Active Record 活动记录

ActiveRecord活动记录类

 

一.声明AR类(模型层)

      

      

       namespaceapp\models;

 

       useyii\db\ActiveRecord;

 

       classCustomer extends ActiveRecord

       {

           /**

            *@return string 返回该AR类关联的数据表名

          */

                  publicstatic function tableName()

                  {

              return 'customer';

                  }

       }

 

输出sql:createCommand()->getRawSql();

 

二.使用AR类进行增删改查(控制器层)

      

       //"id" 和"mail" 是 $customer 对象所关联的数据表的对应字段名

       $id    = $customer->id;

       $email= $customer->email;

 

 

       AR提供了两种方法来构建 DB 查询并向 AR 实例里填充数据:

       yii\db\ActiveRecord::find()

       yii\db\ActiveRecord::findBySql()

 

1.简单查询方法

 

Customer::find()->one();    此方法返回一条数据;

 

Customer::find()->all();    此方法返回所有数据;

 

Customer::find()->count();    此方法返回记录的数量;

 

Customer::find()->average();    此方法返回指定列的平均值;

 

Customer::find()->min();    此方法返回指定列的最小值;

 

Customer::find()->max();    此方法返回指定列的最大值;

 

Customer::find()->scalar();    此方法返回值的第一行第一列的查询结果;

 

Customer::find()->column();    此方法返回查询结果中的第一列的值;

 

Customer::find()->exists();    此方法返回一个值指示是否包含查询结果的数据行;

 

Customer::find()->asArray()->one();    以数组形式返回一条数据;

 

Customer::find()->asArray()->all();    以数组形式返回所有数据;

 

Customer::find()->where($condition)->asArray()->one();    根据条件以数组形式返回一条数据;

 

Customer::find()->where($condition)->asArray()->all();    根据条件以数组形式返回所有数据;

 

Customer::find()->where($condition)->asArray()->orderBy('idDESC')->all();    根据条件以数组形式返回所有数据,并根据ID倒序;

 

2.findOne()和findAll()

 

// 查询年龄为30,状态值为1的客户

$customer = Customer::findOne(['age' =>30, 'status' => 1]);

$customer =Customer::find()->where(['age' => 30, 'status' => 1])->one();

// 查询id值为10,11,12的客户

$customers = Customer::findAll([10, 11,12]);

$customers =Customer::find()->where(['id' => [10, 11, 12]])->all();

 

 

3.where()条件

$customers = Customer::find()->where($cond)->all();

 

$cond写法举例:

 

// SQL: (type = 1) AND (status = 2).

$cond =['type' => 1, 'status' => 2]

 

// SQL:(id IN (1, 2, 3)) AND (status = 2)

$cond =['id' => [1, 2, 3], 'status' => 2]

 

//SQL:status IS NULL

$cond = ['status' => null]

[[and]]:将不同的条件组合在一起,用法举例:

 

//SQL:`id=1 AND id=2`

$cond = ['and', 'id=1', 'id=2']

 

//SQL:`type=1 AND (id=1 OR id=2)`

$cond = ['and', 'type=1', ['or', 'id=1','id=2']]

[[or]]:

 

//SQL:`(type IN (7, 8, 9) OR (id IN (1, 2,3)))`

$cond = ['or', ['type' => [7, 8, 9]],['id' => [1, 2, 3]]

[[not]]:

 

 

//SQL:`NOT (attribute IS NULL)`

$cond = ['not', ['attribute' => null]]

[[between]]: not between 用法相同

 

 

//SQL:`id BETWEEN 1 AND 10`

$cond = ['between', 'id', 1, 10]

 

 

[[in]]: not in 用法类似

//SQL:`id IN (1, 2, 3)`

$cond = ['in', 'id', [1, 2, 3]]

//IN条件也适用于多字段

$cond = ['in', ['id', 'name'], [['id' =>1, 'name' => 'foo'], ['id' => 2, 'name' => 'bar']]]

//也适用于内嵌sql语句

$cond = ['in', 'user_id', (newQuery())->select('id')->from('users')->where(['active' => 1])]

 

[[like]]:

//SQL:`name LIKE '%tester%'`

$cond = ['like', 'name', 'tester']

 

//SQL:`name LIKE '%test%' AND name LIKE'%sample%'`

$cond = ['like', 'name', ['test','sample']]

 

//SQL:`name LIKE '%tester'`

$cond = ['like', 'name', '%tester', false]

 

 

此外,您可以指定任意运算符如下

 

//SQL:`id >= 10`

$cond = ['>=', 'id', 10]

 

//SQL:`id != 10`

$cond = ['!=', 'id', 10]

 

 

 

3.增删改

 

// 插入新客户的记录

$customer = new Customer();

$customer->name = 'James';

$customer->email = 'james@example.com';

$customer->save();  // 等同于 $customer->insert();

 

// 更新现有客户记录

$customer = Customer::findOne($id);

$customer->email = 'james@example.com';

$customer->save();  // 等同于 $customer->update();

 

// 删除已有客户记录

$customer = Customer::findOne($id);

$customer->delete();

 

// 删除多个年龄大于20,性别为男(Male)的客户记录

Customer::deleteAll('age > :age ANDgender = :gender', [':age' => 20, ':gender' => 'M']);

 

// 所有客户的age(年龄)字段加1:

Customer::updateAllCounters(['age' =>1]);

      

 

4.两表联查

4.两表联查

[[ActiveRecord::hasOne()]]:返回对应关系的单条记录

[[ActiveRecord::hasMany()]]:返回对应关系的多条记录

 

//客户表Model:CustomerModel

//订单表Model:OrdersModel

 

//首先要建立表与表之间的关系

//在CustomerModel中添加与订单的关系

 

模型层:    

Class CustomerModel extends\yii\db\ActiveRecord

{

   ...

   

   public function getOrders()

    {

       //客户和订单是一对多的关系所以用hasMany

       //此处OrdersModel在CustomerModel顶部别忘了加对应的命名空间

       //id对应的是OrdersModel的id字段,order_id对应CustomerModel的order_id字段

       return $this->hasMany(OrdersModel::className(), ['id'=>'order_id']);

    }

 

}

 

控制器层:

 

public function actionIndex{

       $customer= Customer::find()->where(['name'=>'zhangsan'])->one();

       $orders= $customer->getOrders();

     或者

       $orders= $customer->orders;   // 魔术方法自动补全getOrders();

 

       //关联查询的多次查询

       $customer= Customer::find()->with('order')->all();

       foreach($customeras $customer){

              $orders = $customer ->orders;

       }    

}

 

视图层向控制器层传值

首先在所在的视图层  use yii\helpers\Url;使用

Get方式

其次使用<?= Url::to(['控制器/方法'])?>?参数=值

 

 

 

 

posted @ 2016-03-29 10:14  汀风说后端  阅读(73)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报