httprunner（9）运行测试用例的方式总结
前言
用过pytest的小伙伴都知道，pytest的运行方式是非常丰富的，可以说是你想怎么运行怎么运行，想运行哪些运行哪些，那httprunner是否同样可以呢？
运行用例的各种方式
运行指定路径的用例
格式：hrun + case路径
(httprunner_env) ➜ hrun hrun hrun_demo/testcases/baidu_test.py
2021-02-09 16:23:16.507 | INFO | httprunner.make:__make:512 - make path: /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/testcases/baidu_test.py
2021-02-09 16:23:16.508 | INFO | httprunner.make:format_pytest_with_black:170 - format pytest cases with black ...
No Path provided. Nothing to do 😴
2021-02-09 16:23:16.660 | INFO | httprunner.cli:main_run:56 - start to run tests with pytest. HttpRunner version: 3.1.4
================================================================================================= test session starts ==================================================================================================
platform darwin -- Python 3.7.6, pytest-5.4.3, py-1.10.0, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: /Users/jkc/hrun
plugins: metadata-1.11.0, html-2.1.1
collected 1 item
hrun_demo/testcases/baidu_test.py . [100%]
================================================================================================== 1 passed in 0.17s ===================================================================================================
指定多个测试用例路径执行
格式：hrun后面多个路径之间用空格隔开
(httprunner_env) ➜ hrun hrun hrun_demo/testcases/baidu_test.py hrun_demo/har/baidu_test.py
2021-02-09 16:26:10.215 | INFO | httprunner.make:__make:512 - make path: /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/testcases/baidu_test.py
2021-02-09 16:26:10.215 | INFO | httprunner.make:__make:512 - make path: /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/har/baidu_test.py
2021-02-09 16:26:10.215 | INFO | httprunner.make:format_pytest_with_black:170 - format pytest cases with black ...
No Path provided. Nothing to do 😴
2021-02-09 16:26:10.358 | INFO | httprunner.cli:main_run:56 - start to run tests with pytest. HttpRunner version: 3.1.4
================================================================================================= test session starts ==================================================================================================
platform darwin -- Python 3.7.6, pytest-5.4.3, py-1.10.0, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: /Users/jkc/hrun
plugins: metadata-1.11.0, html-2.1.1
collected 2 items
hrun_demo/har/baidu_test.py . [ 50%]
hrun_demo/testcases/baidu_test.py . [100%]
================================================================================================== 2 passed in 0.27s ===================================================================================================
运行整个文件夹
一般我们都会把所有的case全部放在一个文件夹中，此时我们就可以运行整个文件夹，来运行所有的用例
(httprunner_env) ➜ hrun hrun hrun_demo/testcases/
2021-02-09 16:39:42.564 | INFO | httprunner.make:__make:512 - make path: /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/testcases/
2021-02-09 16:39:42.564 | INFO | httprunner.make:format_pytest_with_black:170 - format pytest cases with black ...
No Path provided. Nothing to do 😴
2021-02-09 16:39:42.716 | INFO | httprunner.cli:main_run:56 - start to run tests with pytest. HttpRunner version: 3.1.4
================================================================================================= test session starts ==================================================================================================
platform darwin -- Python 3.7.6, pytest-5.4.3, py-1.10.0, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: /Users/jkc/hrun
plugins: metadata-1.11.0, html-2.1.1
collected 3 items
hrun_demo/testcases/baidu_test.py . [ 33%]
hrun_demo/testcases/demo_testcase_ref_test.py . [ 66%]
hrun_demo/testcases/demo_testcase_request_test.py . [100%]
================================================================================================== 3 passed in 10.27s ==================================================================================================
运行YAML/JSON格式的测试用例
如果运行YAML/JSON文件，其实httprunner会先把它们转换为pytest格式的，再去运行。
对于大多数用例，生成的pytest文件和YAML/JSON保存在相同目录下。生成的pytest用例名增加_test后缀，且.yml/yaml/.json替换为.py。
然而，如果测试用例目录名或用例文件名包含. - 空格这些字符，这些字符将被_替换，以避免python类中用例引用时的语法错误。 而且，以数字开头的目录和文件名，将添加T前缀，因为python模块和类名不能以数字开头。
path 1/a.b-2/3.yml => path_1/a_b_2/T3_test.py
这里建议写case就直接使用pytest格式就可以了
运行pytest用例
当想运行pytest格式用例 或 YAML/JSON转换后的pytest用例，hrun和pytest都可以使用。 需要记住的是，hrun只封装了pytest，所以pytest运行的所有参数，同样可以在hrun后面加。
(httprunner_env) ➜ hrun hrun -h
usage: hrun [options] [file_or_dir] [file_or_dir] [...]
positional arguments:
file_or_dir
general:
-k EXPRESSION only run tests which match the given substring expression. An expression is a python evaluatable expression where all names are substring-matched against test names and their parent classes.
Example: -k 'test_method or test_other' matches all test functions and classes whose name contains 'test_method' or 'test_other', while -k 'not test_method' matches those that don't contain
'test_method' in their names. -k 'not test_method and not test_other' will eliminate the matches. Additionally keywords are matched to classes and functions containing extra names in their
'extra_keyword_matches' set, as well as functions which have names assigned directly to them. The matching is case-insensitive.
-m MARKEXPR only run tests matching given mark expression. example: -m 'mark1 and not mark2'.
--markers show markers (builtin, plugin and per-project ones).
-x, --exitfirst exit instantly on first error or failed test.
--maxfail=num exit after first num failures or errors.
--strict-markers, --strict
markers not registered in the `markers` section of the configuration file raise errors.
-c file load configuration from `file` instead of trying to locate one of the implicit configuration files.
--continue-on-collection-errors
Force test execution even if collection errors occur.
--rootdir=ROOTDIR Define root directory for tests. Can be relative path: 'root_dir', './root_dir', 'root_dir/another_dir/'; absolute path: '/home/user/root_dir'; path with variables: '$HOME/root_dir'.
--fixtures, --funcargs
show available fixtures, sorted by plugin appearance (fixtures with leading '_' are only shown with '-v')
--fixtures-per-test show fixtures per test
--import-mode={prepend,append}
prepend/append to sys.path when importing test modules, default is to prepend.
--pdb start the interactive Python debugger on errors or KeyboardInterrupt.
--pdbcls=modulename:classname
start a custom interactive Python debugger on errors. For example: --pdbcls=IPython.terminal.debugger:TerminalPdb
--trace Immediately break when running each test.
--capture=method per-test capturing method: one of fd|sys|no|tee-sys.
-s shortcut for --capture=no.
--runxfail report the results of xfail tests as if they were not marked
--lf, --last-failed rerun only the tests that failed at the last run (or all if none failed)
--ff, --failed-first run all tests but run the last failures first. This may re-order tests and thus lead to repeated fixture setup/teardown
--nf, --new-first run tests from new files first, then the rest of the tests sorted by file mtime
--cache-show=[CACHESHOW]
show cache contents, don't perform collection or tests. Optional argument: glob (default: '*').
--cache-clear remove all cache contents at start of test run.
--lfnf={all,none}, --last-failed-no-failures={all,none}
which tests to run with no previously (known) failures.
--sw, --stepwise exit on test failure and continue from last failing test next time
--stepwise-skip ignore the first failing test but stop on the next failing test
reporting:
--durations=N show N slowest setup/test durations (N=0 for all).
-v, --verbose increase verbosity.
-q, --quiet decrease verbosity.
--verbosity=VERBOSE set verbosity. Default is 0.
-r chars show extra test summary info as specified by chars: (f)ailed, (E)rror, (s)kipped, (x)failed, (X)passed, (p)assed, (P)assed with output, (a)ll except passed (p/P), or (A)ll. (w)arnings are
enabled by default (see --disable-warnings), 'N' can be used to reset the list. (default: 'fE').
--disable-warnings, --disable-pytest-warnings
disable warnings summary
-l, --showlocals show locals in tracebacks (disabled by default).
--tb=style traceback print mode (auto/long/short/line/native/no).
--show-capture={no,stdout,stderr,log,all}
Controls how captured stdout/stderr/log is shown on failed tests. Default is 'all'.
--full-trace don't cut any tracebacks (default is to cut).
--color=color color terminal output (yes/no/auto).
--pastebin=mode send failed|all info to bpaste.net pastebin service.
--junit-xml=path create junit-xml style report file at given path.
--junit-prefix=str prepend prefix to classnames in junit-xml output
--result-log=path DEPRECATED path for machine-readable result log.
--html=path create html report file at given path.
--self-contained-html
create a self-contained html file containing all necessary styles, scripts, and images - this means that the report may not render or function where CSP restrictions are in place (see
https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/Security/CSP)
--css=path append given css file content to report style file.
collection:
--collect-only, --co only collect tests, don't execute them.
--pyargs try to interpret all arguments as python packages.
--ignore=path ignore path during collection (multi-allowed).
--ignore-glob=path ignore path pattern during collection (multi-allowed).
--deselect=nodeid_prefix
deselect item (via node id prefix) during collection (multi-allowed).
--confcutdir=dir only load conftest.py's relative to specified dir.
--noconftest Don't load any conftest.py files.
--keep-duplicates Keep duplicate tests.
--collect-in-virtualenv
Don't ignore tests in a local virtualenv directory
--doctest-modules run doctests in all .py modules
--doctest-report={none,cdiff,ndiff,udiff,only_first_failure}
choose another output format for diffs on doctest failure
--doctest-glob=pat doctests file matching pattern, default: test*.txt
--doctest-ignore-import-errors
ignore doctest ImportErrors
--doctest-continue-on-failure
for a given doctest, continue to run after the first failure
test session debugging and configuration:
--basetemp=dir base temporary directory for this test run.(warning: this directory is removed if it exists)
-V, --version display pytest version and information about plugins.
-h, --help show help message and configuration info
-p name early-load given plugin module name or entry point (multi-allowed). To avoid loading of plugins, use the `no:` prefix, e.g. `no:doctest`.
--trace-config trace considerations of conftest.py files.
--debug store internal tracing debug information in 'pytestdebug.log'.
-o OVERRIDE_INI, --override-ini=OVERRIDE_INI
override ini option with "option=value" style, e.g. `-o xfail_strict=True -o cache_dir=cache`.
--assert=MODE Control assertion debugging tools. 'plain' performs no assertion debugging. 'rewrite' (the default) rewrites assert statements in test modules on import to provide assert expression
information.
--setup-only only setup fixtures, do not execute tests.
--setup-show show setup of fixtures while executing tests.
--setup-plan show what fixtures and tests would be executed but don't execute anything.
pytest-warnings:
-W PYTHONWARNINGS, --pythonwarnings=PYTHONWARNINGS
set which warnings to report, see -W option of python itself.
logging:
--no-print-logs disable printing caught logs on failed tests.
--log-level=LEVEL level of messages to catch/display. Not set by default, so it depends on the root/parent log handler's effective level, where it is "WARNING" by default.
--log-format=LOG_FORMAT
log format as used by the logging module.
--log-date-format=LOG_DATE_FORMAT
log date format as used by the logging module.
--log-cli-level=LOG_CLI_LEVEL
cli logging level.
--log-cli-format=LOG_CLI_FORMAT
log format as used by the logging module.
--log-cli-date-format=LOG_CLI_DATE_FORMAT
log date format as used by the logging module.
--log-file=LOG_FILE path to a file when logging will be written to.
--log-file-level=LOG_FILE_LEVEL
log file logging level.
--log-file-format=LOG_FILE_FORMAT
log format as used by the logging module.
--log-file-date-format=LOG_FILE_DATE_FORMAT
log date format as used by the logging module.
--log-auto-indent=LOG_AUTO_INDENT
Auto-indent multiline messages passed to the logging module. Accepts true|on, false|off or an integer.
custom options:
--metadata=key value additional metadata.
--metadata-from-json=METADATA_FROM_JSON
additional metadata from a json string.
[pytest] ini-options in the first pytest.ini|tox.ini|setup.cfg file found:
markers (linelist): markers for test functions
empty_parameter_set_mark (string):
default marker for empty parametersets
norecursedirs (args): directory patterns to avoid for recursion
testpaths (args): directories to search for tests when no files or directories are given in the command line.
usefixtures (args): list of default fixtures to be used with this project
python_files (args): glob-style file patterns for Python test module discovery
python_classes (args):
prefixes or glob names for Python test class discovery
python_functions (args):
prefixes or glob names for Python test function and method discovery
disable_test_id_escaping_and_forfeit_all_rights_to_community_support (bool):
disable string escape non-ascii characters, might cause unwanted side effects(use at your own risk)
console_output_style (string):
console output: "classic", or with additional progress information ("progress" (percentage) | "count").
xfail_strict (bool): default for the strict parameter of xfail markers when not given explicitly (default: False)
enable_assertion_pass_hook (bool):
Enables the pytest_assertion_pass hook.Make sure to delete any previously generated pyc cache files.
junit_suite_name (string):
Test suite name for JUnit report
junit_logging (string):
Write captured log messages to JUnit report: one of no|log|system-out|system-err|out-err|all
junit_log_passing_tests (bool):
Capture log information for passing tests to JUnit report:
junit_duration_report (string):
Duration time to report: one of total|call
junit_family (string):
Emit XML for schema: one of legacy|xunit1|xunit2
doctest_optionflags (args):
option flags for doctests
doctest_encoding (string):
encoding used for doctest files
cache_dir (string): cache directory path.
filterwarnings (linelist):
Each line specifies a pattern for warnings.filterwarnings. Processed after -W/--pythonwarnings.
log_print (bool): default value for --no-print-logs
log_level (string): default value for --log-level
log_format (string): default value for --log-format
log_date_format (string):
default value for --log-date-format
log_cli (bool): enable log display during test run (also known as "live logging").
log_cli_level (string):
default value for --log-cli-level
log_cli_format (string):
default value for --log-cli-format
log_cli_date_format (string):
default value for --log-cli-date-format
log_file (string): default value for --log-file
log_file_level (string):
default value for --log-file-level
log_file_format (string):
default value for --log-file-format
log_file_date_format (string):
default value for --log-file-date-format
log_auto_indent (string):
default value for --log-auto-indent
faulthandler_timeout (string):
Dump the traceback of all threads if a test takes more than TIMEOUT seconds to finish. Not available on Windows.
addopts (args): extra command line options
minversion (string): minimally required pytest version
render_collapsed (bool):
Open the report with all rows collapsed. Useful for very large reports
environment variables:
PYTEST_ADDOPTS extra command line options
PYTEST_PLUGINS comma-separated plugins to load during startup
PYTEST_DISABLE_PLUGIN_AUTOLOAD set to disable plugin auto-loading
PYTEST_DEBUG set to enable debug tracing of pytest's internals
to see available markers type: pytest --markers
to see available fixtures type: pytest --fixtures
(shown according to specified file_or_dir or current dir if not specified; fixtures with leading '_' are only shown with the '-v' option
