代码改变世界

POJ 3026 Borg Maze bfs + 最小生成树

2012-08-19 14:47  javaspring  阅读(251)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

来源:http://poj.org/problem?id=3026

题意:说有一个迷宫,里面有一些外星人,外星人用字母A表示,#表示墙,不能走,空格可以走。从起点‘S’出发。在起点和A处可以分叉,问找到所有的外星人的最短路径是多少。

思路:此题其实不是太难了,可以先用bfs搜索图,然后建边,求出一点到另一点的距离,然后求最小生成树即可。最小生成树用prime和kruskal均可。关键是这道题输入需要注意。首先先输入的是列,然后是行。其次是输入列和行的后面有可能有空格,因此需要gets一下。还有就是输入字母时,因为有空格,所以不要用cin,用scanf。

代码:

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <string.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;

#define CLR(arr,val) memset(arr,val,sizeof(arr))
const int N = 55*2;
int vis[N*2][N*2],map[N][N],father[N*2];
struct edge{
	int lp,rp,value;
}ee[15050];
struct point{
	int x,y,step;
}pp[N*2];
int row,col,numedge,numpoint;
int addx[4] = {0,0,1,-1};
int addy[4] = {1,-1,0,0};
bool fun(int x,int y){
	if(map[x][y] >= 0 && !vis[x][y])
		return true;
	return false;
}
void bfs(int posx,int posy,int id){
	CLR(vis,0);
	queue<point> qq;
	point newpp;
	newpp.x = posx;
	newpp.y = posy;
	newpp.step = 0;
	vis[posx][posy] = 1;
	qq.push(newpp);
	while(!qq.empty()){
		point tpp = qq.front();
		qq.pop();
		int tx = tpp.x;
		int ty = tpp.y;
		for(int i = 1; i < numpoint; ++i){
			if(pp[i].x == tx && pp[i].y == ty){
				ee[numedge].lp = id;
				ee[numedge].rp = i;
				ee[numedge].value = tpp.step;
				numedge++;
			}
		}
		for(int i = 0; i < 4; ++i){
		  int newx = tx + addx[i];
		  int newy = ty + addy[i];
		  if(fun(newx,newy)){
		    vis[newx][newy] = 1;
			point newp;
			newp.x = newx;
			newp.y = newy;
			newp.step = tpp.step + 1;
			qq.push(newp);
		  }
		}
	}
}
bool cmp(edge a,edge b){
	return a.value < b.value;
}
int find(int x){
	if(x == father[x])
		return x;
	return find(father[x]);
}
bool Union_Set(int x,int y){
	int fx = find(x);
	int fy = find(y);
	if(fx == fy)
		return false;
	else{
	  father[fx] = fy;
	  return true;
	}
}
int kruskal(){
	for(int i = 1; i <= numpoint; ++i)
		father[i] = i;
	int sum = 0;
	for(int i = 0; i < numedge; ++i){
	   int lx = ee[i].lp;
	   int rx = ee[i].rp;
	   if(Union_Set(lx,rx))
		   sum += ee[i].value;
	}

	return sum;
}
int main(){
	//freopen("1.txt","r",stdin);
	int numcase;
	scanf("%d",&numcase);
	char ch[N];
	while(numcase--){
		CLR(map,-1);
		for(int i = 0; i < N*2; ++i){
		  pp[i].x = pp[i].y = pp[i].step = 0;
		}
		for(int i = 0; i < 15000; ++i){
		  ee[i].lp = ee[i].rp = ee[i].value = 0;
		}
	  numpoint = 1;
	  numedge = 0;
	  scanf("%d%d",&col,&row);
	  gets(ch);
	  char ss;
	  for(int i = 1; i <= row; ++i){
		  for(int j = 1; j <= col; ++j){
		    scanf("%c",&ss);
			if(ss == '#')
				map[i][j] = -1;
			else if(ss == ' ')
				map[i][j] = 0;
			else{
			  map[i][j] = 1;
			  pp[numpoint].x = i;
			  pp[numpoint].y = j;
			  numpoint++;
			}
		  }
		  getchar();
	  }
	  for(int i = 1;i < numpoint; ++i){
	     int posx = pp[i].x;
		 int posy = pp[i].y;
		 bfs(posx,posy,i);
	  }
	  sort(ee,ee+numedge,cmp);
	  int ans = kruskal();
	  printf("%d\n",ans);
	}
	return 0 ;
}