WCF服务的异常消息
原创地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/jfzhu/p/4055024.html
转载请注明出处
WCF Service发生异常的时候,客户端一般只能看见这样一个错误:“The server encountered an error processing the request”,而异常的类型和引起异常的代码都没有显示,究其原因是出于安全考虑。如果想要暴露这些异常信息的细节给客户端,只需要在服务器的配置文件上修改<serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />。
(一)SOAP WCF Service的异常
(1) 当serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false"
IDemoService.cs:
using System.ServiceModel; namespace WCFDemo { [ServiceContract(Name = "IDemoService")] public interface IDemoService { [OperationContract] int Divide(int numerator, int denominator); } }
DemoService.cs:
using System; using System.ServiceModel.Activation; namespace WCFDemo { [AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)] public class DemoService : IDemoService { public int Divide(int numerator, int denominator) { return numerator / denominator; } } }
web.config
<?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration> <system.web> <compilation targetFramework="4.0" /> </system.web> <system.serviceModel> <services> <service name="WCFDemo.DemoService" behaviorConfiguration="metaBehavior"> <endpoint address="DemoService" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="WCFDemo.IDemoService" /> <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"></endpoint> <host> <baseAddresses> <add baseAddress="http://localhost:8080"/> </baseAddresses> </host> </service> </services> <behaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="metaBehavior"> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" /> <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" /> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> </behaviors> <serviceHostingEnvironment multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" /> </system.serviceModel> </configuration>
建立一个Windows Client,Form1.cs:
private void buttonCalculate_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { DemoServiceReference.DemoServiceClient demoServiceClient = new DemoServiceReference.DemoServiceClient(); textBoxResult.Text = demoServiceClient.Divide(Convert.ToInt32(textBoxNumerator.Text), Convert.ToInt32(textBoxDenominator.Text)).ToString(); }
Client app.config
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <configuration> <system.serviceModel> <bindings> <basicHttpBinding> <binding name="BasicHttpBinding_IDemoService" /> </basicHttpBinding> </bindings> <client> <endpoint address="http://169.254.14.147:8080/DemoService.svc/DemoService" binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="BasicHttpBinding_IDemoService" contract="DemoServiceReference.IDemoService" name="BasicHttpBinding_IDemoService" /> </client> </system.serviceModel> </configuration>
在正常情况下的消息为:
Request Body:
<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"> <s:Body> <Divide xmlns="http://tempuri.org/"> <numerator>100</numerator> <denominator>10</denominator> </Divide> </s:Body> </s:Envelope>
Response Body:
<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"> <s:Body> <DivideResponse xmlns="http://tempuri.org/"> <DivideResult>10</DivideResult> </DivideResponse> </s:Body> </s:Envelope>
在发生异常时:
Request Header:
<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"> <s:Body> <Divide xmlns="http://tempuri.org/"> <numerator>100</numerator> <denominator>0</denominator> </Divide> </s:Body> </s:Envelope>
Response Body:
<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"> <s:Body> <s:Fault> <faultcode xmlns:a="http://schemas.microsoft.com/net/2005/12/windowscommunicationfoundation/dispatcher">a:InternalServiceFault</faultcode> <faultstring xml:lang="en-US">The server was unable to process the request due to an internal error. For more information about the error, either turn on IncludeExceptionDetailInFaults (either from ServiceBehaviorAttribute or from the <serviceDebug> configuration behavior) on the server in order to send the exception information back to the client, or turn on tracing as per the Microsoft .NET Framework SDK documentation and inspect the server trace logs.</faultstring> </s:Fault> </s:Body> </s:Envelope>
(2)当serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"
可以看到异常的消息为”Attempted to divide by zero.”
response body:
<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"> <s:Body> <s:Fault> <faultcode xmlns:a="http://schemas.microsoft.com/net/2005/12/windowscommunicationfoundation/dispatcher">a:InternalServiceFault</faultcode> <faultstring xml:lang="en-US">Attempted to divide by zero.</faultstring> <detail> <ExceptionDetail xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/System.ServiceModel" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <HelpLink i:nil="true"/> <InnerException i:nil="true"/> <Message>Attempted to divide by zero.</Message> <StackTrace> at WCFDemo.DemoService.Divide(Int32 numerator, Int32 denominator)
 at SyncInvokeDivide(Object , Object[] , Object[] )
 at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.SyncMethodInvoker.Invoke(Object instance, Object[] inputs, Object[]& outputs)
 at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.DispatchOperationRuntime.InvokeBegin(MessageRpc& rpc)
 at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.ProcessMessage5(MessageRpc& rpc)
 at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.ProcessMessage31(MessageRpc& rpc)
 at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.MessageRpc.Process(Boolean isOperationContextSet) </StackTrace> <Type>System.DivideByZeroException</Type> </ExceptionDetail> </detail> </s:Fault> </s:Body> </s:Envelope>
(二)JSON WCF Service的异常
(1) serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false"
IDemoJsonService.cs:
using System.ServiceModel; namespace WCFDemo { [ServiceContract(Namespace = "IDemoJsonService")] public interface IDemoJsonService { [OperationContract] int Divide(int numerator, int denominator); } }
DemoJsonService.cs
using System.ServiceModel; using System.ServiceModel.Activation; using System.ServiceModel.Web; namespace WCFDemo { [AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)] public class DemoJsonService : IDemoJsonService { [WebGet(UriTemplate="Divide?numerator={numerator}&denominator={denominator}", ResponseFormat=WebMessageFormat.Json)] public int Divide(int numerator, int denominator) { return numerator / denominator; } } }
web.config
<?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration> <system.web> <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" /> </system.web> <system.serviceModel> <services> <service name="WCFDemo.DemoService" behaviorConfiguration="metaBehavior"> <endpoint address="DemoService" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="WCFDemo.IDemoService" /> <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"></endpoint> </service> <service name="WCFDemo.DemoJsonService" behaviorConfiguration="metaBehavior"> <endpoint address="DemoJsonService" binding="webHttpBinding" contract="WCFDemo.IDemoJsonService" behaviorConfiguration="WCFDemo.DemoJsonService.endpointBehavior" /> <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"></endpoint> </service> </services> <behaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="metaBehavior"> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" /> <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" /> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> <endpointBehaviors> <behavior name="WCFDemo.DemoJsonService.endpointBehavior"> <webHttp helpEnabled="true"/> </behavior> </endpointBehaviors> </behaviors> <serviceHostingEnvironment multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" /> </system.serviceModel> </configuration>
正常情况下:
发生异常时:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Request Error</title> <style>BODY { color: #000000; background-color: white; font-family: Verdana; margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; } #content { margin-left: 30px; font-size: .70em; padding-bottom: 2em; } A:link { color: #336699; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline; } A:visited { color: #6699cc; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline; } A:active { color: #336699; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline; } .heading1 { background-color: #003366; border-bottom: #336699 6px solid; color: #ffffff; font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 26px; font-weight: normal;margin: 0em 0em 10px -20px; padding-bottom: 8px; padding-left: 30px;padding-top: 16px;} pre { font-size:small; background-color: #e5e5cc; padding: 5px; font-family: Courier New; margin-top: 0px; border: 1px #f0f0e0 solid; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: -pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; } table { border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; font-family: Verdana;} table th { border-right: 2px white solid; border-bottom: 2px white solid; font-weight: bold; background-color: #cecf9c;} table td { border-right: 2px white solid; border-bottom: 2px white solid; background-color: #e5e5cc;}</style> </head> <body> <div id="content"> <p class="heading1">Request Error</p> <p xmlns="">The server encountered an error processing the request. Please see the <a rel="help-page" href="http://169.254.14.147:8080/DemoJsonService.svc/DemoJsonService/help">service help page</a> for constructing valid requests to the service.</p> </div> </body> </html>
(2)当serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"
web.config
<?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration> <system.web> <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" /> </system.web> <system.serviceModel> <services> <service name="WCFDemo.DemoService" behaviorConfiguration="metaBehavior"> <endpoint address="DemoService" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="WCFDemo.IDemoService" /> <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"></endpoint> </service> <service name="WCFDemo.DemoJsonService" behaviorConfiguration="metaBehavior"> <endpoint address="DemoJsonService" binding="webHttpBinding" contract="WCFDemo.IDemoJsonService" behaviorConfiguration="WCFDemo.DemoJsonService.endpointBehavior" /> <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"></endpoint> </service> </services> <behaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="metaBehavior"> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" /> <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" /> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> <endpointBehaviors> <behavior name="WCFDemo.DemoJsonService.endpointBehavior"> <webHttp helpEnabled="true"/> </behavior> </endpointBehaviors> </behaviors> <serviceHostingEnvironment multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" /> </system.serviceModel> </configuration>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Request Error</title> <style>BODY { color: #000000; background-color: white; font-family: Verdana; margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; } #content { margin-left: 30px; font-size: .70em; padding-bottom: 2em; } A:link { color: #336699; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline; } A:visited { color: #6699cc; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline; } A:active { color: #336699; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline; } .heading1 { background-color: #003366; border-bottom: #336699 6px solid; color: #ffffff; font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 26px; font-weight: normal;margin: 0em 0em 10px -20px; padding-bottom: 8px; padding-left: 30px;padding-top: 16px;} pre { font-size:small; background-color: #e5e5cc; padding: 5px; font-family: Courier New; margin-top: 0px; border: 1px #f0f0e0 solid; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: -pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; } table { border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; font-family: Verdana;} table th { border-right: 2px white solid; border-bottom: 2px white solid; font-weight: bold; background-color: #cecf9c;} table td { border-right: 2px white solid; border-bottom: 2px white solid; background-color: #e5e5cc;}</style> </head> <body> <div id="content"> <p class="heading1">Request Error</p> <p xmlns="">The server encountered an error processing the request. Please see the <a rel="help-page" href="http://169.254.14.147:8080/DemoJsonService.svc/DemoJsonService/help">service help page</a> for constructing valid requests to the service. The exception message is 'Attempted to divide by zero.'. See server logs for more details. The exception stack trace is: </p> <p> at WCFDemo.DemoJsonService.Divide(Int32 numerator, Int32 denominator) at SyncInvokeDivide(Object , Object[] , Object[] ) at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.SyncMethodInvoker.Invoke(Object instance, Object[] inputs, Object[]& outputs) at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.DispatchOperationRuntime.InvokeBegin(MessageRpc& rpc) at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.ProcessMessage5(MessageRpc& rpc) at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.ProcessMessage31(MessageRpc& rpc) at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.MessageRpc.Process(Boolean isOperationContextSet)</p> </div> </body> </html>
(三)总结
出于安全考虑,WCF Server不会暴露异常的详细信息,如果想看到这一信息,需要在服务器上将配置文件修改为<serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />。
【推荐】国内首个AI IDE,深度理解中文开发场景,立即下载体验Trae
【推荐】编程新体验,更懂你的AI,立即体验豆包MarsCode编程助手
【推荐】抖音旗下AI助手豆包,你的智能百科全书,全免费不限次数
【推荐】轻量又高性能的 SSH 工具 IShell:AI 加持,快人一步
· Linux系列:如何用 C#调用 C方法造成内存泄露
· AI与.NET技术实操系列(二):开始使用ML.NET
· 记一次.NET内存居高不下排查解决与启示
· 探究高空视频全景AR技术的实现原理
· 理解Rust引用及其生命周期标识(上)
· DeepSeek 开源周回顾「GitHub 热点速览」
· 物流快递公司核心技术能力-地址解析分单基础技术分享
· .NET 10首个预览版发布:重大改进与新特性概览!
· AI与.NET技术实操系列(二):开始使用ML.NET
· 单线程的Redis速度为什么快?
2012-10-27 MS CRM 2011 Field Security Profile