一、$pull修饰符会删除掉数组中符合条件的元素,使用的格式是:
- { $pull: { <field1>: <value|condition>, <field2>: <value|condition>, ... } }
二、指定一个值删除所有的列表
给一个stores集合下的文档
- {
- _id: 1,
- fruits: [ "apples", "pears", "oranges", "grapes", "bananas" ],
- vegetables: [ "carrots", "celery", "squash", "carrots" ]
- }
- {
- _id: 2,
- fruits: [ "plums", "kiwis", "oranges", "bananas", "apples" ],
- vegetables: [ "broccoli", "zucchini", "carrots", "onions" ]
- }
"apples"和"oranges"在数组fruits
中和删除数组vegetables
中的"carrots"
- db.stores.update(
- { },
- { $pull: { fruits: { $in: [ "apples", "oranges" ] }, vegetables: "carrots" } },
- { multi: true }
- )
操作后的结果是:
- {
- "_id" : 1,
- "fruits" : [ "pears", "grapes", "bananas" ],
- "vegetables" : [ "celery", "squash" ]
- }
- {
- "_id" : 2,
- "fruits" : [ "plums", "kiwis", "bananas" ],
- "vegetables" : [ "broccoli", "zucchini", "onions" ]
- }
根据集合profiles集合文档
- { _id: 1, votes: [ 3, 5, 6, 7, 7, 8 ] }
如下操作会删除掉votes数组中元素大于等于6的元素
- db.profiles.update( { _id: 1 }, { $pull: { votes: { $gte: 6 } } } )
操作 之后数组中都是小于6的元素
- { _id: 1, votes: [ 3, 5 ] }
四、从一个数组嵌套文档中删除元素
一个survey集合包含如下文档
- {
- _id: 1,
- results: [
- { item: "A", score: 5 },
- { item: "B", score: 8, comment: "Strongly agree" }
- ]
- }
- {
- _id: 2,
- results: [
- { item: "C", score: 8, comment: "Strongly agree" },
- { item: "B", score: 4 }
- ]
- }
如下操作将会删除掉数组results中元素item等于B、元素score等于8的文档集合
- db.survey.update(
- { },
- { $pull: { results: { score: 8 , item: "B" } } },
- { multi: true }
- )
操作后的结果是:
- {
- "_id" : 1,
- "results" : [ { "item" : "A", "score" : 5 } ]
- }
- {
- "_id" : 2,
- "results" : [
- { "item" : "C", "score" : 8, "comment" : "Strongly agree" },
- { "item" : "B", "score" : 4 }
- ]
- }
五、如下集合文档是数组套数组类型
- {
- _id: 1,
- results: [
- { item: "A", score: 5, answers: [ { q: 1, a: 4 }, { q: 2, a: 6 } ] },
- { item: "B", score: 8, answers: [ { q: 1, a: 8 }, { q: 2, a: 9 } ] }
- ]
- }
- {
- _id: 2,
- results: [
- { item: "C", score: 8, answers: [ { q: 1, a: 8 }, { q: 2, a: 7 } ] },
- { item: "B", score: 4, answers: [ { q: 1, a: 0 }, { q: 2, a: 8 } ] }
- ]
- }
可以使用$elemMatch匹配多个条件
- db.survey.update(
- { },
- { $pull: { results: { answers: { $elemMatch: { q: 2, a: { $gte: 8 } } } } } },
- { multi: true }
- )
操作后的结果是:
- {
- "_id" : 1,
- "results" : [
- { "item" : "A", "score" : 5, "answers" : [ { "q" : 1, "a" : 4 }, { "q" : 2, "a" : 6 } ] }
- ]
- }
- {
- "_id" : 2,
- "results" : [
- { "item" : "C", "score" : 8, "answers" : [ { "q" : 1, "a" : 8 }, { "q" : 2, "a" : 7 } ] }
- ]
- }