SpringBoot中两种处理异常的方式

  本篇介绍一下SpringBoot中两种处理异常的方式  

一、实现ErrorPageRegistrar接口,指定跳转页面

  1、实现ErrorPageRegistrar接口

@Component
public class CommonErrorPageRegistrar implements ErrorPageRegistrar {

    @Override
    public void registerErrorPages(ErrorPageRegistry registry) {

        ErrorPage e404=new ErrorPage(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND,"/404.html");
        ErrorPage e500=new ErrorPage(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,"/500.html");
        ErrorPage args=new ErrorPage(IllegalArgumentException.class,"/args.html");
        ErrorPage nullpoint=new ErrorPage(NullPointerException.class,"/nullpoint.html");

        registry.addErrorPages(e404,e500,args,nullpoint);
    }
}

  2、在resources/public下建异常页面

  3、编写测试类

@RestController
public class UserController {

    @RequestMapping("/user/innererror")
    public String innererror(){
int a=10/0;
        return "innererror";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/user/index")
    public String index(){
throw new IllegalArgumentException("IllegalArgumentException抛出的异常");
    }

    @RequestMapping("/user/empty")
    public String empty(){
throw new NullPointerException("NullPointerException抛出的异常");
    }
}

  测试:浏览器输入与跳转关系如下

  http://localhost:8080/user/aaa  跳转404.html

  http://localhost:8080/user/innererror  跳转500.html

  http://localhost:8080/user/index  跳转args.html

  http://localhost:8080/user/empty  跳转nullpoint.html

二、使用注解的方式捕获满足其参数(异常类)的异常

  1、ExceptionHandler注解,用在类的方法上,只处理本类中的异常

@RestController
public class BookController {

    @ExceptionHandler(value=Exception.class)
    public String error(Exception e){
        return "found exception:"+e.getMessage();
    }

    @RequestMapping("/book/error1")
    public String error1 () throws FileNotFoundException{
        throw new FileNotFoundException(" book.txt not found");
    }

    @RequestMapping("/book/error2")
    public String error2 () throws ClassNotFoundException{
        throw new ClassNotFoundException(" Book class not found");
    }
}
@RestController
public class UserController {

    @RequestMapping("/user/index")
    public String index(){
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("IllegalArgumentException抛出的异常");
    }
}

  测试:浏览器输入与输出关系如下

  http://localhost:8080/book/error1  输出:found exception: book.txt not found

  http://localhost:8080/book/error2  输出:found exception: Book class not found

  http://localhost:8080/user/index  输出:Whitelabel Error Page(SpringBoot默认的)

  由于UserController中没有定义ExceptionHandler,所有会使用SpringBoot默认的异常

  2、ControllerAdvice注解,用在类上,处理所有Controller里面的异常

  将处理异常的方法提取到一个类中,异常发生时优先匹配本类中的方法,本类中无法找到则取匹配全局(使用ControllerAdvice)的

@ControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {

    @ExceptionHandler(value=Exception.class)
    @ResponseBody
    public String error(Exception e){
        return "global exception:"+e.getClass().getName();
    }
}

  此时输入http://localhost:8080/user/index,页面输出global exception:java.lang.IllegalArgumentException

  如果一个工程中即使用了页面,也使用了注解的方式,使用注解方式的优先级别更高

posted @ 2019-12-02 22:00  雷雨客  阅读(872)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报