oracle-审计2

三、语句审计：
语句审计选项包括：

/*
语句审计选项                          触发SQL语句
alter sequence         alter sequence

alter table    alter table

comment table    comment on table、comment on column

database link    create database link、drop database link

delete table    delete

execute procedure   执行任意一个过程、函数或对一个报中的任意一个游标或变量的访问

grant procedure    one function or package or grant on procedure

grant sequence    a grant on sequence(一个序列上的grant)

grant table    grant of one table or view (一个表或视图上的grant)

index     create index

insert table    insert of table or view（表或视图上的insert）

lock table    lock

not exists    all sql(所有的SQL语句)

procedure    create function;drop function;create package; create package body;
     drop package;create procedure;drop procedure;

profile     create profile;alter profile;drop profile;

role     create role;alter role;drop role; set role;

select sequence    select of a sequence(一个序列上的select)

select table    select from table or view(从表或视图上的select)

sequence    create sequence; drop sequence

session     logon

synonym     create synonym;drop synonym;

system audit    audit;noaudit

system grant    grant; revoke

table     create table;drop table; truncate table

tablespace    create tablespace; alter tablespace; drop tablespace

trigger     create trigger;alter trigger;alter table;

update table    update of a table or view(一个表或视图上的update)

user     create user; alter user; drop user;

view      create view; drop view

 

*/

-- 3.1 查看数据库中已经启用审计的选项

SQL> select user_name, audit_option, success, failure
  2  from dba_stmt_audit_opts;

未选定行

SQL> audit table;

审计已成功。

SQL> select user_name, audit_option, success, failure from dba_stmt_audit_opts;

USER_NAME                      AUDIT_OPTION
------------------------------ ---------------------------------------
SUCCESS    FAILURE
---------- ----------
                               TABLE
BY ACCESS  BY ACCESS

-- 3.2 启用指定语句审计

SQL> audit table;

审计已成功。

-- 3.3 启用指定用户审计

SQL> show parameters audit_trail

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ---------------
audit_trail                          string      DB
SQL> audit table by scott;

审计已成功。

-- 3.4 启用针对用户失败时的审计

SQL> audit table by scott whenever not successful;

审计已成功。

SQL> select user_name, audit_option, success, failure from dba_stmt_audit_opts;

USER_NAME                      AUDIT_OPTION                             SUCCESS    FAILURE
------------------------------ ---------------------------------------- ---------- ----------
SCOTT                          TABLE                                    NOT SET    BY ACCESS

 

-- 3.5 启用针对用户成功时的审计

SQL> audit table by scott whenever  successful;

SQL> select user_name, audit_option, success, failure from dba_stmt_audit_opts;

USER_NAME                      AUDIT_OPTION                             SUCCESS    FAILURE
------------------------------ ---------------------------------------- ---------- ----------
SCOTT                          TABLE                                    BY ACCESS  NOT SET

 

-- 3.6 启用非DDL审计
SQL> select user_name, audit_option, success, failure from dba_stmt_audit_opts;

USER_NAME                      AUDIT_OPTION                             SUCCESS    FAILURE
------------------------------ ---------------------------------------- ---------- ----------

SQL> audit insert table by scott by access;

Audit succeeded

SQL> conn scott/tiger
Connected to Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0
Connected as scott

SQL> create table t1
  2  (sid int);

Table created

SQL> insert into t1 values (1001);

1 row inserted

SQL> select * from t1;

                                    SID
---------------------------------------
                                   1001

SQL> update t1 set sid=2003 where sid=1001;

1 row updated

SQL> delete from t1;

1 row deleted

SQL> conn sys as sysdba
Connected to Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0
Connected as SYS

SQL> select user_name, audit_option, success, failure from dba_stmt_audit_opts;

USER_NAME                      AUDIT_OPTION                             SUCCESS    FAILURE
------------------------------ ---------------------------------------- ---------- ----------
SCOTT                          INSERT TABLE                             BY ACCESS  BY ACCESS

 

 

 

-- 3.7 关闭语句审计
SQL> noaudit table;

审计未成功。

SQL> noaudit insert table by scott;

Noaudit succeeded

 

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四、管理特权审计：
****************************************************************************************
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
管理特权审计包括监视和记录需要一个指定系统特权的SQL语句的执行；可以审计任意一个系统特权。

-- 4.1  启用审计特权

SQL> audit create any table;

Audit succeeded

 

 

-- 4.2 审计具体用户

/*
环境准备：

create user win identified by password
quota 100m on users;

grant create session, create table to win;

 

 

*/

--步骤1：检查已经启用特权审计

SQL> select user_name, privilege, success, failure from dba_priv_audit_opts ;

USER_NAME                      PRIVILEGE                                SUCCESS    FAILURE
------------------------------ ---------------------------------------- ---------- ----------

--步骤2：启用特权审计
SQL> audit select any table by scott by access;

Audit succeeded

--步骤3：检查已经启用特权审计

SQL> select user_name, privilege, success, failure from dba_priv_audit_opts ;

USER_NAME                      PRIVILEGE                                SUCCESS    FAILURE
------------------------------ ---------------------------------------- ---------- ----------
SCOTT                          SELECT ANY TABLE                         BY ACCESS  BY ACCESS

 

--步骤4：连接到scott账户操作

SQL> conn scott/tiger
已连接。
SQL> select * from win.accp;

       TID
----------
      1001

--步骤5：检查审计跟踪

SQL> select username, to_char(timestamp,'yyyy:mm:dd:hh'), action_name
from dba_audit_trail where username= 'SCOTT';

USERNAME                       TIME          ACTION_NAME
------------------------------ ------------- ----------------------------
SCOTT                          2008:10:29:01 SELECT

 

--步骤6：清空审计记录

SQL> delete  from sys.aud$  ;