Ubuntu

## adjust resolution for VirtualBox Ubuntu VM

sudo apt-get install virtualbox-guest-dkms

 

## install Chinese input method

sudo apt-get install fcitx-googlepinyin
im-config 

## install Ubuntu in a LVM-style way

# Enter the "Try Ubuntu" mode with Ubuntu Desktop 16.04 CD
# use fdisk to make 3 partitions on /dev/sda (capacity: 500GB)
# within fdisk, type "g" to use gpt partition table
sudo fdisk /dev/sda

# Below lists a sample of physical partitions
　　/dev/sda1    1G    # for /boot
　　/dev/sda2    7G    # for swap
　　/dev/sda3    80G   # for LVM physical volume

# create a physical volume with /dev/sda3
sudo pvcreate /dev/sda3

# init a volume group with the pv above
sudo vgcreate vg1 /dev/sda3

# create a logical volume for the root /
sudo lvcreate -L 7G -n lvroot vg1

# create a lv for /home
sudo lvcreate -L 20G -n lvhome vg1

# create a lv for /tmp
sudo lvcreate -L 5G -n lvtmp vg1

# for /usr
sudo lvcreate -L 10G -n lvusr vg1

# for /usr/local
sudo lvcreate -L 5G -n lvusrlocal vg1

# for /opt
sudo lvcreate -L 5G -n lvopt vg1

# for /srv
sudo lvcreate -L 5G -n lvsrv vg1

# for /var
sudo lvcreate -L 10G -n lvvar vg1

# choose "Something else" to install Ubuntu
# set ext4 as filesystem for these logical volumes
# and set mount points according their names

## more with LVM

sudo lvdisplay vg1/lvhome
sudo lvextend -L +5G vg1/lvhome
sudo resize2fs /dev/vg1/lvhome

 

## using tornado, django, pymongo with python3

sudo apt-get install python3-pip
pip3 -V

sudo pip3 install tornado
sudo pip3 install django
sudo pip3 install pymongo

# ssh without password

ssh-keygen
ssh-copy-id -p 64001 user@remoteHost

# mount partition at startup

ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid
cat /etc/fstab
sudo fdisk -l
sudo blkid
# add a line like below to the file /etc/fstab
/dev/disk/by-uuid/637d08c5-c89e-4dd6-8454-6c524c4207a7 /media/data ext4 defaults 0 0

# use curl with a proxy

curl -x 'http://domain\user:password@host:port' -O 'urlstring'

# allow apt pass a proxy

# create the apt.conf file if it doesn't exist
sudo touch /etc/apt/apt.conf

# add the following line to the file
Acquire::http::Proxy "http://domain\user:password@host:port";

# change screen resolution for Ubuntu 14.04 Desktop running in Windows 8.1 Hyper-V

# update the file /etc/default/grub
sudo vi /etc/default/grub

# change the line below
# GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="video=hyperv_fb:[width]x[height]"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="video=hyperv_fb:1600x900"

# update grub and reboot
sudo update-grub
sudo reboot

# change password for root

sudo passwd root

# enable manual login for Ubuntu Desktop

# create a config file under /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/
mkdir /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d
touch /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/show-manual-login.conf

# add the following setting to the file
sudo su -c 'printf "[SeatDefaults]\ngreeter-show-manual-login=true\n" > /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/show-manual-login.conf'

# disable guest login for Ubuntu Desktop

sudo su -c 'printf "[SeatDefaults]\nallow-guest=false\n" > /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/disable-guest-login.conf'

# hide user list on the Login screen

sudo su -c 'printf "[SeatDefaults]\greeter-hide-users=true\n" > /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/hide-user-list.conf'

# lock user

sudo passwd -l root

# install and configure openssh server

apt-get update
apt-get install openssh-server
vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config # PermitRootLogin yes
/etc/init.d/ssh restart

# copy files from another machine

rsync -av root@ub14x64s-c1:/root/mysql-tarballs .

# ssh to another server

ssh [usename@]<hostname|ipaddress>

# configure network interface

# /etc/network/interfaces

# The loopback network interface
auto lo 
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
auto eth0 eth1 eth2

iface eth0 inet static
address 10.0.0.21
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 10.0.0.2
dns-search localdomain
dns-nameservers 10.0.0.2

iface eth1 inet static
address 10.0.1.21
netmask 255.255.255.0

iface eth2 inet manual
up ip link set dev $IFACE up
down ip link set dev $IFACE down

# install USB wireless network interface

# Tried and True environment: Ubuntu Server 14.04 x64, TL-WN821N Ver 3.0, No Network-Manager and wicd installed.

# Use lsusb to view USB device information. Below is an example.
#Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
#Bus 008 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
#Bus 007 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
#Bus 006 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
#Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0cf3:7015 Atheros Communications, Inc. TP-Link TL-WN821N v3 802.11n [Atheros AR7010+AR9287]
#Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
#Bus 005 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
#Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
#Bus 003 Device 002: ID 045e:0040 Microsoft Corp. Wheel Mouse Optical
#Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub

lsusb

# Install ndiswrapper
apt-get install ndiswrapper-utils-1.9

# Download and install driver
# The driver for Windows XP 64bit works well on Ubuntu Server 14.04 64bit.
mkdir /tmp/tl-wn821n
cd /tmp/tl-wn821n
wget http://www.tp-link.com/resources/software/TL-WN821N_V3_110125.zip
unzip TL-WN821N_V3_110125.zip
cd Driver\ Files/Windows\ XP\ 64bit/
ndiswrapper -i netathuwx.inf

# Verify if the installtion succeeds.
# If succeeds, the terminal will prompt you with the message below
# "netathuwx : driver installed ... device (0CF3:7015) present (alternate driver: ath9k_htc)"
ndiswrapper -l

# Enable ndiswrapper to be loaded at system startup
# by appending ndiswrapper to the end /etc/modules
vi /etc/modules

# Load ndiswrapper
modprobe ndiswrapper
ndiswrapper -m

# The final step, reboot your system
reboot

# configure wireless network interface

# Install wpasupplicant
apt-get install wpasupplicant

# Generate a conf file that contains wireless network name and password
wpa_passphrase "your_wireless_network_name" "your_wireless_network_password" > /etc/wpa.conf

# Open /etc/network/interfaces
vi /etc/network/interfaces

# Edit or add wlan0 settings like below. Below is an example of using static IP address
auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet static
        address 192.168.0.21
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        gateway 192.168.0.1
        dns-nameservers 192.168.0.1
        wpa-conf /etc/wpa.conf

# Save the file, and reboot your system
reboot

# set Windows 7 to boot as the default

# Edit /etc/default/grub, and change GRUB_DEFAULT like below
GRUB_DEFAULT="Windows 7 (/dev/sda1)"

# Execute update-grub to update /boot/grub/grug.cfg
update-grub

# Reboot your system
reboot