nginx php-fpm安装配置 CentOS编译安装php7.2
CentOS编译安装php7.2
介绍:
久闻php7的速度以及性能那可是比php5系列的任何一版本都要快,具体性能有多好,建议还是先尝试下再说。如果你是升级或新安装,那你首先需要考虑php7和程序是否存在兼容性,如果程序是基于php5开发的,那么就需要考虑php7是否适合你当前的生产环境,今天我就实操并安装用于生产中。
先安装php依赖包,否则在编译安装php7的过程当中会出现各种报错,安装完成后即可进入下一个环节。
安装扩展包并更新系统内核:
yum install epel-release -y
yum update
安装php依赖组件(包含Nginx依赖):
yum -y install wget vim pcre pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel libicu-devel gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap jemalloc-devel cmake boost-devel bison automake libevent libevent-devel gd gd-devel libtool* libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel mcrypt mhash libxslt libxslt-devel readline readline-devel gmp gmp-devel libcurl libcurl-devel openjpeg-devel
创建用户和组,并下载php安装包解压:
cd /tmp groupadd www useradd -g www www wget http://am1.php.net/distributions/php-7.2.1.tar.gz tar xvf php-7.2.1.tar.gz cd php-7.2.1
设置变量并开始源码编译:
cp -frp /usr/lib64/libldap* /usr/lib/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php-7.2.1 \ --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php-7.2.1/etc \ --enable-fpm \ --with-fpm-user=www \ --with-fpm-group=www \ --enable-mysqlnd \ --with-mysqli=mysqlnd \ --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \ --enable-mysqlnd-compression-support \ --with-iconv-dir \ --with-freetype-dir \ --with-jpeg-dir \ --with-png-dir \ --with-zlib \ --with-libxml-dir \ --enable-xml \ --disable-rpath \ --enable-bcmath \ --enable-shmop \ --enable-sysvsem \ --enable-inline-optimization \ --with-curl \ --enable-mbregex \ --enable-mbstring \ --enable-intl \ --with-mcrypt \ --with-libmbfl \ --enable-ftp \ --with-gd \ --enable-gd-native-ttf \ --with-openssl \ --with-mhash \ --enable-pcntl \ --enable-sockets \ --with-xmlrpc \ --enable-zip \ --enable-soap \ --with-gettext \ --disable-fileinfo \ --enable-opcache \ --with-pear \ --enable-maintainer-zts \ --with-ldap=shared \
--without-gdbm \
--with-iconv=/usr/local/
问题:make: *** [sapi/cgi/php-cgi.exe] Error 1
最近遇到一个问题,在安装PHP的时候,make步骤出现这样的错:
ext/iconv/iconv.o: In function `_php_iconv_appendl': /home/r/php-5.3.3/ext/iconv/iconv.c:337: undefined reference to `_iconv' /home/r/php-5.3.3/ext/iconv/iconv.c:374: undefined reference to `_iconv' ext/iconv/iconv.o: In function `_php_iconv_strlen': /home/r/php-5.3.3/ext/iconv/iconv.c:615: undefined reference to `_iconv' ext/iconv/iconv.o: In function `_php_iconv_substr': /home/r/php-5.3.3/ext/iconv/iconv.c:736: undefined reference to `_iconv' ext/iconv/iconv.o: In function `php_iconv_string': /home/r/php-5.3.3/ext/iconv/iconv.c:501: undefined reference to `_iconv' ext/iconv/iconv.o:/var/src/php-5.3.3/ext/iconv/iconv.c:521: more undefined references to `_iconv' follow collect2: ld returned 1 exit status make: *** [sapi/cgi/php-cgi.exe] Error 1
这样是make不成功的,这是因为机器上没有安装iconv,安装后再编绎即可,我的解决步骤是这样的:
先安装iconv:
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz tar -zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz cd libiconv-1.13.1 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local make && make install
接下来再编绎php的时候加上–with-iconv=/usr/local/ 即可:
--with-iconv=/usr/local/
若无报错执行下一步安装,如果编译过程中出现错误,根据报错安装依赖包,通常不会出现这种问题。
注意:–enable-gd-jis-conv 此参数会导致Zabbix中文字符乱码,建议取消。
开始安装:
make -j 4 && make install
完成安装后配置php.ini文件:
cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
修改 php.ini 相关参数:
vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
expose_php = Off short_open_tag = ON max_execution_time = 300 max_input_time = 300 memory_limit = 128M post_max_size = 32M date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai mbstring.func_overload=2 extension = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20170718/ldap.so" #OPcache 缓存 [opcache] zend_extension=/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20170718/opcache.so opcache.memory_consumption=128 opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8 opcache.max_accelerated_files=4000 opcache.revalidate_freq=60 opcache.fast_shutdown=1 opcache.enable_cli=1 #设置php安全函数 disable_functions = passthru,exec,system,chroot,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,popen,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru #配置www.conf listen = /var/run/www/php-cgi.sock listen.owner = www listen.group = www listen.mode = 0660 listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1 pm = dynamic listen.backlog = -1 pm.max_children = 180 pm.start_servers = 50 pm.min_spare_servers = 50 pm.max_spare_servers = 180 request_terminate_timeout = 120 request_slowlog_timeout = 50 slowlog = var/log/slow.log
配置www.conf
listen = /var/run/www/php-cgi.sock listen.owner = www listen.group = www listen.mode = 0660 listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1 pm = dynamic listen.backlog = -1 pm.max_children = 180 pm.start_servers = 50 pm.min_spare_servers = 50 pm.max_spare_servers = 180 request_terminate_timeout = 120 request_slowlog_timeout = 50 slowlog = var/log/slow.log
创建php-cgi.sock存放目录
mkdir /var/run/www/ chown -R www:www /var/run/www
配置php-fpm.conf
vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
取下以下注释并填写完整路径:
pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
至此php7已经安装完成。
说明:禁用php函数,如果程序需要这些函数,可以取消禁止,新手建议忽略此步骤。
创建system系统单元文件php-fpm启动脚本:
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service
添加如下变量内容:
[Unit] Description=The PHP FastCGI Process Manager After=syslog.target network.target [Service] Type=simple PIDFile=/usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid ExecStart=/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm --nodaemonize --fpm-config /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf ExecReload=/bin/kill -USR2 $MAINPID [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
启动php-fpm服务并加入开机自启动:
systemctl enable php-fpm.service
systemctl restart php-fpm.service
nginx php-fpm安装配置
nginx本身不能处理PHP,它只是个web服务器,当接收到请求后,如果是php请求,则发给php解释器处理,并把结果返回给客户端。
nginx一般是把请求发fastcgi管理进程处理,fascgi管理进程选择cgi子进程处理结果并返回被nginx
本文以php-fpm为例介绍如何使nginx支持PHP
一、编译安装php-fpm
什么是PHP-FPM
PHP-FPM是一个PHP FastCGI管理器,是只用于PHP的,可以在 http://php-fpm.org/download下载得到.
PHP-FPM其实是PHP源代码的一个补丁,旨在将FastCGI进程管理整合进PHP包中。必须将它patch到你的PHP源代码中,在编译安装PHP后才可以使用。
新版PHP已经集成php-fpm了,不再是第三方的包了,推荐使用。PHP-FPM提供了更好的PHP进程管理方式,可以有效控制内存和进程、可以平滑重载PHP配置,比spawn-fcgi具有更多优点,所以被PHP官方收录了。在./configure的时候带 –enable-fpm参数即可开启PHP-FPM,其它参数都是配置php的,具体选项含义可以查看这里。
安装前准备
centos下执行
yum -y install gcc automake autoconf libtool make yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ glibc yum -y install libmcrypt-devel mhash-devel libxslt-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel
新版php-fpm安装(推荐安装方式)
wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.4.7.tar.gz tar zvxf php-5.4.7.tar.gz cd php-5.4.7
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php-5.4.7 --enable-fpm --with-mcrypt \
--enable-mbstring --disable-pdo --with-curl --disable-debug --disable-rpath \
--enable-inline-optimization --with-bz2 --with-zlib --enable-sockets \
--enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --enable-pcntl --enable-mbregex \
--with-mhash --enable-zip --with-pcre-regex --with-mysql --with-mysqli \
--with-gd --with-jpeg-dir
make all install
旧版手动打补丁php-fpm安装(旧版程序已经没有了,大家新版的吧,这里做个展示)
wget http://cn2.php.net/get/php-5.2.17.tar.gz
wget http://php-fpm.org/downloads/php-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz
tar zvxf php-5.2.17.tar.gz
gzip -cd php-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.17 -p1
cd php-5.2.17
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php -with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc
-with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
-with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config -with-openssl -enable-fpm -enable-mbstring
-with-freetype-dir -with-jpeg-dir -with-png-dir -with-zlib-dir -with-libxml-dir=/usr -enable-xml
-with-mhash -with-mcrypt -enable-pcntl -enable-sockets -with-bz2 -with-curl -with-curlwrappers
-enable-mbregex -with-gd -enable-gd-native-ttf -enable-zip -enable-soap -with-iconv -enable-bcmath
-enable-shmop -enable-sysvsem -enable-inline-optimization -with-ldap -with-ldap-sasl -enable-pdo
-with-pdo-mysql
make all install
以上两种方式都可以安装php-fpm,安装后内容放在/usr/local/php目录下
以上就完成了php-fpm的安装。
下面是对php-fpm运行用户进行设置
cd /usr/local/php cp etc/php-fpm.conf.default etc/php-fpm.conf vi etc/php-fpm.conf
修改
user = www-data
group = www-data
如果www-data用户不存在,那么先添加www-data用户
groupadd www-data
useradd -g www-data www-data
二、编译安装nginx
然后按照http://www.nginx.cn/install 安装nginx
三、修改nginx配置文件以支持php-fpm
nginx安装完成后,修改nginx配置文件为,nginx.conf
其中server段增加如下配置,注意标红内容配置,否则会出现No input file specified.错误
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ .php$ { root html; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; }
四、创建测试php文件
创建php文件
在/usr/local/nginx/html下创建index.php文件,输入如下内容
<?php
echo phpinfo();
?>
五、启动服务
启动php-fpm和nginx
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm #手动打补丁的启动方式/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start sudo /usr/local/nginx/nginx
php-fpm关闭重启见文章结尾
六、浏览器访问
访问http://你的服务器ip/index.php,皆可以见到php信息了。
php --ini 查看php.ini的路径
打开
short_open_tag = On
安装php-fpm时可能遇到的错误:
1. php configure时出错
configure: error: XML configuration could not be found
apt-get install libxml2 libxml2-dev (ubuntu下) yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel(centos下)
2. Please reinstall the BZip2 distribution
wget http://www.bzip.org/1.0.5/bzip2-1.0.5.tar.gz tar -zxvf bzip2-1.0.5.tar.gz cd bzip2-1.0.5 make make install
3. php的配置文件中有一行--with-mysql=/usr。
安装的时候提示:
configure: error: Cannot find MySQL header files under yes.
Note that the MySQL client library is not bundled anymore.
这是由于安装mysql时没有安装mysql头文件,或者是路径指定不正确,php找不到mysql的头文件引起的错误提示。
解决方法。
(1.) 查看你的系统有没有安装mysql header
find / -name mysql.h
如果有。请指定--with-mysql=/跟你的正常路径。
如果没有。请看下一步。
(2.)redhat安装
rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-4.1.12-1.i386.rpm
(3.)ubuntu安装
apt-get install libmysqlclient15-dev
(4.)最后一步php的配置选项添加--with-mysql=/usr即可!
4.No input file specified.
location ~ .php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
5. 如果php configure时缺库,可以先安装库(ubuntu下)
sudo apt-get install make bison flex gcc patch autoconf subversion locate
sudo apt-get install libxml2-dev libbz2-dev libpcre3-dev libssl-dev zlib1g-dev libmcrypt-dev libmhash-dev libmhash2 libcurl4-openssl-dev libpq-dev libpq5 libsyck0-dev
6. mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt
apt-get install libmcrypt-dev
或者
cd /usr/local/src
wget http://softlayer.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
tar -zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd /usr/local/src/libmcrypt-2.5.8
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make
make install
7. php-fpm 5.4.7 如何关闭 重启?
php 5.4.7 下的php-fpm 不再支持 php-fpm 以前具有的 /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm (start|stop|reload)等命令,需要使用信号控制:
master进程可以理解以下信号
INT, TERM 立刻终止 QUIT 平滑终止 USR1 重新打开日志文件 USR2 平滑重载所有worker进程并重新载入配置和二进制模块
示例:
php-fpm 关闭:
kill -INT cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
php-fpm 重启:
kill -USR2 cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
查看php-fpm进程数:
ps aux | grep -c php-fpm
8.命令行下执行php,提示找不到命令
-bash: /usr/bin/php: No such file or directory
vi /etc/profile
在文件底部增加一行配置
export PATH=/usr/local/php/bin:$PATH
保存退出
source /etc/profile