摘要
在同一页面上以 GridView 配合 FormView 来完成数据的「新增/修改/删除」,在这个范例中有下列二个特点。
1. GridView 及 FormView 系结同一个 SqlDataSource 控件。
2. FormView 只使用 EditItemTemplate,同时来做新增及修改的动作。
范例程序代码: GridView1.rar
画面配置
此范例使用 Northwind 数据库的 Employees 数据表当作数据来源,在页面上放置 SqlDataSource、GridView、FormView,而 GridView 及 FormView 系结至同一个 SqlDataSource 控件。
GridView 的部分,启用分页模式,每页设为 5 笔,并将 CommandField 转为 TemplateField,然后在 HeaderTemplate 部分加入一个「新增」钮。
FormView 的部分在浏览模式为隐藏,设定属性 Visible="False"。执行新增及编辑时只会使用到 EditItemTemplate,故只保留 EditItemTemplate 的内容,然后设定属性 DefaultMode="Edit"。
aspx 程序代码如下
Code
1<%@ Page Language="VB" AutoEventWireup="false" CodeFile="Default.aspx.vb" Inherits="_Default" %>
2
3<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
4
5<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
6<head runat="server">
7 <title>未命名页面</title>
8</head>
9<body>
10 <form id="form1" runat="server">
11 <div style="text-align: center">
12 <strong><span style="color: #3333ff">GridView+FormView 示范数据 新增/修改/删除<br />
13 </span></strong>
14 <br />
15 <asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AllowPaging="True" AutoGenerateColumns="False"
16 CellPadding="4" DataKeyNames="EmployeeID" DataSourceID="SqlDataSource1" EmptyDataText="没有数据录可显示。"
17 ForeColor="#333333" GridLines="None" PageSize="5">
18 <FooterStyle BackColor="#507CD1" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" />
19 <RowStyle BackColor="#EFF3FB" />
20 <Columns>
21 <asp:TemplateField ShowHeader="False">
22 <HeaderTemplate>
23 <asp:Button ID="btnInsert" runat="server" CausesValidation="False" CommandName="Insert"
24 Text="新增"></asp:Button>
25 </HeaderTemplate>
26 <ItemTemplate>
27 <asp:Button ID="btnEdit" runat="server" CausesValidation="False" CommandName="Edit"
28 Text="编辑"></asp:Button>
29 <asp:Button ID="btnDelete" runat="server" CausesValidation="False" CommandName="Delete"
30 Text="删除"></asp:Button>
31 </ItemTemplate>
32 </asp:TemplateField>
33 <asp:BoundField DataField="EmployeeID" HeaderText="EmployeeID" InsertVisible="False"
34 ReadOnly="True" SortExpression="EmployeeID" />
35 <asp:BoundField DataField="LastName" HeaderText="LastName" SortExpression="LastName" />
36 <asp:BoundField DataField="FirstName" HeaderText="FirstName" SortExpression="FirstName" />
37 <asp:BoundField DataField="Title" HeaderText="Title" SortExpression="Title" />
38 </Columns>
39 <PagerStyle BackColor="#2461BF" ForeColor="White" HorizontalAlign="Center" />
40 <SelectedRowStyle BackColor="#D1DDF1" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="#333333" />
41 <HeaderStyle BackColor="#507CD1" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" />
42 <EditRowStyle BackColor="#2461BF" />
43 <AlternatingRowStyle BackColor="White" />
44 </asp:GridView>
45 <asp:FormView ID="FormView1" runat="server" CellPadding="4" DataKeyNames="EmployeeID"
46 DataSourceID="SqlDataSource1" DefaultMode="Edit" ForeColor="#333333" Visible="False">
47 <FooterStyle BackColor="#990000" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" />
48 <RowStyle BackColor="#FFFBD6" ForeColor="#333333" />
49 <EditItemTemplate>
50 <table style="width: 400px">
51 <tr>
52 <td style="width: 100px; text-align: left">
53 EmployeeID</td>
54 <td style="width: 392px; text-align: left">
55 <asp:Label ID="EmployeeIDLabel1" runat="server" Text='<%# Eval("EmployeeID") %>'></asp:Label>
56 <asp:TextBox ID="txtEmployeeID" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("EmployeeID") %>'></asp:TextBox></td>
57 </tr>
58 <tr>
59 <td style="width: 100px; text-align: left">
60 LastName</td>
61 <td style="width: 392px; text-align: left">
62 <asp:TextBox ID="txtLastName" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("LastName") %>'></asp:TextBox></td>
63 </tr>
64 <tr>
65 <td style="width: 100px; text-align: left">
66 FirstName</td>
67 <td style="width: 392px; text-align: left">
68 <asp:TextBox ID="txtFirstName" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("FirstName") %>'></asp:TextBox></td>
69 </tr>
70 <tr>
71 <td style="width: 100px; text-align: left">
72 Title</td>
73 <td style="width: 392px; text-align: left">
74 <asp:TextBox ID="txtTitle" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("Title") %>'></asp:TextBox></td>
75 </tr>
76 </table>
77 <br />
78 <asp:LinkButton ID="InsertButton" runat="server" CausesValidation="False" CommandName="Insert"
79 Text="新增"></asp:LinkButton>
80 <asp:LinkButton ID="UpdateButton" runat="server" CausesValidation="True" CommandName="Update"
81 Text="更新"></asp:LinkButton>
82 <asp:LinkButton ID="CancelButton" runat="server" CausesValidation="False" CommandName="Cancel"
83 Text="取消"></asp:LinkButton>
84 </EditItemTemplate>
85 <PagerStyle BackColor="#FFCC66" ForeColor="#333333" HorizontalAlign="Center" />
86 <HeaderStyle BackColor="#990000" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" />
87 </asp:FormView>
88 <asp:SqlDataSource ID="SqlDataSource1" runat="server" ConnectionString="<%$ ConnectionStrings:NorthwindConnectionString1 %>"
89 DeleteCommand="DELETE FROM [Employees] WHERE [EmployeeID] = @original_EmployeeID" InsertCommand="INSERT INTO [Employees] ([LastName], [FirstName], [Title]) VALUES (@LastName, @FirstName, @Title)"
90 ProviderName="<%$ ConnectionStrings:NorthwindConnectionString1.ProviderName %>"
91 SelectCommand="SELECT [EmployeeID], [LastName], [FirstName], [Title] FROM [Employees]"
92 UpdateCommand="UPDATE [Employees] SET [LastName] = @LastName, [FirstName] = @FirstName, [Title] = @Title WHERE [EmployeeID] = @original_EmployeeID" OldValuesParameterFormatString="original_{0}">
93 <DeleteParameters>
94 <asp:Parameter Name="original_EmployeeID" Type="Int32" />
95 </DeleteParameters>
96 <InsertParameters>
97 <asp:Parameter Name="LastName" Type="String" />
98 <asp:Parameter Name="FirstName" Type="String" />
99 <asp:Parameter Name="Title" Type="String" />
100 </InsertParameters>
101 <UpdateParameters>
102 <asp:Parameter Name="LastName" Type="String" />
103 <asp:Parameter Name="FirstName" Type="String" />
104 <asp:Parameter Name="Title" Type="String" />
105 <asp:Parameter Name="original_EmployeeID" Type="Int32" />
106 </UpdateParameters>
107 </asp:SqlDataSource>
108 <br />
109
110 </div>
111 </form>
112</body>
113</html>
程序代码说明
GridView 的 CommandField 因为切换为 TemplateField,所以在 RowDataBound 事件中,需要去设定「编辑」钮的 CommandArgument 属性值为 RowIndex,GridView 的编辑动作才能正常执行。
1 Protected Sub GridView1_RowDataBound()Sub GridView1_RowDataBound(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.Web.UI.WebControls.GridViewRowEventArgs) Handles GridView1.RowDataBound
2 Dim oButton As Button
3
4 If e.Row.RowType = DataControlRowType.DataRow Then
5 '设定编辑钮的 CommandArgument
6 oButton = CType(e.Row.Cells(0).FindControl("btnEdit"), Button)
7 oButton.CommandArgument = e.Row.RowIndex.ToString
8 End If
9 End Sub
程序执行时预设为浏览模式,故只有显示 GridView,而 FormView 预设是隐藏。当 GridView 按下新增及编辑时,需要将 GirdView 隐藏,将 FormView 显示。所以在 GridView 的 RowCommand 事件中撰写如下程序代码。
执行「编辑」时,以 GetEditIndex 函式是取得 FormView 对应的编辑列索引,设定给 FormView.PageIndex,并将 FormView 切换为编辑模式。
执行「新增」钮,将 FormView.InsertItemTemplate 设为 FormView.EddiItemTemplate,即新增及编辑都使用同一个 Template,并将 FormView 切换为新增模式。
1 Protected Sub GridView1_RowCommand()Sub GridView1_RowCommand(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.Web.UI.WebControls.GridViewCommandEventArgs) Handles GridView1.RowCommand
2 Dim iEditIndex As Integer
3
4 Select Case e.CommandName.ToUpper
5 Case "Edit".ToUpper '编辑模式
6 iEditIndex = GetEditIndex(CType(sender, GridView), CInt(e.CommandArgument))
7 FormView1.PageIndex = iEditIndex
8 FormView1.ChangeMode(FormViewMode.Edit) 'FormView 切换为编辑模式
9 FormView1.Visible = True 'FormView 显示
10 GridView1.Visible = False 'GridView 隐藏
11
12 Case "Insert".ToUpper '新增模式
13 '因为只有使用 EditItemTemplate,故将 InsertItemTemplate 设为 EditItemTemplate
14 FormView1.InsertItemTemplate = FormView1.EditItemTemplate
15 FormView1.ChangeMode(FormViewMode.Insert) 'FormView 切换为新增模式
16 FormView1.Visible = True 'FormView 显示
17 GridView1.Visible = False 'GridView 隐藏
18 End Select
19 End Sub
20
21 /**/''' <summary>
22 ''' 取得编辑列索引。
23 ''' </summary>
24 ''' <param name="GridView">GridView 控件。</param>
25 ''' <param name="RowIndex">GridView 的数据列索引。</param>
26 Private Function GetEditIndex()Function GetEditIndex(ByVal GridView As GridView, ByVal RowIndex As Integer) As Integer
27 Dim iEditIndex As Integer
28
29 If GridView.AllowPaging Then
30 'GridView 有分页时,要把考虑目前的页数及每页笔数
31 iEditIndex = (GridView.PageIndex) * GridView.PageSize + RowIndex
32 Else
33 'GridView 无分页时,直接使用 e.NewSelectedIndex
34 iEditIndex = RowIndex
35 End If
36 Return iEditIndex
37 End Function
在 FormView 中因为只使用 EddiItemTemplate 来处理「新增」及「编辑」模式,做需要置放「新增」、「更新」、「取消」三个按钮。
在「新增」模式显示「新增」钮与「取消」钮,以及显示 EmployeeID 字段的 TextBox。
在「编辑」模式显示「更新」钮与「取消」钮。EmployeeID 字段为只读,故隐藏 EmployeeID 字段的 TextBox。
针对以上的处理动作,在 FormView 的 PreRender 事件中撰写如下程序代码来处理 FormView 子控件的显示及隐藏状态。
1 Protected Sub FormView1_PreRender()Sub FormView1_PreRender(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles FormView1.PreRender
2 Dim oFormView As FormView
3 Dim oLinkButton As LinkButton
4 Dim oTextBox As TextBox
5
6 oFormView = CType(sender, FormView)
7 If Not oFormView.Visible Then Exit Sub
8
9 Select Case oFormView.CurrentMode
10 Case FormViewMode.Edit '编辑模式
11 '隐藏新增钮
12 oLinkButton = oFormView.FindControl("InsertButton")
13 oLinkButton.Visible = False
14 '显示更新钮
15 oLinkButton = oFormView.FindControl("UpdateButton")
16 oLinkButton.Visible = True
17 '显示 EmployeeID 的 TextBox
18 oTextBox = oFormView.FindControl("txtEmployeeID")
19 oTextBox.Visible = False
20 Case FormViewMode.Insert
21 '显示新增钮
22 oLinkButton = oFormView.FindControl("InsertButton")
23 oLinkButton.Visible = True
24 '隐藏更新钮
25 oLinkButton = oFormView.FindControl("UpdateButton")
26 oLinkButton.Visible = False
27 '显示 EmployeeID 的 TextBox
28 oTextBox = oFormView.FindControl("txtEmployeeID")
29 oTextBox.Visible = True
30 End Select
31 End Sub
当 FormView 执行「新增」、「更新」、「取消」钮的动作后,需要切换回浏览模式,即将 FormView 隐藏,而显示 GridView,相关程序代码如下。
1 /**/''' <summary>
2 ''' 切换为浏览模式。
3 ''' </summary>
4 Private Sub ChangeViewMode()Sub ChangeViewMode()
5 FormView1.Visible = False
6 GridView1.Visible = True
7 GridView1.EditIndex = -1
8 End Sub
9
10 Protected Sub FormView1_ItemCommand()Sub FormView1_ItemCommand(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.Web.UI.WebControls.FormViewCommandEventArgs) Handles FormView1.ItemCommand
11 If e.CommandName.ToUpper = "Cancel".ToUpper Then
12 '取消后,切换为浏览模式
13 ChangeViewMode()
14 End If
15 End Sub
16
17 Protected Sub FormView1_ItemInserted()Sub FormView1_ItemInserted(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.Web.UI.WebControls.FormViewInsertedEventArgs) Handles FormView1.ItemInserted
18 '新增后,切换为浏览模式
19 ChangeViewMode()
20 End Sub
21
22 Protected Sub FormView1_ItemUpdated()Sub FormView1_ItemUpdated(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.Web.UI.WebControls.FormViewUpdatedEventArgs) Handles FormView1.ItemUpdated
23 '更新后,切换为浏览模式
24 ChangeViewMode()
25 End Sub
执行程序
执行程序预设为浏览模式
按下 GridView 的「新增」钮时,即会切换到 FormView 的新增模式。
按钮 GridView 的「编辑」钮时,即会切换到 FormView 的编辑模式。