail.InternetAddress toAddress=new InternetAddress(String address);
3、发送Email,这里以文本消息为例
javax.mail.Transport类来发送消息。这时Transport对象与相应传输协议通信,这里是SMTP协议。
Transport transport = mailSession.getTransport("smtp");//定义发送协议
transport.connect(smtpHost,"chaofeng19861126", fromUserPassword);//登录邮箱
transport.send(message, message.getRecipients(RecipientType.TO));//发送邮件
下面是一个完整的代码:--------->>SendMail.java
- package com.tools;
- import java.util.Calendar;
- import java.util.Properties;
- import javax.mail.Authenticator;
- import javax.mail.MessagingException;
- import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
- import javax.mail.Session;
- import javax.mail.Transport;
- import javax.mail.Message.RecipientType;
- import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
- import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
- public class SendMail {
- @SuppressWarnings("static-access")
- public static void sendMessage(String smtpHost, String from,
- String fromUserPassword, String to, String subject,
- String messageText, String messageType) throws MessagingException {
- // 第一步:配置javax.mail.Session对象
- System.out.println("为" + smtpHost + "配置mail session对象");
- Properties props = new Properties();
- props.put("mail.smtp.host", smtpHost);
- props.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable","true");//使用 STARTTLS安全连接
- //props.put("mail.smtp.port", "25"); //google使用465或587端口
- props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); // 使用验证
- //props.put("mail.debug", "true");
- Session mailSession = Session.getInstance(props,new MyAuthenticator(from,fromUserPassword));
- // 第二步:编写消息
- System.out.println("编写消息from——to:" + from + "——" + to);
- InternetAddress fromAddress = new InternetAddress(from);
- InternetAddress toAddress = new InternetAddress(to);
- MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(mailSession);
- message.setFrom(fromAddress);
- message.addRecipient(RecipientType.TO, toAddress);
- message.setSentDate(Calendar.getInstance().getTime());
- message.setSubject(subject);
- message.setContent(messageText, messageType);
- // 第三步:发送消息
- Transport transport = mailSession.getTransport("smtp");
- transport.connect(smtpHost,"chaofeng19861126", fromUserPassword);
- transport.send(message, message.getRecipients(RecipientType.TO));
- System.out.println("message yes");
- }
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- try {
- SendMail.sendMessage("smtp.gmail.com", "karemjohn@gmail.com",
- "************", "karemjohn@gmail.com", "nihao",
- "---------------wrwe-----------",
- "text/html;charset=gb2312");
- } catch (MessagingException e) {
- // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
- class MyAuthenticator extends Authenticator{
- String userName="";
- String password="";
- public MyAuthenticator(){
- }
- public MyAuthenticator(String userName,String password){
- this.userName=userName;
- this.password=password;
- }
- protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication(){
- return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);
- }
- }