Arduino笔记五三轴陀螺仪L3G4200D
L3G4200D是意法(ST)半导体公司推出的一款MEMS运动传感器:三轴数字输出陀螺仪。可选-250~250、-500~500、-2000-2000dps
开发环境:
系统:XP
单板:Arduino Leonardo
平台:arduino-1.0.1
目标:读三轴陀螺仪的原始数据,并通过串口显示
一、硬件介绍
三轴陀螺仪L3G4200D模块的原理图如下:
这里只用到SCL、SDA、VCC_3.3V、GND分别连接到Arduino的对应接口上。Arduino Leonardo上直接标有SDA、SCL连上即可,其它Arduino根据自己的板子连接。
二、编写测试代码
现在的arduino版本高,在网上找的例程都编译通不过,换了个低版本才编译通过。可以参考这个上面的代码 https://github.com/pololu/L3G4200D/tree/66f1448d7f6767e12d0fe0c5c50d4e037aedc27c/L3G4200D 找到这两个文件L3G4200D.cpp L3G4200D.h,但文件好像不能直接下,代码都贴在网页上,直接copy下来。然后还要在arduino-1.0.1-windows\arduino-1.0.1\libraries下新建L3G4200D目录,将L3G4200D.cpp L3G4200D.h拷到刚建的L3G4200D,就可以在Android中使用L3G4200D类。
文件L3G4200D.cpp
#include <L3G4200D.h> #include <Wire.h> #include <math.h> // Defines //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // The Arduino two-wire interface uses a 7-bit number for the address, // and sets the last bit correctly based on reads and writes #define GYR_ADDRESS (0xD2 >> 1) // Public Methods ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Turns on the L3G4200D's gyro and places it in normal mode. void L3G4200D::enableDefault(void) { // 0x0F = 0b00001111 // Normal power mode, all axes enabled writeReg(L3G4200D_CTRL_REG1, 0x0F); } // Writes a gyro register void L3G4200D::writeReg(byte reg, byte value) { Wire.beginTransmission(GYR_ADDRESS); Wire.write(reg); Wire.write(value); Wire.endTransmission(); } // Reads a gyro register byte L3G4200D::readReg(byte reg) { byte value; Wire.beginTransmission(GYR_ADDRESS); Wire.write(reg); Wire.endTransmission(); Wire.requestFrom(GYR_ADDRESS, 1); value = Wire.read(); Wire.endTransmission(); return value; } // Reads the 3 gyro channels and stores them in vector g void L3G4200D::read() { Wire.beginTransmission(GYR_ADDRESS); // assert the MSB of the address to get the gyro // to do slave-transmit subaddress updating. Wire.write(L3G4200D_OUT_X_L | (1 << 7)); Wire.endTransmission(); Wire.requestFrom(GYR_ADDRESS, 6); while (Wire.available() < 6); uint8_t xla = Wire.read(); uint8_t xha = Wire.read(); uint8_t yla = Wire.read(); uint8_t yha = Wire.read(); uint8_t zla = Wire.read(); uint8_t zha = Wire.read(); g.x = xha << 8 | xla; g.y = yha << 8 | yla; g.z = zha << 8 | zla; } void L3G4200D::vector_cross(const vector *a,const vector *b, vector *out) { out->x = a->y*b->z - a->z*b->y; out->y = a->z*b->x - a->x*b->z; out->z = a->x*b->y - a->y*b->x; } float L3G4200D::vector_dot(const vector *a,const vector *b) { return a->x*b->x+a->y*b->y+a->z*b->z; } void L3G4200D::vector_normalize(vector *a) { float mag = sqrt(vector_dot(a,a)); a->x /= mag; a->y /= mag; a->z /= mag; }
文件L3G4200D.h:
#ifndef L3G4200D_h #define L3G4200D_h #include <Arduino.h> // for byte data type // register addresses #define L3G4200D_WHO_AM_I 0x0F #define L3G4200D_CTRL_REG1 0x20 #define L3G4200D_CTRL_REG2 0x21 #define L3G4200D_CTRL_REG3 0x22 #define L3G4200D_CTRL_REG4 0x23 #define L3G4200D_CTRL_REG5 0x24 #define L3G4200D_REFERENCE 0x25 #define L3G4200D_OUT_TEMP 0x26 #define L3G4200D_STATUS_REG 0x27 #define L3G4200D_OUT_X_L 0x28 #define L3G4200D_OUT_X_H 0x29 #define L3G4200D_OUT_Y_L 0x2A #define L3G4200D_OUT_Y_H 0x2B #define L3G4200D_OUT_Z_L 0x2C #define L3G4200D_OUT_Z_H 0x2D #define L3G4200D_FIFO_CTRL_REG 0x2E #define L3G4200D_FIFO_SRC_REG 0x2F #define L3G4200D_INT1_CFG 0x30 #define L3G4200D_INT1_SRC 0x31 #define L3G4200D_INT1_THS_XH 0x32 #define L3G4200D_INT1_THS_XL 0x33 #define L3G4200D_INT1_THS_YH 0x34 #define L3G4200D_INT1_THS_YL 0x35 #define L3G4200D_INT1_THS_ZH 0x36 #define L3G4200D_INT1_THS_ZL 0x37 #define L3G4200D_INT1_DURATION 0x38 class L3G4200D { public: typedef struct vector { float x, y, z; } vector; vector g; // gyro angular velocity readings void enableDefault(void); void writeReg(byte reg, byte value); byte readReg(byte reg); void read(void); // vector functions static void vector_cross(const vector *a, const vector *b, vector *out); static float vector_dot(const vector *a,const vector *b); static void vector_normalize(vector *a); }; #endif
文件L3G4200D.ino
#include <Wire.h> #include <L3G4200D.h> L3G4200D gyro; void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); Wire.begin(); gyro.enableDefault(); } void loop() { gyro.read(); Serial.print("G "); Serial.print("X: "); Serial.print((int)gyro.g.x); Serial.print(" Y: "); Serial.print((int)gyro.g.y); Serial.print(" Z: "); Serial.println((int)gyro.g.z); delay(100); }
三、编译测试
Arduino还是很方便操作的,选择好单板、参考,直接点上面的“对勾”就开始编译,编译没问题,点“->”箭头状的,开始上传程序,直至上传进度条完成。
接着打开Tools/Serial Monitor 显示如下:
这是水平放置的结果,倾斜模块会看到值变化。