js中获取键盘事件

<script type="text/javascript" language=JavaScript charset="UTF-8">
      document.onkeydown=function(event){
            var e = event || window.event || arguments.callee.caller.arguments[0];
            if(e && e.keyCode==27){ // 按 Esc 
                //要做的事情
              }
            if(e && e.keyCode==113){ // 按 F2 
                 //要做的事情
               }            
             if(e && e.keyCode==13){ // enter 键
                 //要做的事情
            }
        }; 
</script>
只要你定义了这些键的动作，你在浏览器里按下这些键就会响应，兼容目前所有浏览器。

js 里面的键盘事件经常用到，所以收集了键盘事件对应的键码来分享下：
keyCode 8 = BackSpace BackSpace
keyCode 9 = Tab Tab
keyCode 12 = Clear
keyCode 13 = Enter
keyCode 16 = Shift_L
keyCode 17 = Control_L
keyCode 18 = Alt_L
keyCode 19 = Pause
keyCode 20 = Caps_Lock
keyCode 27 = Escape Escape
keyCode 32 = space
keyCode 33 = Prior
keyCode 34 = Next
keyCode 35 = End
keyCode 36 = Home
keyCode 37 = Left
keyCode 38 = Up
keyCode 39 = Right
keyCode 40 = Down
keyCode 41 = Select
keyCode 42 = Print
keyCode 43 = Execute
keyCode 45 = Insert
keyCode 46 = Delete
keyCode 47 = Help
keyCode 48 = 0 equal braceright
keyCode 49 = 1 exclam onesuperior
keyCode 50 = 2 quotedbl twosuperior
keyCode 51 = 3 section threesuperior
keyCode 52 = 4 dollar
keyCode 53 = 5 percent
keyCode 54 = 6 ampersand
keyCode 55 = 7 slash braceleft
keyCode 56 = 8 parenleft bracketleft
keyCode 57 = 9 parenright bracketright
keyCode 65 = a A
keyCode 66 = b B
keyCode 67 = c C
keyCode 68 = d D
keyCode 69 = e E EuroSign
keyCode 70 = f F
keyCode 71 = g G
keyCode 72 = h H
keyCode 73 = i I
keyCode 74 = j J
keyCode 75 = k K
keyCode 76 = l L
keyCode 77 = m M mu
keyCode 78 = n N
keyCode 79 = o O
keyCode 80 = p P
keyCode 81 = q Q at
keyCode 82 = r R
keyCode 83 = s S
keyCode 84 = t T
keyCode 85 = u U
keyCode 86 = v V
keyCode 87 = w W
keyCode 88 = x X
keyCode 89 = y Y
keyCode 90 = z Z
keyCode 96 = KP_0 KP_0
keyCode 97 = KP_1 KP_1
keyCode 98 = KP_2 KP_2
keyCode 99 = KP_3 KP_3
keyCode 100 = KP_4 KP_4
keyCode 101 = KP_5 KP_5
keyCode 102 = KP_6 KP_6
keyCode 103 = KP_7 KP_7
keyCode 104 = KP_8 KP_8
keyCode 105 = KP_9 KP_9
keyCode 106 = KP_Multiply KP_Multiply
keyCode 107 = KP_Add KP_Add
keyCode 108 = KP_Separator KP_Separator
keyCode 109 = KP_Subtract KP_Subtract
keyCode 110 = KP_Decimal KP_Decimal
keyCode 111 = KP_Divide KP_Divide
keyCode 112 = F1
keyCode 113 = F2
keyCode 114 = F3
keyCode 115 = F4
keyCode 116 = F5
keyCode 117 = F6
keyCode 118 = F7
keyCode 119 = F8
keyCode 120 = F9
keyCode 121 = F10
keyCode 122 = F11
keyCode 123 = F12
keyCode 124 = F13
keyCode 125 = F14
keyCode 126 = F15
keyCode 127 = F16
keyCode 128 = F17
keyCode 129 = F18
keyCode 130 = F19
keyCode 131 = F20
keyCode 132 = F21
keyCode 133 = F22
keyCode 134 = F23
keyCode 135 = F24
keyCode 136 = Num_Lock
keyCode 137 = Scroll_Lock
keyCode 187 = acute grave
keyCode 188 = comma semicolon
keyCode 189 = minus underscore
keyCode 190 = period colon
keyCode 192 = numbersign apostrophe
keyCode 210 = plusminus hyphen macron
keyCode 211 =
keyCode 212 = copyright registered
keyCode 213 = guillemotleft guillemotright
keyCode 214 = masculine ordfeminine
keyCode 215 = ae AE
keyCode 216 = cent yen
keyCode 217 = questiondown exclamdown
keyCode 218 = onequarter onehalf threequarters
keyCode 220 = less greater bar
keyCode 221 = plus asterisk asciitilde
keyCode 227 = multiply division
keyCode 228 = acircumflex Acircumflex
keyCode 229 = ecircumflex Ecircumflex
keyCode 230 = icircumflex Icircumflex
keyCode 231 = ocircumflex Ocircumflex
keyCode 232 = ucircumflex Ucircumflex
keyCode 233 = ntilde Ntilde
keyCode 234 = yacute Yacute
keyCode 235 = oslash Ooblique
keyCode 236 = aring Aring
keyCode 237 = ccedilla Ccedilla
keyCode 238 = thorn THORN
keyCode 239 = eth ETH
keyCode 240 = diaeresis cedilla currency
keyCode 241 = agrave Agrave atilde Atilde
keyCode 242 = egrave Egrave
keyCode 243 = igrave Igrave
keyCode 244 = ograve Ograve otilde Otilde
keyCode 245 = ugrave Ugrave
keyCode 246 = adiaeresis Adiaeresis
keyCode 247 = ediaeresis Ediaeresis
keyCode 248 = idiaeresis Idiaeresis
keyCode 249 = odiaeresis Odiaeresis
keyCode 250 = udiaeresis Udiaeresis
keyCode 251 = ssharp question backslash
keyCode 252 = asciicircum degree
keyCode 253 = 3 sterling
keyCode 254 = Mode_switch
使用event对象的keyCode属性判断输入的键值
eg：if(event.keyCode==13)alert(“enter!”);
键值对应表
A　　0X65 　U 　　0X85
B　　0X66　 V　　 0X86
C　　0X67　 W　　 0X87
D　　0X68　 X 　　0X88
E　　0X69　 Y　　 0X89
F　　0X70　 Z　　 0X90
G　　0X71　 0　　 0X48
H　　0X72　 1　　 0X49
I　　0X73　 2　　 0X50
J　　0X74　 3 　　0X51
K　　0X75　 4 　　0X52
L　　0X76　 5 　　0X53
M　　0X77　 6　　 0X54
N　　0X78 　7 　　0X55
O　　0X79 　8 　　0X56
P　　0X80 　9 　　0X57
Q　　0X81　ESC　　0X1B
R　　0X82　CTRL 　0X11
S　　0X83　SHIFT　0X10
T　　0X84　ENTER　0XD
如果要使用组合键，则可以判断是否同时按下了这几个键，比如ctrl键、shift键以及alt键的组合使用就可以判断是否多按下了ctrl键、shift键以及alt键

 

键盘按钮keyCode大全

 

字母和数字键的键码值(keyCode)
按键	键码	按键	键码	按键	键码	按键	键码
A	65	J	74	S	83	1	49
B	66	K	75	T	84	2	50
C	67	L	76	U	85	3	51
D	68	M	77	V	86	4	52
E	69	N	78	W	87	5	53
F	70	O	79	X	88	6	54
G	71	P	80	Y	89	7	55
H	72	Q	81	Z	90	8	56
I	73	R	82	0	48	9	57

数字键盘上的键的键码值(keyCode)				功能键键码值(keyCode)
按键	键码	按键	键码	按键	键码	按键	键码
0	96	8	104	F1	112	F7	118
1	97	9	105	F2	113	F8	119
2	98	*	106	F3	114	F9	120
3	99	+	107	F4	115	F10	121
4	100	Enter	108	F5	116	F11	122
5	101	-	109	F6	117	F12	123
6	102	.	110
7	103	/	111

 

控制键键码值(keyCode)
按键	键码	按键	键码	按键	键码	按键	键码
BackSpace	8	Esc	27	Right Arrow	39	-_	189
Tab	9	Spacebar	32	Down Arrow	40	.>	190
Clear	12	Page Up	33	Insert	45	/?	191
Enter	13	Page Down	34	Delete	46	`~	192
Shift	16	End	35	Num Lock	144	[{	219
Control	17	Home	36	;:	186	/|	220
Alt	18	Left Arrow	37	=+	187	]}	221
Cape Lock	20	Up A

 

另附上一段代码，

可以根据按的键盘上的键，显示键盘动作，并显示keyCode值等

代码：

<STYLE TYPE="text/css"> 
TD {text-align:center} 
</STYLE> 
<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript"> 
function init() { 
    document.onkeydown = showKeyDown 
    document.onkeyup = showKeyUp 
    document.onkeypress = showKeyPress 
}

function showKeyDown(evt) { 
    evt = (evt) ? evt : window.event 
    document.getElementById("pressKeyCode").innerHTML = 0 
    document.getElementById("upKeyCode").innerHTML = 0 
    document.getElementById("pressCharCode").innerHTML = 0 
    document.getElementById("upCharCode").innerHTML = 0 
    restoreModifiers("") 
    restoreModifiers("Down") 
    restoreModifiers("Up") 
    document.getElementById("downKeyCode").innerHTML = evt.keyCode 
    if (evt.charCode) { 
        document.getElementById("downCharCode").innerHTML = evt.charCode 
    } 
    showModifiers("Down", evt) 
} 
function showKeyUp(evt) { 
    evt = (evt) ? evt : window.event 
    document.getElementById("upKeyCode").innerHTML = evt.keyCode 
    if (evt.charCode) { 
        document.getElementById("upCharCode").innerHTML = evt.charCode 
    } 
    showModifiers("Up", evt) 
    return false 
} 
function showKeyPress(evt) { 
    evt = (evt) ? evt : window.event 
    document.getElementById("pressKeyCode").innerHTML = evt.keyCode 
    if (evt.charCode) { 
        document.getElementById("pressCharCode").innerHTML = evt.charCode 
    } 
    showModifiers("", evt) 
    return false 
} 
function showModifiers(ext, evt) { 
    restoreModifiers(ext) 
    if (evt.shiftKey) { 
        document.getElementById("shift" + ext).style.backgroundColor = "#ff0000" 
    } 
    if (evt.ctrlKey) { 
        document.getElementById("ctrl" + ext).style.backgroundColor = "#00ff00" 
    } 
    if (evt.altKey) { 
        document.getElementById("alt" + ext).style.backgroundColor = "#0000ff" 
    } 
} 
function restoreModifiers(ext) { 
    document.getElementById("shift" + ext).style.backgroundColor = "#ffffff" 
    document.getElementById("ctrl" + ext).style.backgroundColor = "#ffffff" 
    document.getElementById("alt" + ext).style.backgroundColor = "#ffffff" 
} 
</SCRIPT> 
</HEAD>

<BODY onLoad="init()"> 
<H1>Keyboard Event Handler Lab</H1> 
<HR> 
<FORM> 
<TABLE BORDER=2 CELLPADDING=2> 
<TR><TH></TH><TH>onKeyDown</TH><TH>onKeyPress</TH><TH>onKeyUp</TH></TR> 
<TR><TH>Key Codes</TH> 
    <TD ID="downKeyCode">0</TD> 
    <TD ID="pressKeyCode">0</TD> 
    <TD ID="upKeyCode">0</TD> 
</TR> 
<TR><TH>Char Codes (IE5/Mac; NN6)</TH> 
    <TD ID="downCharCode">0</TD> 
    <TD ID="pressCharCode">0</TD> 
    <TD ID="upCharCode">0</TD> 
</TR> 
<TR><TH ROWSPAN=3>Modifier Keys</TH> 
    <TD><SPAN ID="shiftDown">Shift</SPAN></TD> 
    <TD><SPAN ID="shift">Shift</SPAN></TD> 
    <TD><SPAN ID="shiftUp">Shift</SPAN></TD> 
</TR> 
<TR> 
    <TD><SPAN ID="ctrlDown">Ctrl</SPAN></TD> 
    <TD><SPAN ID="ctrl">Ctrl</SPAN></TD> 
    <TD><SPAN ID="ctrlUp">Ctrl</SPAN></TD> 
</TR> 
<TR> 
    <TD><SPAN ID="altDown">Alt</SPAN></TD> 
    <TD><SPAN ID="alt">Alt</SPAN></TD> 
    <TD><SPAN ID="altUp">Alt</SPAN></TD> 
</TR> 
</TABLE> 
</FORM>