[LeetCode] Sort List
There are many merge-sort solutions at the forum, but very few quicksort solutions. So I post my accepted quicksort solution here.
Well, after reading the problem statement, I intuitively select quicksort since it is able to give an in-place solution and thus costs only constant space. Also, it is O(nlogn) in the expected case though it may become O(n^2) in the worst case.
Then I implement my quicksort solution and test it. I then submit it to the online judge. However, the annoying TLE error occurred. I check for the forums and some people suggested to use random pivoting or duplicate skipping. However, implementing random pivoting is a little costly, I lazily tried to skip the duplicates. And it works! So now comes the following solution . Note that each time I choose the first node as the pivot. Moreover, I create a new_head that points to headfor convenience.
Of course, this solution passes the online judge luckily. If the linked list is like: 100000 -> 99999 -> 99998 -> ... -> 1, it will fail since the subproblems only decrease by 1 at each recursion. However, it seems that the LeetCode OJ does not have this kind of test cases.
1 void sortListHelper(ListNode* head, ListNode* tail) { 2 if (head -> next == tail) return; 3 /* Partition the list. */ 4 ListNode* pre = head; 5 ListNode* cur = head -> next; 6 ListNode* pivot = cur; 7 while (cur -> next && cur -> next != tail) { 8 if (pivot -> val > cur -> next -> val) { 9 ListNode* temp = pre -> next; 10 pre -> next = cur -> next; 11 cur -> next = cur -> next -> next; 12 pre -> next -> next = temp; 13 } 14 else cur = cur -> next; 15 } 16 sortListHelper(head, pivot); 17 /* Here is the trick. */ 18 while (pivot -> next != tail && pivot -> next -> val == pivot -> val) 19 pivot = pivot -> next; 20 if (pivot -> next != tail) sortListHelper(pivot, tail); 21 } 22 23 ListNode* sortList(ListNode* head) { 24 ListNode* new_head = new ListNode(0); 25 new_head -> next = head; 26 sortListHelper(new_head, NULL); 27 return new_head -> next; 28 }
