[Docker] 00 - What is Docker?

一、资源

【尚硅谷】Docker全套教程 by周阳 on Apr 15, 2019

基于 Go语言实现的云开源项目。 
 
Docker Hub: DockerHub入门
 
Mesos是什么？
 

  • 学习路线图

二、理念

开发者去构成一个镜像，放在docker上面跑。

为什么快？

软件工作所需的库资源和设置。

但，没有自己的内核，也没有进行硬件虚拟。

 

三、安装

因为基于go语言，所以最好使用较新的系统和版本。

 

  • CentOS6.8 安装 Docker

 

  • Ubuntu 18.04 安装 Docker

Docker Tutorial 1: Docker Installation in Ubuntu 18.04

官方安装文档：https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu/

 

四、架构图

一个image可以创建多个containers。类似于一个class可以实例化为多个“对象”。

 

 

五、docker run

先从本地看是否有该镜像；如果没有，就从云下载。

jeff@ThinkPad-T490:docker_study$ sudo docker run hello-world

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

 

六、基本命令

jeff@unsw-ThinkPad-T490:docker_study$ sudo docker version

Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           19.03.12
 API version:       1.40
 Go version:        go1.13.10
 Git commit:        48a66213fe
 Built:             Mon Jun 22 15:45:36 2020
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Experimental:      false

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          19.03.12
  API version:      1.40 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.13.10
  Git commit:       48a66213fe
  Built:            Mon Jun 22 15:44:07 2020
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.2.13
  GitCommit:        7ad184331fa3e55e52b890ea95e65ba581ae3429
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.0-rc10
  GitCommit:        dc9208a3303feef5b3839f4323d9beb36df0a9dd
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.18.0
  GitCommit:        fec3683


jeff@unsw-ThinkPad-T490:docker_study$ sudo docker info

Client:
 Debug Mode: false

Server:
 Containers: 2
  Running: 0
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 2
 Images: 1
 Server Version: 19.03.12
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: extfs
  Supports d_type: true
  Native Overlay Diff: true
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: runc
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: 7ad184331fa3e55e52b890ea95e65ba581ae3429
 runc version: dc9208a3303feef5b3839f4323d9beb36df0a9dd
 init version: fec3683
 Security Options:
  apparmor
  seccomp
   Profile: default
 Kernel Version: 5.4.0-42-generic
 Operating System: Ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 8
 Total Memory: 31.03GiB
 Name: unsw-ThinkPad-T490
 ID: OT5L:TWN2:W3WH:WIQL:7NFV:QQWT:24PD:RUSG:LG4L:34SD:ZRT4:R3MR
 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
 Debug Mode: false
 Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
 Labels:
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Live Restore Enabled: false

WARNING: No swap limit support

Ref: 修改 Docker 的默认存储路径

 

  

  • docker images

如下，只有一个image；镜像是分层的。

$ sudo docker images

REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
hello-world         latest              bf756fb1ae65        7 months ago        13.3kB

OPTIONS说明：

 

  • docker search

搜索的是云(docker hub)上的全部的！

-s 30 点赞数；

--no-trunc 显示完整的镜像描述；

--automated 只列出automated build类型的镜像；

jeff@ThinkPad-T490:docker_study$ sudo docker search hello-world

NAME                                       DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
hello-world                                Hello World! (an example of minimal Dockeriz…   1277                [OK]                
kitematic/hello-world-nginx                A light-weight nginx container that demonstr…   147                                     
tutum/hello-world                          Image to test docker deployments. Has Apache…   73                                      [OK]
dockercloud/hello-world                    Hello World!                                    19                                      [OK]

 

  • docker pull

拉下来一个image，例如tomcat。

$ sudo docker pull tomcat

Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/tomcat
d6ff36c9ec48: Pull complete 
c958d65b3090: Pull complete 
edaf0a6b092f: Pull complete 
80931cf68816: Pull complete 
bf04b6bbed0c: Pull complete 
8bf847804f9e: Pull complete 
fa776a6e7e37: Pull complete 
586534165c2f: Pull complete 
0f6d126a6962: Pull complete 
9f3317edffb3: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:9de2415ccf10fe8e5906e4b72eda21649a7a1d0b88e9111f8409062599f3728e
Status: Downloaded newer image for tomcat:latest
docker.io/library/tomcat:latest

 

  • docker rmi

docker rmi -f $(docker images -qa) 全面的批量删除。

jeff@ThinkPad-T490:docker_study$ sudo docker rmi -f hello-world
Untagged: hello-world:latest
Untagged: hello-world@sha256:7f0a9f93b4aa3022c3a4c147a449bf11e0941a1fd0bf4a8e6c9408b2600777c5
Deleted: sha256:bf756fb1ae65adf866bd8c456593cd24beb6a0a061dedf42b26a993176745f6b

jeff@ThinkPad-T490:docker_study$ sudo docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
tomcat              latest              2ae23eb477aa        2 weeks ago         647MB

 

 

以上便是“镜像”的相关命令，下一讲，容器的相关命令。

posted @ 2020-08-26 10:00  郝壹贰叁  阅读(183)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报