查找SQL Server 自增ID值不连续记录
在很多的时候，我们会在数据库的表中设置一个字段：ID，这个ID是一个IDENTITY，也就是说这是一个自增ID。当并发量很大并且这个字段不是主键的时候，就有可能会让这个值重复；或者在某些情况（例如插入数据的时候出错，或者是用户使用了Delete删除了记录）下会让ID值不是连续的，比如1,2,3,5,6,7,10，那么在中间就断了几个数据，那么我们希望能在数据中找出这些相关的记录，我希望找出的记录是3,5,7,10，通过这些记录可以查看这些记录的规律来分析或者统计；又或者我需要知道那些ID值是没有的：4,8,9。
解决办法的核心思想是：获取到当前记录的下一条记录的ID值，再判断这两个ID值是否差值为1，如果不为1那就表示数据不连续了。
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执行下面的语句生成测试表和测试记录
代码
--生成测试数据
if exists (select * from sysobjects where id = OBJECT_ID('[t_IDNotContinuous]') and OBJECTPROPERTY(id, 'IsUserTable') = 1)
DROP TABLE [t_IDNotContinuous]
CREATE TABLE [t_IDNotContinuous] (
[ID] [int] IDENTITY (1, 1) NOT NULL,
[ValuesString] [nchar] (10) NULL)
SET IDENTITY_INSERT [t_IDNotContinuous] ON
INSERT [t_IDNotContinuous] ([ID],[ValuesString]) VALUES ( 1,'test')
INSERT [t_IDNotContinuous] ([ID],[ValuesString]) VALUES ( 2,'test')
INSERT [t_IDNotContinuous] ([ID],[ValuesString]) VALUES ( 3,'test')
INSERT [t_IDNotContinuous] ([ID],[ValuesString]) VALUES ( 5,'test')
INSERT [t_IDNotContinuous] ([ID],[ValuesString]) VALUES ( 6,'test')
INSERT [t_IDNotContinuous] ([ID],[ValuesString]) VALUES ( 7,'test')
INSERT [t_IDNotContinuous] ([ID],[ValuesString]) VALUES ( 10,'test')
SET IDENTITY_INSERT [t_IDNotContinuous] OFF
select * from [t_IDNotContinuous]
if exists (select * from sysobjects where id = OBJECT_ID('[t_IDNotContinuous]') and OBJECTPROPERTY(id, 'IsUserTable') = 1)
DROP TABLE [t_IDNotContinuous]
CREATE TABLE [t_IDNotContinuous] (
[ID] [int] IDENTITY (1, 1) NOT NULL,
[ValuesString] [nchar] (10) NULL)
SET IDENTITY_INSERT [t_IDNotContinuous] ON
INSERT [t_IDNotContinuous] ([ID],[ValuesString]) VALUES ( 1,'test')
INSERT [t_IDNotContinuous] ([ID],[ValuesString]) VALUES ( 2,'test')
INSERT [t_IDNotContinuous] ([ID],[ValuesString]) VALUES ( 3,'test')
INSERT [t_IDNotContinuous] ([ID],[ValuesString]) VALUES ( 5,'test')
INSERT [t_IDNotContinuous] ([ID],[ValuesString]) VALUES ( 6,'test')
INSERT [t_IDNotContinuous] ([ID],[ValuesString]) VALUES ( 7,'test')
INSERT [t_IDNotContinuous] ([ID],[ValuesString]) VALUES ( 10,'test')
SET IDENTITY_INSERT [t_IDNotContinuous] OFF
select * from [t_IDNotContinuous]
（图1：测试表）
代码
--拿到当前记录的下一个记录进行连接
select ID,new_ID
into [t_IDNotContinuous_temp]
from (
select ID,new_ID = (
select top 1 ID from [t_IDNotContinuous]
where ID=(select min(ID) from [t_IDNotContinuous] where ID>a.ID)
)
from [t_IDNotContinuous] as a
) as b
select * from [t_IDNotContinuous_temp]
select ID,new_ID
into [t_IDNotContinuous_temp]
from (
select ID,new_ID = (
select top 1 ID from [t_IDNotContinuous]
where ID=(select min(ID) from [t_IDNotContinuous] where ID>a.ID)
)
from [t_IDNotContinuous] as a
) as b
select * from [t_IDNotContinuous_temp]
（图2：错位记录）
代码
--不连续的前前后后记录
select *
from [t_IDNotContinuous_temp]
where ID <> new_ID - 1
--查询原始记录
select a.* from [t_IDNotContinuous] as a
inner join (select *
from [t_IDNotContinuous_temp]
where ID <> new_ID - 1) as b
on a.ID >= b.ID and a.ID <=b.new_ID
order by a.ID
select *
from [t_IDNotContinuous_temp]
where ID <> new_ID - 1
--查询原始记录
select a.* from [t_IDNotContinuous] as a
inner join (select *
from [t_IDNotContinuous_temp]
where ID <> new_ID - 1) as b
on a.ID >= b.ID and a.ID <=b.new_ID
order by a.ID
（图3：效果）
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作者：听风吹雨
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