[leetcode] Two Sum

https://oj.leetcode.com/problems/two-sum/

Given an array of integers, find two numbers such that they add up to a specific target number.

The function twoSum should return indices of the two numbers such that they add up to the target, where index1 must be less than index2. Please note that your returned answers (both index1 and index2) are not zero-based.

You may assume that each input would have exactly one solution.

Input: numbers={2, 7, 11, 15}, target=9
Output: index1=1, index2=2

 

思路1:对于每一个元素,遍历寻找另一个元素使得和为target,时间复杂度O(n^2)。

思路2:先排序,然后首尾两个指针向中间靠拢,两指针所指元素大于target,移动尾指针,小于target移动头指针,直至找到结果或者两个指针相遇。时间复杂度O(nlogn)。此方法可推广值3Sum,4Sum等,有待整理。(不过这题要返回索引,貌似不能用这个方法)

思路3:利用hashmap,将每个元素值作为key,数组索引作为value存入hashmap,然后遍历数组元素,在hashmap中寻找与之和为target的元素。 时间复杂度O(n),空间复杂度O(n)。

 

注意:返回的索引一定要是不同的两个索引,比如[3,2,4], 6的case,应该返回2,3而不是1,1.

 

public class Solution {
	public int[] twoSum(int[] numbers, int target) {
		int len = numbers.length;
		int[] result = new int[2];
		Map<Integer, Integer> map = new HashMap<Integer, Integer>();
		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
			map.put(numbers[i], i);
		}

		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
			int one = numbers[i];
			Integer two = map.get(target - one);
			if (two != null && i < two) {
				result[0] = i + 1;
				result[1] = two + 1;
				break;
			}
		}
		return result;

	}
}

 

第二遍记录:注意变量命名最好有可读性,否则容易搞错,下标还是数值区分开。

public class Solution {
    public int[] twoSum(int[] numbers, int target) {
        Map<Integer,Integer> map = new HashMap<Integer,Integer>();
        int[] res = new int[2];
        int n = numbers.length;
        for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
            map.put(numbers[i],i);
        
        for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
            Integer j = map.get(target-numbers[i]);
            if(j!=null&&i<j){
                res[0]=i+1;
                res[1]=j+1;
                break;
            }
            
        }    
        return res;
    }
}

 

第三遍优化:

可以一边检查之前的元素,一边放进map,一次遍历就可以了。

public class Solution {
    public int[] twoSum(int[] numbers, int target) {
        if(numbers==null||numbers.length<2)
            return null;
        HashMap<Integer,Integer> map = new HashMap<Integer,Integer>();
        int[] res = new int[2];
        for(int i=0;i<numbers.length;i++){
            if(map.get(target-numbers[i])!=null){
                res[0]=map.get(target-numbers[i])+1;
                res[1]=i+1;
            }
            map.put(numbers[i],i);
        }
        
        return res;
        
    }
}

 

第四遍

注意判断map中包含元素的方法, map.containsKey()

/**
*   注意题目要求可能影响解法,数组是否有重复元素?是否可以同一元素使用多次?返回结果是index还是元素?放回结果是否需要排序?是否一定有解,没有解返回什么?
**/
class Solution {
    public int[] twoSum(int[] nums, int target) {
        
        Map<Integer,Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
        for(int i=0;i<nums.length;i++){
            if(map.containsKey(target-nums[i])){
                return new int[]{i, map.get(target-nums[i])};
            }else{
                map.put(nums[i],i);
            }
        }
        return new int[]{-1,-1};
    }
}

  

 

posted @ 2014-06-26 18:55  jdflyfly  阅读(280)  评论(1编辑  收藏  举报